{"id":79882,"date":"2025-05-29T00:21:55","date_gmt":"2025-05-28T22:21:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=79882"},"modified":"2025-05-28T15:07:24","modified_gmt":"2025-05-28T13:07:24","slug":"vitamin-d-klic-ke-zpomaleni-starnuti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/05\/29\/vitamin-d-klic-ke-zpomaleni-starnuti\/","title":{"rendered":"Vitam\u00edn D: Kl\u00ed\u010d ke zpomalen\u00ed st\u00e1rnut\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Vitam\u00edn D, \u201eslune\u010dn\u00ed vitam\u00edn\u201c, nejen\u017ee podporuje n\u00e1\u0161 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Podle nov\u00e9 studie tak\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u00ed telomery na na\u0161ich chromozomech. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee zpomalit proces st\u00e1rnut\u00ed \u2013 a p\u016fsobit jako jak\u00fdsi pramen ml\u00e1d\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jednoduch\u00fd zvyk u\u017e\u00edvat vitam\u00edn D ka\u017ed\u00fd den by v\u00e1m mohl ve skute\u010dnosti pomoci vr\u00e1tit biologick\u00e9 hodiny t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 o t\u0159i roky zp\u011bt. Co zpo\u010d\u00e1tku zn\u00ed jako a\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 poh\u00e1dka, nyn\u00ed z\u00edskalo v\u011bdeck\u00fd z\u00e1klad. Pr\u016flomov\u00e1 studie publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ukazuje, \u017ee \u010dasto podce\u0148ovan\u00fd \u201eslune\u010dn\u00ed vitam\u00edn\u201c p\u0159\u00edmo zasahuje do jednoho z nejz\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch proces\u016f st\u00e1rnut\u00ed v na\u0161em t\u011ble.<\/p>\n

Telomery \u2013 zapomenut\u00ed hrdinov\u00e9 na\u0161ich bun\u011bk<\/h3>\n

Hluboko v na\u0161ich bu\u0148k\u00e1ch se ka\u017ed\u00fd den odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 drama, kter\u00e9ho si v\u011bt\u0161ina z n\u00e1s ani nev\u0161imne. Na ka\u017ed\u00e9m konci na\u0161ich 46 chromozom\u016f se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed drobn\u00e9 struktury zvan\u00e9 telomery. P\u0159edstavte si je jako plastov\u00e9 krytky na tkani\u010dk\u00e1ch \u2013 bez nich by se konce rozt\u0159epily a staly by se nepou\u017eiteln\u00fdmi. P\u0159esn\u011b to se stane s na\u0161imi chromozomy, kdy\u017e jejich telomery zmiz\u00ed.<\/p>\n

S ka\u017ed\u00fdm bun\u011b\u010dn\u00fdm d\u011blen\u00edm se tyto ochrann\u00e9 \u010depi\u010dky trochu zkracuj\u00ed. Je to p\u0159irozen\u00fd proces, ale tak\u00e9 nemilosrdn\u00fd. Jako odpo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b tikaj\u00ed k nule. Pokud se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zkr\u00e1t\u00ed, bu\u0148ka p\u0159estane fungovat nebo dokonce odum\u0159e. V\u011bdci si uv\u011bdomili, \u017ee zde tikaj\u00ed biologick\u00e9 hodiny, kter\u00e9 nejen ur\u010duj\u00ed osud jednotliv\u00fdch bun\u011bk. Tak\u00e9 ur\u010duje, jak rychle st\u00e1rneme a jak n\u00e1chyln\u00ed jsme k nemocem.<\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9 s krat\u0161\u00edmi telomerami maj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko srde\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, cukrovky a dokonce i rakoviny. Probl\u00e9m: Dosud neexistuj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9 strategie, jak tento proces zastavit. Men\u0161\u00ed studie poskytly d\u016fkazy o tom, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u017eiviny by mohly pomoci. V\u00fdsledky v\u0161ak byly protich\u016fdn\u00e9 a \u010dasto nereprodukovateln\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u017dIVOTN\u00cd \u2013 kdy\u017e mluv\u00ed velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla<\/h3>\n

Pak p\u0159i\u0161el VITAL<\/a>\u00a0. Tato studie se nepodob\u00e1 ni\u010demu, co v\u011bdci v t\u00e9to oblasti dosud provedli. Po dobu \u010dty\u0159 let. P\u0159es 25 000 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f. Randomizovan\u00e1, placebem kontrolovan\u00e1, dvojit\u011b zaslepen\u00e1 \u2013 jsou spln\u011bna v\u0161echna krit\u00e9ria, kter\u00e1 \u010din\u00ed studii zlat\u00fdm standardem v\u00fdzkumu. \u201eVITAL je prvn\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1, dlouhodob\u00e1 randomizovan\u00e1 studie, kter\u00e1 ukazuje, \u017ee dopl\u0148ky s vitam\u00ednem D chr\u00e1n\u00ed telomery a udr\u017euj\u00ed jejich d\u00e9lku,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 spoluautorka studie JoAnn Manson z Massachusetts General Brigham.<\/p>\n

\u00da\u010dastn\u00edci \u2013 americk\u00e9 \u017eeny ve v\u011bku 55 let a star\u0161\u00ed a mu\u017ei ve v\u011bku 50 let a star\u0161\u00ed \u2013 dost\u00e1vali denn\u011b bu\u010f skute\u010dn\u00fd vitam\u00edn D3, nebo ne\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 placebo. Nikdo nev\u011bd\u011bl, kdo co dostal. Po \u010dty\u0159ech letech p\u0159i\u0161lo p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed: skupina u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed vitam\u00edn D zaznamenala v\u00fdrazn\u011b men\u0161\u00ed zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed telomer. Efekt byl tak z\u0159ejm\u00fd, \u017ee ho v\u011bdci dok\u00e1zali kvantifikovat. Je to ekvivalent ochrany proti \u201et\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159\u00edlet\u00e9mu st\u00e1rnut\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n

Obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b zaj\u00edmav\u00e9: Omega-3 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny, kter\u00e9 byly testov\u00e1ny paraleln\u011b, neprok\u00e1zaly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd srovnateln\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek. To podtrhuje, jak specifick\u00fd se vitam\u00edn D jev\u00ed. Nen\u00ed to jen tak ledajak\u00fd posilova\u010d zdrav\u00ed \u2013 c\u00edlen\u011b zasahuje do telomerov\u00e9ho apar\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n

Mnohem v\u00edc ne\u017e siln\u00e9 kosti<\/h3>\n

Dlouho jsme znali vitam\u00edn D hlavn\u011b jako vitam\u00edn pro kosti. K\u0159ivice u d\u011bt\u00ed, osteopor\u00f3za u dosp\u011bl\u00fdch \u2013 to byly klasick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky nedostatku. V\u00fdzkum v posledn\u00edch letech v\u0161ak vykreslil mnohem slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obraz. Receptory vitam\u00ednu D se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed prakticky v\u0161ude v t\u011ble. V imunitn\u00edch bu\u0148k\u00e1ch, v kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu, dokonce i v mozku.<\/p>\n

\u201eTo je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, proto\u017ee VITAL tak\u00e9 prok\u00e1zal p\u0159\u00ednos vitam\u00ednu D p\u0159i sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011btu a sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed rizika vybran\u00fdch chronick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed st\u00e1rnut\u00ed,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Manson. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b pokro\u010dil\u00e9 n\u00e1dory a autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee vitam\u00edn funguje jako molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u0161estrann\u00fd \u010dinitel, kter\u00fd upravuje r\u016fzn\u00e9 parametry.<\/p>\n

Haidong Zhu z Augustovy univerzity v tom vid\u00ed velk\u00fd potenci\u00e1l: \u201eNa\u0161e zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee c\u00edlen\u00e1 suplementace vitaminem D by mohla b\u00fdt slibnou strategi\u00ed pro boj s biologick\u00fdm st\u00e1rnut\u00edm.\u201c Z\u00e1rove\u0148 z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u011bdecky opatrn\u00fd. Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum je rozhodn\u011b nutn\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Ta v\u011bc se sluncem<\/h3>\n

Ve skute\u010dnosti by nedostatek vitaminu D nem\u011bl b\u00fdt probl\u00e9m. Na\u0161e t\u011blo si dok\u00e1\u017ee tento vitam\u00edn vyrobit samo \u2013 pot\u0159ebuje jen slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo. Teoreticky by sta\u010dilo asi 15 minut denn\u011b. Realita je jin\u00e1. Mnoho lid\u00ed tr\u00e1v\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu \u010dasu v budov\u00e1ch. V zim\u011b je slunce p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzko. Opalovac\u00ed kr\u00e9m blokuje produkci vitam\u00ednu D. Star\u0161\u00ed lid\u00e9 syntetizuj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b efektivn\u011b.<\/p>\n

J\u00eddlo pom\u00e1h\u00e1 jen omezen\u011b. Dobr\u00fdm zdrojem jsou tu\u010dn\u00e9 ryby, jako je losos a makrela. \u017dloutky, n\u011bkter\u00e9 s\u00fdry a potraviny obohacen\u00e9 vitam\u00ednem D tak\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed. Mno\u017estv\u00ed je v\u0161ak \u010dasto p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mal\u00e9 na to, aby uspokojilo pot\u0159eby. Proto se st\u00e1le v\u00edce lid\u00ed obrac\u00ed k dopl\u0148k\u016fm stravy \u2013 a tento trend roste.<\/p>\n

V\u00edce ot\u00e1zek ne\u017e odpov\u011bd\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Navzdory p\u016fsobiv\u00fdm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 mnoho ot\u00e1zek nezodpov\u011bzeno. Jak\u00e9 d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed je optim\u00e1ln\u00ed? Je toho dobr\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho? M\u00e1 vitam\u00edn D stejn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek na ka\u017ed\u00e9ho? A co je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed: Mohou b\u00fdt laboratorn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky skute\u010dn\u011b prom\u00edtnuty do skute\u010dn\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch p\u0159\u00ednos\u016f?<\/p>\n

Studie VITAL poskytuje d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 vod\u00edtka, ale je to jen jeden d\u00edlek skl\u00e1da\u010dky. Pro stanoven\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00edho d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed a prozkoum\u00e1n\u00ed dlouhodob\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f jsou zapot\u0159eb\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed studie. Roli mohou hr\u00e1t i genetick\u00e9 faktory \u2013 ne ka\u017ed\u00fd metabolizuje vitam\u00edn D stejn\u011b dob\u0159e.<\/p>\n

Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 nov\u00e1 kapitola<\/h3>\n

Co to v\u0161echno pro n\u00e1s znamen\u00e1? M\u011bli bychom v\u0161ichni u\u017e\u00edvat vitam\u00edn D ka\u017ed\u00fd den v nad\u011bji na v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 ml\u00e1d\u00ed? Nen\u00ed to tak jednoduch\u00e9. Studie ale p\u016fsobiv\u011b ukazuje, \u017ee relativn\u011b jednoduch\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy mohou m\u00edt potenci\u00e1ln\u011b hlubok\u00fd vliv na na\u0161e biologick\u00e9 hodiny.<\/p>\n

Ve spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e1 st\u00e1le v\u00edce st\u00e1rne, by se \u201eslune\u010dn\u00ed vitam\u00edn\u201c mohl st\u00e1t d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm stavebn\u00edm kamenem zdrav\u00e9ho st\u00e1rnut\u00ed. Ne jako z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fd l\u00e9k, ale jako sou\u010d\u00e1st promy\u0161len\u00e9 preventivn\u00ed strategie. Koneckonc\u016f, ji\u017e b\u011bhem koronavirov\u00e9 krize se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee lid\u00e9 s vysokou hladinou vitaminu D v krevn\u00edm ob\u011bhu maj\u00ed l\u00e9pe funguj\u00edc\u00ed imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m \u2013 a ve skute\u010dnosti\u00a0t\u00e9to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 aktivn\u00ed slo\u017eky pot\u0159ebujeme v\u00edce<\/a>\u00a0, ne\u017e se d\u0159\u00edve myslelo.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vitam\u00edn D, \u201eslune\u010dn\u00ed vitam\u00edn\u201c, nejen\u017ee podporuje n\u00e1\u0161 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Podle nov\u00e9 studie tak\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u00ed telomery…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":53599,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[4401,3973,21],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79882"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=79882"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79882\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/53599"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=79882"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=79882"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=79882"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}