{"id":78560,"date":"2025-05-12T00:20:49","date_gmt":"2025-05-11T22:20:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=78560"},"modified":"2025-05-11T13:22:02","modified_gmt":"2025-05-11T11:22:02","slug":"globalni-ne-zapad-a-multipolarita","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/05\/12\/globalni-ne-zapad-a-multipolarita\/","title":{"rendered":"Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ne-Z\u00e1pad a multipolarita"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

A\u010dkoli sv\u011bt evidentn\u011b p\u0159estal b\u00fdt unipol\u00e1rn\u00ed, Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty se sna\u017e\u00ed udr\u017eet si sv\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje kontroly. Nav\u00edc, zat\u00edmco d\u0159\u00edve se tak d\u011blo zast\u0159en\u011b (koncept glob\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u016fdcovstv\u00ed a multilateralismu za Baracka Obamy), Donald Trump se rozhodl jednat agresivn\u011b a sv\u00fdmi prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edmi o Gr\u00f3nsku, Kanad\u011b, Panamsk\u00e9m pr\u016fplavu a dokonce i NATO vyvolal velk\u00fd rozruch, \u010d\u00edm\u017e oslabil vazby transatlantick\u00e9ho partnerstv\u00ed. T\u00edmto jedn\u00e1n\u00edm byly napadeny i n\u011bkter\u00e9 globalistick\u00e9 struktury: Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty vystoupily z WHO, neuzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed trestn\u00ed soud v Haagu (a Ma\u010farsko z t\u00e9to instituce vystoupilo den p\u0159edt\u00edm) a tak\u00e9 pozastavily financov\u00e1n\u00ed WTO a dal\u0161\u00edch mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch organizac\u00ed v r\u00e1mci jejich inspekc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto kroky jsou tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmo spojeny s rostouc\u00ed multipolaritou, kter\u00e1 navzdory geopolitick\u00fdm turbulenc\u00edm nab\u00edr\u00e1 na obr\u00e1tk\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak n\u011bkter\u00e9 instituce z\u00e1padn\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dominance, jako je Sv\u011btov\u00e1 banka a Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed m\u011bnov\u00fd fond, nad\u00e1le funguj\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho se Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty sna\u017e\u00ed pos\u00edlit bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed vazby, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e maj\u00ed jasnou dominanci nad partnerskou zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se tak st\u00e1v\u00e1 satelitem Washingtonu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Existuje mo\u017enost vzdorovat upadaj\u00edc\u00edmu hegemonovi a vytvo\u0159it \u010distou mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed agendu a nov\u00e1 pravidla? Historick\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a nov\u00e1 situace nakonec nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee i p\u0159es to, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vojenskou mocnost\u00ed a maj\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdhody v podob\u011b rezervn\u00ed m\u011bny tisknut\u00e9 Feder\u00e1ln\u00edm rezervn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem, tyto p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti existuj\u00ed a za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed b\u00fdt aktivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jednotliv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady, jako je odpor Severn\u00ed Koreje, ale i konfrontace s Kubou, Venezuelou, Nikaraguou a \u00cdr\u00e1nem, ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee existuje siln\u00e1 politick\u00e1 v\u016fle. Ne ka\u017ed\u00fd to v\u0161ak m\u00e1 a mnoho st\u0159edn\u00edch a mal\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f rad\u011bji sleduje mainstream. Hlavn\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou je tedy formov\u00e1n\u00ed dominantn\u00edho trendu. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011bji jde o pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed formov\u00e1n\u00ed multipolarity.<\/span><\/p>\n

Antikolonialismus, posilov\u00e1n\u00ed suverenity, technologick\u00fd rozvoj a poctiv\u00e1 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce jsou hlavn\u00edmi krit\u00e9rii klubu BRICS, kter\u00fd se roz\u0161i\u0159uje a p\u0159itahuje z\u00e1jem po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, a to jak na glob\u00e1ln\u00edm Jihu, tak na glob\u00e1ln\u00edm V\u00fdchod\u011b (druh\u00fd jmenovan\u00fd term\u00edn je relativn\u011b nov\u00fd, ale odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k polycentrick\u00e9mu sv\u011btov\u00e9mu \u0159\u00e1du).<\/span><\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco BRICS byly formov\u00e1ny podle parametr\u016f souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s ekonomick\u00fdm r\u016fstem, existuj\u00ed i \u200b\u200bjin\u00e1 sdru\u017een\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se dr\u017e\u00ed zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed pro formov\u00e1n\u00ed multipolarity.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edkladem takov\u00e9ho mezivl\u00e1dn\u00edho sdru\u017een\u00ed je skupina G-77, zalo\u017een\u00e1 v roce 1964, kter\u00e1 je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm seskupen\u00edm st\u00e1t\u016f uznan\u00fdm Organizac\u00ed spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b zahrnuje v\u00edce ne\u017e 130 zem\u00ed. A\u010dkoli se jeho administrativn\u00ed centrum nach\u00e1z\u00ed v New Yorku, jeliko\u017e se tam nach\u00e1z\u00ed i s\u00eddlo OSN, geograficky se drtiv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed G-77 nach\u00e1z\u00ed na ji\u017en\u00ed polokouli. V r\u00e1mci skupiny existuje tak\u00e9 form\u00e1t G-77+ \u010c\u00edna a tak\u00e9 projekt Jih-Jih.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do tohoto modelu zapad\u00e1 i Hnut\u00ed nez\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch zem\u00ed (NAM), kter\u00e9 zahrnuje 120 zem\u00ed, z nich\u017e mnoh\u00e9 jsou \u010dleny G-77.<\/span><\/p>\n

Existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 region\u00e1ln\u00ed struktury, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad ASEAN a SAARC v jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed a ji\u017en\u00ed Asii, Africk\u00e1 unie (AU) v Africe, Liga arabsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f (Liga arabsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f) na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b, CELAC, UNASUR a ALBA v Latinsk\u00e9 Americe a Euroasijsk\u00e1 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 unie v b\u00fdval\u00e9m Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu. Existuje tak\u00e9 Organizace isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 nadregion\u00e1ln\u00ed charakter a sd\u00edl\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 principy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch vazeb mezi v\u0161emi t\u011bmito strukturami se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t dal\u0161\u00edm katalyz\u00e1torem pro formov\u00e1n\u00ed multipolarity a sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed vlivu z\u00e1padn\u00ed hegemonie, kter\u00e1 se bude i nad\u00e1le sna\u017eit proniknout na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed Jih a glob\u00e1ln\u00ed V\u00fdchod prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch f\u00f3r a konferenc\u00ed (dialog \u0160angri-La v Singapuru, f\u00f3rum z Dauh\u00e1 atd.).<\/span><\/p>\n

Role Ruska v tomto procesu je tak\u00e9 velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1. Je v\u00fdznamn\u00e9, \u017ee speci\u00e1ln\u00ed vojensk\u00e1 operace dala procesu multipolarity zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed impuls. To se stalo obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b patrn\u00fdm po ni\u010div\u00fdch akc\u00edch Izraele v Palestin\u011b, kter\u00e9 se t\u011b\u0161ily podpo\u0159e Z\u00e1padu, a zejm\u00e9na Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Dokonce i zast\u00e1nci globalismu, zastoupen\u00ed n\u011bkolika americk\u00fdmi autory, si uv\u011bdomovali, \u017ee tento postoj zd\u016fraz\u0148uje dvojakost a pokrytectv\u00ed Z\u00e1padu v\u016f\u010di zbytku sv\u011bta.<\/span><\/p>\n

A zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 pozornost v\u011bnovan\u00e1 probl\u00e9mu obou konflikt\u016f pomohla identifikovat rusk\u00fd d\u016fvod: koneckonc\u016f, od pu\u010de na Ukrajin\u011b v roce 2014, \u0161lo zpo\u010d\u00e1tku o ochranu civilist\u016f a jejich pr\u00e1v, v\u010detn\u011b pr\u00e1va mluvit sv\u00fdm rodn\u00fdm jazykem. Izrael sice otev\u0159en\u011b p\u0159iznal, \u017ee m\u00e1 z\u00e1jem na etnick\u00e9m vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed domorod\u00e9ho obyvatelstva. To dalo ur\u010dit\u00e9 impulsy souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s historickou pam\u011bt\u00ed role \u00fasil\u00ed SSSR\/Ruska v boji proti nacismu a osvobozen\u00ed Evropy, \u00fasil\u00ed o boj proti rasov\u00e9 a jin\u00e9 diskriminaci (od dob Rusk\u00e9ho imp\u00e9ria); a na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b brut\u00e1ln\u00ed kolonialismus z\u00e1padn\u00edch zem\u00ed v Asii, Africe a Latinsk\u00e9 Americe: vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch zoologick\u00fdch zahrad s zotro\u010den\u00fdmi domorodci a, \u0159e\u010deno bez obalu, genocida mnoha n\u00e1rod\u016f, kter\u00e1 doned\u00e1vna pokra\u010dovala v podob\u011b aktivit nadn\u00e1rodn\u00edch spole\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011brem je t\u0159eba dodat, \u017ee cesta k multipolarit\u011b zahrnuje zni\u010den\u00ed diskurz\u016f vnucovan\u00fdch Z\u00e1padem. Koneckonc\u016f, rozd\u011blen\u00ed na prvn\u00ed, druh\u00fd a t\u0159et\u00ed sv\u011bt, stejn\u011b jako na rozvinut\u00e9 a rozvojov\u00e9 zem\u011b, je terminologie, kterou Z\u00e1pad tak\u00e9 zd\u016fraznil svou nad\u0159azenost a v\u00fdlu\u010dnost. A skute\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh se nenach\u00e1z\u00ed v encyklopedi\u00edch psan\u00fdch v Lond\u00fdn\u011b a Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei, ani v ukraden\u00fdch artefaktech uchov\u00e1van\u00fdch v muze\u00edch v z\u00e1padn\u00edch zem\u00edch. Pr\u00e1ce v\u011bdc\u016f z Bagd\u00e1du a Akka, Kuala Lumpuru a Petrohradu, La Platy a Nov\u00e9ho Dill\u00ed proto mus\u00ed tak\u00e9 zaujmout sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1voplatn\u00e9 m\u00edsto v pochopen\u00ed historick\u00e9ho procesu, v\u010detn\u011b jeho nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Koment\u00e1\u0159 od Leonida Savina<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Geopolitika<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A\u010dkoli sv\u011bt evidentn\u011b p\u0159estal b\u00fdt unipol\u00e1rn\u00ed, Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty se sna\u017e\u00ed udr\u017eet si sv\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje kontroly….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":78561,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[2181,279,5176,276],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78560"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78560"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78560\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/78561"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}