{"id":78435,"date":"2025-05-10T06:32:16","date_gmt":"2025-05-10T04:32:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=78435"},"modified":"2025-05-10T06:32:16","modified_gmt":"2025-05-10T04:32:16","slug":"raphael-machado-proc-je-den-vitezstvi-pro-rusy-stale-tak-dulezity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/05\/10\/raphael-machado-proc-je-den-vitezstvi-pro-rusy-stale-tak-dulezity\/","title":{"rendered":"Raphael Machado: Pro\u010d je Den v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed pro Rusy st\u00e1le tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 zem\u011b nebere p\u0159ipom\u00ednku v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad nacistick\u00fdm N\u011bmeckem ve druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce se stejnou v\u00e1\u017enost\u00ed jako Rusko.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 zem\u011b nebere oslavu v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad nacistick\u00fdm N\u011bmeckem ve druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce se stejnou v\u00e1\u017enost\u00ed jako Rusko. Rusov\u00e9 maj\u00ed pro tuto ud\u00e1lost dokonce zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, jedine\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1zev: Velk\u00e1 vlasteneck\u00e1 v\u00e1lka \u2013 n\u00e1zev, kter\u00fd okam\u017eit\u011b evokuje z\u0159eteln\u011b rusk\u00fd v\u00fdznam, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 si p\u0159ej\u00ed, aby jej uzn\u00e1valy i jin\u00e9 n\u00e1rody.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1 sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka byla nejni\u010div\u011bj\u0161\u00edm konfliktem v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch lidstva. Ve sv\u00e9m hegemonn\u00edm projektu nacistick\u00e9 N\u011bmecko okupovalo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 celou Evropu s c\u00edlem mimo jin\u00e9 zajistit rasovou nad\u0159azenost pro ty, kter\u00e9 pova\u017eovalo za sou\u010d\u00e1st \u201e\u00e1rijsk\u00e9 rasy\u201c. V roce 1941 Hitler napadl Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e k ospravedln\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00fdch snah o zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Lebensraum im Osten (\u201e\u017eivotn\u00ed prostor na v\u00fdchod\u011b\u201c) pro budouc\u00ed n\u011bmeckou kolonizaci vyu\u017eil vojensk\u00e9 p\u0159esuny na \u00fazem\u00ed SSSR.<\/p>\n

Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 v\u00edtali invazi s optimismem \u2013 kv\u016fli \u00fanav\u011b z komunismu \u2013 ale rychle se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee N\u011bmci nep\u0159i\u0161li osvobodit Slovany, ale podmanit si je, zni\u010dit a vyhnat z jejich rodov\u00e9 zem\u011b.<\/p>\n

O \u010dty\u0159i roky pozd\u011bji v\u0161ak Sov\u011bti vpochodovali do zni\u010den\u00e9ho Berl\u00edna. Hitler byl mrtv\u00fd. Nacistick\u00e1 vl\u00e1da se hroutila. Druh\u00e1 sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka \u2013 neboli Velk\u00e1 vlasteneck\u00e1 v\u00e1lka \u2013 skon\u010dila. P\u0159esto to nen\u00ed dojem, kter\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk z\u00edsk\u00e1 z hollywoodsk\u00fdch film\u016f, jako je Zachra\u0148te voj\u00edna Ryana.<\/p>\n

V z\u00e1padn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00edch, kultu\u0159e a historick\u00fdch knih\u00e1ch se za por\u00e1\u017eku N\u011bmecka pova\u017euje vylod\u011bn\u00ed atlantsk\u00fdch vojsk na pl\u00e1\u017e\u00edch Normandie v den D. Od d\u011btstv\u00ed se lidem v\u0161t\u011bpuje, \u017ee d\u00edky USA \u201esv\u011bt nemluv\u00ed n\u011bmecky\u201c.<\/p>\n

Realita je ale \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e1 \u2013 sta\u010d\u00ed se pod\u00edvat na \u010d\u00edsla.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 75\u201380 % n\u011bmeck\u00fdch ob\u011bt\u00ed b\u011bhem v\u00e1lky se odehr\u00e1lo na v\u00fdchodn\u00ed front\u011b. SSSR zp\u016fsobil n\u011bmeck\u00fdm voj\u00e1k\u016fm v\u00edce ne\u017e 3 miliony ob\u011bt\u00ed (zabit\u00fdch, zran\u011bn\u00fdch nebo zajat\u00fdch) z celkov\u00fdch 4,5 milionu ztr\u00e1t N\u011bmecka. Tato \u010d\u00edsla se zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt pro vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed debaty rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nikdo nepop\u00edr\u00e1, \u017ee z\u00e1padn\u00ed vylod\u011bn\u00ed v Normandii sehr\u00e1lo v\u00fdznamnou roli. T\u00edm, \u017ee donutilo N\u011bmecko v\u00e9st v\u00e1lku na dvou front\u00e1ch a odklonilo \u010d\u00e1st jeho sil z v\u00fdchodu na z\u00e1pad, p\u0159isp\u011bla z\u00e1padn\u00ed ofenz\u00edva k v\u00fdsledku konfliktu. Tento z\u00e1padn\u00ed tlak v\u0161ak za\u010dal a\u017e v roce 1944, kdy Sov\u011bti ji\u017e tla\u010dili N\u011bmce zp\u011bt k jejich p\u016fvodn\u00edm hranic\u00edm. Pouze ideologick\u00e1 slepota mohla n\u011bkoho v\u00e9st k tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee toto vylod\u011bn\u00ed \u2013 sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e sov\u011btsk\u00e1 v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed u Stalingradu, Charkova, Kurska a d\u00e1le \u2013 vedlo k Hitlerov\u011b p\u00e1du.<\/p>\n

Bitvy jako Stalingrad (1942-1943) a Kursk (1943) byly rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edmi zlomov\u00fdmi body, kdy Rud\u00e1 arm\u00e1da nejen zastavila nacistick\u00fd postup, ale tak\u00e9 zah\u00e1jila protiofenz\u00edvu, kter\u00e1 skon\u010dila p\u00e1dem Berl\u00edna. U Stalingradu Sov\u011bti obkl\u00ed\u010dili a zni\u010dili n\u011bmeckou 6. arm\u00e1du, co\u017e znamenalo prvn\u00ed velkou por\u00e1\u017eku Wehrmachtu. U Kurska \u2013 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed tankov\u00e9 bitvy v historii \u2013 SSSR zni\u010dil Hitlerovy posledn\u00ed nad\u011bje na strategick\u00e9 v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ale jakou cenu zaplatili Sov\u011bti?<\/p>\n

27 milion\u016f mrtv\u00fdch, voj\u00e1k\u016f i civilist\u016f (a\u010dkoli v\u011bt\u0161inou civilist\u016f), podle nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch odhad\u016f.<\/p>\n

To p\u0159edstavuje zhruba 17 % sov\u011btsk\u00e9 populace. N\u011bkter\u00e9 regiony, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad dne\u0161n\u00ed B\u011blorusko, ztratily p\u0159es 25 % sv\u00fdch obyvatel. Ukrajina utrp\u011bla ztr\u00e1ty podobn\u00e9ho rozsahu.<\/p>\n

Rusko ji\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dv\u011b desetilet\u00ed po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd Den v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed pochod \u201eNesmrteln\u00fd pluk\u201c, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m ob\u010dan\u00e9 nesou fotografie p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch, kte\u0159\u00ed se z\u00fa\u010dastnili Velk\u00e9 vlasteneck\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Tento mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b popul\u00e1rn\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fd vzpom\u00ednkov\u00fd ritu\u00e1l se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Pro\u010d m\u00e1 v rusk\u00e9m pov\u011bdom\u00ed takov\u00fd v\u00fdznam? Proto\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 rusk\u00e1 rodina m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 \u2013 prarodi\u010de, praprarodi\u010de, str\u00fdce \u2013 kte\u0159\u00ed ve v\u00e1lce zem\u0159eli. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 rusk\u00e1 rodina se touto trag\u00e9di\u00ed nevyhnula.<\/p>\n

Pro Rusy je druh\u00e1 sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka Velkou vlasteneckou v\u00e1lkou, proto\u017ee to byl okam\u017eik nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pro jejich samotnou existenci jako n\u00e1roda. \u010celili mo\u017enosti zni\u010den\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b por\u00e1\u017eky. P\u0159esto jim z ruin sv\u00e9 zem\u011b, skrze krev, pot a slzy, v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad N\u011bmeckem zajistilo p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n

A jak se sv\u011bt Rus\u016fm za tuto ob\u011b\u0165 odvd\u011b\u010dil?<\/p>\n

P\u0159ed rokem 2022 v\u011bt\u0161inou s lhostejnost\u00ed, ignoranc\u00ed a fal\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm historie. Od roku 2022 s nen\u00e1vist\u00ed, rasismem, pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00edm a ru\u0161en\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Toto je velk\u00e9 zklam\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 Rusov\u00e9 c\u00edt\u00ed v\u016f\u010di modern\u00edmu sv\u011btu. Rozhl\u00ed\u017eej\u00ed se kolem sebe a vid\u00ed, \u017ee jejich nesm\u00edrn\u00e1 ob\u011b\u0165 nen\u00ed respektov\u00e1na tak, jak by m\u011bla b\u00fdt \u2013 alespo\u0148 na Z\u00e1pad\u011b.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto 80 let po sv\u00e9m v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad smrt\u00ed, a\u010dkoli postoj Z\u00e1padu k rusk\u00e9mu hrdinstv\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161et zklam\u00e1n\u00ed a ho\u0159kost, Rusov\u00e9 nec\u00edt\u00ed nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e hrdost na sebe a na \u010diny sv\u00fdch p\u0159edk\u016f.<\/p>\n

\n

Why is Victory Day still so important for Russians today?<\/a>\u00a0vy\u0161el 8.5.2025 na Strategic Culture. Vybral a p\u0159elo\u017eil Zv\u011bdavec.<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 zem\u011b nebere p\u0159ipom\u00ednku v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad nacistick\u00fdm N\u011bmeckem ve druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce se stejnou…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":53670,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[2375,1503,1056,22],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78435"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78435"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78435\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/53670"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78435"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78435"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78435"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}