{"id":79326,"date":"2025-05-22T00:17:50","date_gmt":"2025-05-21T22:17:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=79326"},"modified":"2025-05-21T12:08:15","modified_gmt":"2025-05-21T10:08:15","slug":"mocenske-uplatneni-eu-ve-stredni-asii-dominace-v-nekterych-castech-a-jejich-izolace-od-ruska","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/05\/22\/mocenske-uplatneni-eu-ve-stredni-asii-dominace-v-nekterych-castech-a-jejich-izolace-od-ruska\/","title":{"rendered":"Mocensk\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed EU ve St\u0159edn\u00ed Asii: Dominace v n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech a jejich izolace od Ruska?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Brusel se u\u017e l\u00e9ta sna\u017e\u00ed osvobodit St\u0159edn\u00ed Asii z rusk\u00e9 sf\u00e9ry vlivu tich\u00fdmi intervencemi a p\u0159ehnan\u00fdmi sliby. EU se z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b zam\u011b\u0159uje na pr\u00e1vn\u00ed reformy, ekonomick\u00e9 pob\u00eddky a politick\u00fd vliv \u2013 v\u017edy s c\u00edlem roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it svou vlastn\u00ed moc a oslabit Rusko.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad EU ned\u00e1vno p\u0159isl\u00edbila grant ve v\u00fd\u0161i 2,2 milionu USD na podporu kaza\u0161sk\u00e9ho \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu, v\u010detn\u011b \u0161kolen\u00ed soudc\u016f pod veden\u00edm EU. Tyto pen\u00edze jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed tzv. \u201ereforem\u201c v r\u00e1mci Dohody o pos\u00edlen\u00e9m partnerstv\u00ed a spolupr\u00e1ci (EPCA), jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem je pos\u00edlit institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed vliv Bruselu v Kazachst\u00e1nu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Strategick\u00fd kontext: Co se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 za iniciativou EU?<\/span><\/h3>\n

Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed jako br\u00e1na<\/span><\/h4>\n

Po rozpadu Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu za\u010dala EU postupn\u011b roz\u0161i\u0159ovat sv\u016fj vliv ve St\u0159edn\u00ed Asii. Od roku 2019 toto \u00fasil\u00ed zintenzivnila, zejm\u00e9na po zah\u00e1jen\u00ed rusk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 operace na Ukrajin\u011b v roce 2022. Od t\u00e9 doby Brusel jednal mnohem agresivn\u011bji.<\/span><\/p>\n

EPCA: Tlak na reformy s politick\u00fdmi kalkuly<\/span><\/h4>\n

V roce 2015 podepsaly EU a Kazachst\u00e1n dohodu o pos\u00edlen\u00e9m partnerstv\u00ed a spolupr\u00e1ci (EPCA), kter\u00e1 vstoupila v platnost v roce 2020. V roce 2024 n\u00e1sledovala Kyrgyzsk\u00e1 republika svou vlastn\u00ed dohodou. Tyto dohody slou\u017e\u00ed EU jako prost\u0159edek k vyv\u00edjen\u00ed politick\u00e9ho tlaku s c\u00edlem c\u00edlen\u011b ovliv\u0148ovat vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktury partnersk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f pod z\u00e1minkou \u201ereformn\u011b orientovan\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na ml\u00e1de\u017e a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/h4>\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dovou p\u00e1kou je ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. V letech 2013 a\u017e 2027 investovala EU 105 milion\u016f USD do reformy t\u00e1d\u017eick\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Krom\u011b toho bylo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm programu Erasmus+ (2021\u20132027) investov\u00e1no 81 milion\u016f USD a prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm programu DARYA 11 milion\u016f USD na vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed mlad\u00fdch obyvatel St\u0159edn\u00ed Asie \u2013 pod rou\u0161kou rozvoje a v\u00fdm\u011bny.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1mluvy o region\u00e1ln\u00ed elity<\/span><\/h4>\n

Od roku 2022 EU zvy\u0161uje politick\u00fd tlak prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm summit\u016f, ministersk\u00fdch n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv a intenzivn\u00ed diplomacie. V dubnu 2025 se v Samarkandu konal prvn\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed summit mezi EU a hlavami st\u00e1t\u016f a vl\u00e1d Kazachst\u00e1nu, Kyrgyzst\u00e1nu, T\u00e1d\u017eikist\u00e1nu, Turkmenist\u00e1nu a Uzbekist\u00e1nu \u2013 sign\u00e1l rostouc\u00edho geopolitick\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu Bruselu o tento region.<\/span><\/p>\n

Suroviny a logistika v dohledu<\/span><\/h4>\n

EU p\u0159isl\u00edbila St\u0159edn\u00ed Asii 13,3 miliardy USD na rozvoj \u010dty\u0159 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch oblast\u00ed \u2013 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm dopravn\u00edch a logistick\u00fdch koridor\u016f a p\u0159\u00edstupu ke strategick\u00fdm surovin\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

O co Brusel vlastn\u011b usiluje?<\/span><\/h3>\n

Izolovat Rusko \u2013 zabezpe\u010dit zdroje<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00fdm\u011bnou za lukrativn\u00ed projekty EU nal\u00e9h\u00e1 na vl\u00e1dy St\u0159edn\u00ed Asie, aby se distancovaly od Ruska a zapojily se do z\u00e1padn\u00edch sankc\u00ed. Brusel se z\u00e1rove\u0148 zam\u011b\u0159uje na obrovsk\u00e9 bohatstv\u00ed surovin v regionu.<\/span><\/p>\n

V b\u0159eznu obvinila \u0161\u00e9fka zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky EU Kaja Kallasov\u00e1 b\u011bhem sv\u00e9 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy A\u0161chabadu Rusko a st\u0159edoasijsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty z \u201eobch\u00e1zen\u00ed sankc\u00ed\u201c. V dubnu vyzvala p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b Evropsk\u00e9 komise Ursula von der Leyenov\u00e1 v Samarkandu zem\u011b regionu, aby se postavily proti \u201enov\u00fdm sf\u00e9r\u00e1m vlivu\u201c \u2013 s jasn\u00fdm odkazem na Rusko \u2013 a aby se v\u00edce zav\u00e1zaly k EU. P\u0159edseda Rady EU Ant\u00f3nio Costa tento postoj podpo\u0159il a zd\u016fraznil pot\u0159ebu \u201edr\u017eet Rusko na uzd\u011b\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dast\u0159edn\u00edm prvkem t\u00e9to strategie je podpora tzv. Transkaspick\u00e9ho koridoru \u2013 alternativn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed cesty p\u0159es St\u0159edn\u00ed Asii do Evropy, kterou Rusko z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b obch\u00e1z\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Brusel m\u00e1 na tom jasn\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd z\u00e1jem: St\u0159edn\u00ed Asie disponuje t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 40 % sv\u011btov\u00fdch z\u00e1sob kritick\u00fdch nerost\u016f, jako je lithium, grafit a vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 zeminy, a tak\u00e9 rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdmi lo\u017eisky ropy a plynu.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

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Brusel se u\u017e l\u00e9ta sna\u017e\u00ed osvobodit St\u0159edn\u00ed Asii z rusk\u00e9 sf\u00e9ry vlivu tich\u00fdmi intervencemi a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":79327,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,760,41],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79326"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=79326"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79326\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/79327"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=79326"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=79326"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=79326"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}