{"id":786,"date":"2021-04-15T03:47:47","date_gmt":"2021-04-15T01:47:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=786"},"modified":"2021-04-15T03:47:47","modified_gmt":"2021-04-15T01:47:47","slug":"americane-se-pripravuji-na-vysadek-v-arktide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2021\/04\/15\/americane-se-pripravuji-na-vysadek-v-arktide\/","title":{"rendered":"Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 se p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed na v\u00fdsadek v Arktid\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"
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USA se sna\u017e\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eit zaost\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed za Ruskem v Arktid\u011b. V t\u011bchto dnech americk\u00e1 Pozemn\u00ed vojska uzav\u0159ela smlouvu s koncernem Oshkosh Defense v kooperaci se singapurskou spole\u010dnost\u00ed ST Engineering a BAE Systems na v\u00fdvoj vojensk\u00e9 techniky pro Arktidu.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Vy\u0161lo najevo, \u017ee modern\u00ed stroje podobn\u00e9ho typu Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 prost\u011b nemaj\u00ed, a ty, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed, jsou u\u017e d\u00e1vno zastaral\u00e9. Velen\u00ed po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s t\u00edm, \u017ee novinky vyzkou\u0161\u00ed u\u017e v srpnu. Co je o nich zn\u00e1mo?<\/p>\n

Vyrobit do \u010dervna<\/span><\/h2>\n

Arktida je pro ka\u017edou arm\u00e1du v\u00e1\u017enou v\u00fdzvou. Velmi n\u00edzk\u00e9 teploty, ledov\u00e9 kry, plovouc\u00ed ledy, nedostatek infrastruktury, t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 logistika a dlouh\u00e1 pol\u00e1rn\u00ed noc, to v\u0161echno zna\u010dn\u011b komplikuje rozvinut\u00ed velk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0letech studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky nev\u011bnovaly USA na rozd\u00edl od\u00a0SSSR\u00a0tomuto regionu dostate\u010dnou pozornost, a proto m\u00e1 nyn\u00ed Pentagon k\u00a0dispozici jedin\u00fd spolehliv\u00fd ledoborec Polar Star. Rusko m\u00e1 p\u0159es 40 lod\u00ed tohoto typu. Krom\u011b toho tam Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed fakticky \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny.<\/p>\n

Nesta\u010d\u00ed ani technika pro pozemn\u00ed vojska, kter\u00e1 by mohla p\u0159epravovat n\u00e1klady a voj\u00e1ky ve velmi\u00a0t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch arktick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. Jedin\u00e1 ta\u017en\u00e1 ter\u00e9nn\u00ed vozidla, kter\u00e1 se k\u00a0tomu hod\u00ed, jsou \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00e1 dvou\u010dl\u00e1nkov\u00e1 p\u00e1sov\u00e1 vozidla Bandvagn 206, kter\u00e1 byla za\u0159azena do v\u00fdzbroje pod ozna\u010den\u00edm Small Unit Support Vehicle (SUSV, mal\u00e9 vozidlo na podporu jednotek). Prvn\u00ed vozidla tohoto typu v\u0161ak byla vyrobena je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed 40 lety a u\u017e d\u00e1vno neodpov\u00eddaj\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00fdm po\u017eadavk\u016fm.<\/p>\n

Arm\u00e1da se rozhodla obnovit park arktick\u00e9 techniky a vyhl\u00e1sila sout\u011b\u017e v\u00a0r\u00e1mci programu ColdWeather, All-Terrain Vehicle (CATV, ter\u00e9nn\u00ed vozidlo pro studen\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed). Pentagon je ochoten vynalo\u017eit na v\u00fdvoj, v\u00fdrobu a zkou\u0161ky perspektivn\u00edho ta\u017en\u00e9ho vozidla 6,6 milionu dolar\u016f ve finan\u010dn\u00edm roce 2021 a 9,25 milionu dolar\u016f na n\u00e1kup 110 kus\u016f CATV.<\/p>\n

Pot\u00e9 bude park roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en na 163 ter\u00e9nn\u00edch vozidel. Prototypy se o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed do 17. \u010dervna. Od srpna a\u017e do konce prosince se maj\u00ed konat zkou\u0161ky na polygonu na Alja\u0161ce. V\u00edt\u011bz bude vyhl\u00e1\u0161en ve finan\u010dn\u00edm roce 2022.<\/p>\n

\u010cty\u0159i varianty<\/h3>\n

Jak se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, budou p\u0159edlo\u017eeny \u010dty\u0159i varianty CATV. Ter\u00e9nn\u00ed vozidlo v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho ur\u010den\u00ed mus\u00ed krom\u011b \u0159idi\u010de pojmout minim\u00e1ln\u011b dev\u011bt voj\u00e1k\u016f. Sanitn\u00ed varianta s\u00a0l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm je ur\u010dena pro dva zdravotn\u00edky, dva zran\u011bn\u00e9 na l\u016f\u017ek\u00e1ch a dva lehce zran\u011bn\u00e9 pacienty. Velitelsk\u00e9 ter\u00e9nn\u00ed vozidlo bude vybaveno modern\u00edmi komunika\u010dn\u00edmi prost\u0159edky a prost\u0159edky \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vojsk. N\u00e1kladn\u00ed varianta je ur\u010dena po p\u0159epravu vojensk\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed velk\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f na velkou vzd\u00e1lenost.<\/p>\n

\u201eTato vozidla budou moci \u0159e\u0161it \u0161irok\u00fd okruh \u00fakol\u016f v\u00a0podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch extr\u00e9mn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00fdch teplot v\u00a0ter\u00e9nu, kter\u00fd je pro jinou techniku nepr\u016fjezdn\u00fd,\u201c \u0159ekl novin\u00e1\u0159\u016fm d\u016fstojn\u00edk americk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy Tim Goddet, kter\u00fd odpov\u00edd\u00e1 za program CATV. \u201eMus\u00ed bez probl\u00e9m\u016f jezdit po led\u011b, p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat vodn\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky, snadno vyj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bt kopce, jejich obsluhov\u00e1n\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt jednoduch\u00e9 a spot\u0159eba paliva mal\u00e1,\u201c dodal.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u00da\u010dastn\u00edci sout\u011b\u017ee se op\u00edraj\u00ed o p\u0159edchoz\u00ed projekty. Oshkosh a ST Engineering si vzaly za z\u00e1klad dvou\u010dl\u00e1nkov\u00fd taha\u010d Bronco 3. Toto vozidlo je u\u017e p\u0159es 20 let ve v\u00fdzbroji britsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy a z\u00fa\u010dastnilo se bojov\u00fdch akc\u00ed v\u00a0Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n

Bronco 3 m\u00e1 panc\u00e9\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed proti kulk\u00e1m, oto\u010dn\u00fd kulomet a dno ve tvaru V, kter\u00e9 sni\u017euje \u0161kodu p\u0159i v\u00fdbuchu miny. Ter\u00e9nn\u00ed vozidlo p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1 vodn\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky rychlost\u00ed p\u011bt kilometr\u016f za hodinu.<\/p>\n

BAE Systems p\u0159edlo\u017e\u00ed novinku na z\u00e1klad\u011b dvou\u010dl\u00e1nkov\u00e9ho taha\u010de Beowulf, kter\u00fd je v\u00a0mnoh\u00e9m podobn\u00fd Bronco 3 a SUSV, m\u00e1 v\u0161ak v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nosnost.<\/p>\n

Dohonit Rusko<\/span><\/h4>\n

V\u00a0arktick\u00e9 strategii, kter\u00e1 byla zve\u0159ejn\u011bna p\u0159ed m\u011bs\u00edcem, Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 otev\u0159en\u011b prohl\u00e1sili svou snahu zatla\u010dit v\u00a0tomto regionu Moskvu a Peking. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed znepokojen\u00ed vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 u Pentagonu Rusko, kter\u00e9 disponuje nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed flotilou ledoborc\u016f na sv\u011bt\u011b, s\u00edt\u00ed vojensk\u00fdch z\u00e1kladen v\u00a0severn\u00edch \u0161\u00ed\u0159k\u00e1ch a bohat\u00fdm arzen\u00e1lem techniky schopn\u00e9 fungovat bez dopracov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0extr\u00e9mn\u00edm chladu.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ehl\u00eddek v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed pravideln\u011b arktick\u00e9 modifikace rusk\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany: protiletadlov\u00fd raketov\u00fd komplex mal\u00e9ho dosahu Tor-M2DT, protiletadlov\u00fd raketov\u00fd a d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00fd komplex Pancir-SA a tak\u00e9 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed verze pomocn\u00fdch vozidel.<\/p>\n

Skoro v\u0161echna pozemn\u00ed technika pro arktick\u00fd region je smontov\u00e1na na z\u00e1klad\u011b dvou\u010dl\u00e1nkov\u00fdch p\u00e1sov\u00fdch ter\u00e9nn\u00edch vozidel DT-30 Vi\u0165az schopn\u00fdch fungovat za t\u0159eskut\u00fdch mraz\u016f (a\u017e minus 55 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia). N\u011bkter\u00e9 modifikace mohou p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat vodn\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky, co\u017e v\u00a0podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch neust\u00e1l\u00e9ho hromad\u011bn\u00ed ledov\u00fdch ker na severn\u00edm p\u00f3lu zna\u010dn\u011b zvy\u0161uje mobilitu. Nov\u00e9 Panciry a Tory kryj\u00ed oblasti dislokace protiletadlov\u00fdch raketov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f velk\u00e9ho dosahu\u00a0S-400, kter\u00e9 se v\u00a0Arktid\u011b um\u00eds\u0165uj\u00ed od roku 2015.<\/p>\n

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Jedine\u010dn\u00fd arzen\u00e1l m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 prvn\u00ed plnohodnotn\u00fd arktick\u00fd \u00fatvar pozemn\u00edch vojsk \u2013 80. samostatn\u00e1 motost\u0159eleck\u00e1 brig\u00e1da dislokovan\u00e1 v osad\u011b Alakurtti v Murmansk\u00e9 oblasti. P\u011bchota odoln\u00e1 proti mrazu si osvojuje mj. ter\u00e9nn\u00ed vozidla TREKOL schopn\u00e1 jezdit po sn\u011bhu a po ba\u017ein\u00e1ch, na kolech s obrovsk\u00fdmi pneumatikami velmi n\u00edzk\u00e9ho tlaku. Podobn\u00e1 vozidla nesni\u017euj\u00ed rychlost ani v \u010dlenit\u00e9m ter\u00e9nu.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Krom\u011b toho maj\u00ed voj\u00e1ci 80. brig\u00e1dy n\u00e1kladn\u00ed automobily Ural a KAMAZ s\u00a0pohonem v\u0161ech kol, vozidla jsou adaptovan\u00e1 na extr\u00e9mn\u00ed mrazy, sn\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sk\u00fatry TTM-1901 Berkut s\u00a0vyt\u00e1p\u011bnou kabinou a \u010dluny na vzduchov\u00e9m pol\u0161t\u00e1\u0159i. A tak\u00e9 ps\u00ed a sob\u00ed sp\u0159e\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0letech\u00a02. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky\u00a0sehr\u00e1la sp\u0159e\u017een\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou \u00falohu v\u00a0obran\u011b Arktidy. Psi a sobi p\u0159epravovali munici a vojensk\u00fd person\u00e1l k\u00a0m\u00edstu ur\u010den\u00ed. Zv\u00ed\u0159ata projdou tam, kde neprojede technika. Krom\u011b toho pro arktickou brig\u00e1du se vyv\u00edj\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed modifikace tank\u016f, bojov\u00fdch vozidel p\u011bchoty a vrtuln\u00edk\u016f \u2013 mj. Mi-8AMT\u0160-VA s\u00a0oh\u0159evem hlavn\u00edch agreg\u00e1t\u016f pohonn\u00e9 jednotky.<\/p>\n

Andrej Koc<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

USA se sna\u017e\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eit zaost\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed za Ruskem v Arktid\u011b. V t\u011bchto dnech americk\u00e1 Pozemn\u00ed vojska…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":787,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[116,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/786"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=786"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/786\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/787"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}