{"id":78631,"date":"2025-05-13T00:16:34","date_gmt":"2025-05-12T22:16:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=78631"},"modified":"2025-05-12T12:19:21","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T10:19:21","slug":"britska-agentura-odhaluje-skutecne-geoinzenyrske-experimenty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/05\/13\/britska-agentura-odhaluje-skutecne-geoinzenyrske-experimenty\/","title":{"rendered":"Britsk\u00e1 agentura odhaluje skute\u010dn\u00e9 geoin\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00e9 experimenty"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed poprv\u00e9 financuje re\u00e1ln\u00e9 geoin\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00e9 experimenty t\u00e1hnouc\u00ed se od Arktidy a\u017e po Velk\u00fd bari\u00e9rov\u00fd \u00fates. Mimo jin\u00e9 se testuj\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed slunce ve stratosf\u00e9\u0159e, zjas\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed mrak\u016f rozpra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm mo\u0159sk\u00e9 vody a \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu pro jeho zahu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. C\u00edlem je blokovat slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo, aby se sn\u00ed\u017eila teplota Zem\u011b a zabr\u00e1nilo se klimatick\u00fdm bod\u016fm zlomu, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1sledky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle vl\u00e1dn\u00ed Agentury pro pokro\u010dil\u00fd v\u00fdzkum a vyn\u00e1lezy (Aria), kter\u00e1 program vede, je c\u00edlem uzav\u0159\u00edt \u201ez\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 mezery\u201c. Pokud se geoin\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed uk\u00e1\u017ee jako bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, mohlo by b\u00fdt pou\u017eito jako z\u00e1chrann\u00e1 brzda, kter\u00e1 by z\u00edskala \u010das, zat\u00edmco se skute\u010dn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina klimatick\u00e9 krize \u2013 spalov\u00e1n\u00ed fosiln\u00edch paliv \u2013 omez\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle Arie se studie prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v mal\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku a podl\u00e9haj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9mu hodnocen\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1sti programu v hodnot\u011b 56,8 milionu liber se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed modelov\u00e1n\u00edm klimatick\u00fdch dopad\u016f a t\u00edm, jak by geoin\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed mohlo b\u00fdt regulov\u00e1no na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni.<\/span><\/p>\n

Geoin\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 kontroverzn\u00ed: kritici ho popisuj\u00ed jako \u201enebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 odv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed pozornosti\u201c od sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed a varuj\u00ed p\u0159ed nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fdmi klimatick\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky. N\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159edchoz\u00ed experimenty byly zastaveny kv\u016fli odporu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vzhledem k rostouc\u00edm emis\u00edm a rekordn\u011b hork\u00fdm let\u016fm pova\u017euj\u00ed zast\u00e1nci v\u00fdzkum sol\u00e1rn\u00edho geoin\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed za nezbytn\u00fd. Spolu s dal\u0161\u00edm projektem v hodnot\u011b 10 milion\u016f liber je Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed jedn\u00edm z p\u0159edn\u00edch sv\u011btov\u00fdch financuj\u00edc\u00edch subjekt\u016f v oblasti geoin\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eDekarbonizace je na\u0161e prvn\u00ed a nejlep\u0161\u00ed \u0161ance, jak zabr\u00e1nit bod\u016fm zlomu,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 profesor Mark Symes, programov\u00fd \u0159editel spole\u010dnosti Aria. \u201eSou\u010dasn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj v\u0161ak s sebou nese riziko dosa\u017een\u00ed bod\u016f zlomu, bez ohledu na to, co se stane s nulov\u00fdmi \u010dist\u00fdmi emisemi. Mus\u00edme se zab\u00fdvat potenci\u00e1ln\u00edmi reakcemi na to.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00edlem je co nejtransparentn\u011bji prozkoumat, zda lze tyto metody chlazen\u00ed n\u011bkdy bezpe\u010dn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvat. \u201e\u017divot v Brit\u00e1nii by se mohl st\u00e1t velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fdm, pokud by do\u0161lo k takov\u00e9mu bodu zlomu.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel spole\u010dnosti Aria, Ilan Gur, dod\u00e1v\u00e1: \u201ePokud m\u016f\u017ee trocha mo\u0159sk\u00e9 vody zachr\u00e1nit biodiverzitu Velk\u00e9ho bari\u00e9rov\u00e9ho \u00fatesu, m\u011bli bychom tuto mo\u017enost pochopit.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Kritika sol\u00e1rn\u00edho geoin\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Profesor Raymond Pierrehumbert (Oxfordsk\u00e1 univerzita) ozna\u010duje vl\u00e1dn\u00ed financov\u00e1n\u00ed za \u201enebezpe\u010dn\u00fd precedent\u201c. Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed geoin\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed m\u00e1 hlubok\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fsledky a je nerozumn\u00e9 povolit poln\u00ed testy bez n\u00e1rodn\u00edho nebo mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho dohledu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mary Church z Centra pro mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed tak\u00e9 varuje: \u201eSol\u00e1rn\u00ed geoin\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed je nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9 a mohlo by d\u00e1le destabilizovat klimatick\u00fd syst\u00e9m.\u201c I mal\u00e9 testy by mohly v\u00e9st k normalizaci a urychlen\u00ed technologick\u00e9ho rozvoje \u2013 s mo\u017en\u00fdm odklonem od rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho nasazen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina geoin\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f se zam\u011b\u0159uje na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Toto tzv. \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed (SRM) v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky, jako jsou zm\u011bny ve sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch vzorc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 soukrom\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti ji\u017e pracuj\u00ed na technologi\u00edch SRM, co\u017e podle Gura \u010din\u00ed solidn\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fd z\u00e1klad o to nal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 experimenty<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Meteorologick\u00fd bal\u00f3n bude vypu\u0161t\u011bn do stratosf\u00e9ry nad USA nebo Spojen\u00fdm kr\u00e1lovstv\u00edm a vystav\u00ed miligramov\u00e9 vzorky netoxick\u00e9mu miner\u00e1ln\u00edmu prachu. Z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stic by m\u011blo uk\u00e1zat, jak se m\u011bn\u00ed jejich vlastnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0159i dal\u0161\u00ed experimenty zahrnuj\u00ed post\u0159ik mo\u0159sk\u00e9 vody pomoc\u00ed dronu nebo elektrick\u00e9ho n\u00e1boje pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed tvorby mrak\u016f a odrazivosti. Jeden z nich se m\u00e1 uskute\u010dnit nad Velk\u00fdm bari\u00e9rov\u00fdm \u00fatesem o rozloze a\u017e 100 km\u00b2. Dal\u0161\u00ed je pl\u00e1nov\u00e1na na britsk\u00e9m pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00e1t\u00fd experiment zahrnuje \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed vody na mo\u0159sk\u00fd led v Kanad\u011b (o rozloze a\u017e 1 km\u00b2) v zim\u011b, co\u017e v l\u00e9t\u011b zmraz\u00ed a stabilizuje ledovou pokr\u00fdvku. B\u00edl\u00fd led odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u00edce slune\u010dn\u00edho sv\u011btla ne\u017e otev\u0159en\u00e1 voda.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm experimentem se prov\u00e1d\u00ed posouzen\u00ed vliv\u016f na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a konzultuj\u00ed se m\u00edstn\u00ed komunity. Proces sleduje nez\u00e1visl\u00fd monitorovac\u00ed v\u00fdbor v \u010dele s klimatologick\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumn\u00edkem profesorem Piersem Forsterem (s \u010dleny z Indie a Ghany).<\/span><\/p>\n

Program Aria tak\u00e9 zkoum\u00e1 my\u0161lenku orbit\u00e1ln\u00edch sol\u00e1rn\u00edch reflektor\u016f neboli \u201evesm\u00edrn\u00fdch de\u0161tn\u00edk\u016f\u201c s vyu\u017eit\u00edm model\u016f. Symes to naz\u00fdv\u00e1 \u201enejspekulativn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm\u201c ze v\u0161ech propagovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jin\u00fd projekt vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 drony k letu do sope\u010dn\u00e9ho kou\u0159e za \u00fa\u010delem m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dink\u016f \u010d\u00e1stic.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sedm modelovac\u00edch t\u00fdm\u016f zkoum\u00e1 dopady geoin\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed na klima a ekosyst\u00e9my \u2013 zejm\u00e9na v rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00edch, kde \u017eije 85 % sv\u011btov\u00e9 populace. P\u011bt dal\u0161\u00edch t\u00fdm\u016f se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 ot\u00e1zkami etiky a spr\u00e1vy: Kdo bude v budoucnu rozhodovat o tom, zda a jak bude geoin\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed poprv\u00e9 financuje re\u00e1ln\u00e9 geoin\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00e9 experimenty t\u00e1hnouc\u00ed se od Arktidy a\u017e po Velk\u00fd bari\u00e9rov\u00fd…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":78632,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1180,5404,873,303],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78631"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78631"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78631\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/78632"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78631"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78631"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78631"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}