{"id":78398,"date":"2025-05-10T00:12:04","date_gmt":"2025-05-09T22:12:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=78398"},"modified":"2025-05-09T12:03:26","modified_gmt":"2025-05-09T10:03:26","slug":"vzestup-cinskych-biotechnologii-jak-trumpova-celni-politika-urychluje-globalni-posun-moci-ve-farmaceutickem-prumyslu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/05\/10\/vzestup-cinskych-biotechnologii-jak-trumpova-celni-politika-urychluje-globalni-posun-moci-ve-farmaceutickem-prumyslu\/","title":{"rendered":"Vzestup \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch biotechnologi\u00ed: Jak Trumpova celn\u00ed politika urychluje glob\u00e1ln\u00ed posun moci ve farmaceutick\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb4c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content\" data-id=\"1fb4c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-content.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p><span>V roce 2024 dos\u00e1hla \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost BeiGene historick\u00e9ho miln\u00edku: z\u00edskala schv\u00e1len\u00ed od americk\u00e9ho \u00da\u0159adu pro kontrolu potravin a l\u00e9\u010div (FDA) pro l\u00e9k proti rakovin\u011b, kter\u00fd sama vyvinula \u2013 rychleji ne\u017e mnoho americk\u00fdch konkurent\u016f. Tento pr\u016flom p\u0159edstavuje vyvrcholen\u00ed desetilet\u00ed trvaj\u00edc\u00ed transformace: od v\u00fdrobce generick\u00fdch l\u00e9\u010div ke glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu biotechnologick\u00e9mu inov\u00e1torovi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ale co zp\u016fsobilo tento vzestup? Dokonal\u00e1 bou\u0159e c\u00edlen\u00e9 vl\u00e1dn\u00ed politiky, masivn\u00edch investic \u2013 a paradoxn\u011b celn\u00edch v\u00e1lek za Donalda Trumpa. Zat\u00edmco Trumpovo druh\u00e9 funk\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed nyn\u00ed s sebou p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cla, \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd biotechnologick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl je pod kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdm tlakem, ale situaci vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k tomu, aby se znovu etabloval jako sob\u011bsta\u010dn\u00e1 s\u00edla.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Od imit\u00e1tora ke glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu inov\u00e1torovi<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>\u010c\u00ednsk\u00fd biotechnologick\u00fd sektor pro\u0161el radik\u00e1ln\u00edmi zm\u011bnami. Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed iniciativy jako\u00a0<\/span><em><span>Made in China 2025<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span><em><span>Healthy China 2030<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u011b na biofarmacii jako strategickou oblast pro budoucnost. Z\u00e1klad polo\u017eily ro\u010dn\u00ed investice ve v\u00fd\u0161i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 100 miliard dolar\u016f, \u0161t\u011bdr\u00e9 dotace a masivn\u00ed rizikov\u00fd kapit\u00e1l.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>V \u010c\u00edn\u011b dnes p\u016fsob\u00ed p\u0159es 1 500 biotechnologick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed. L\u00edd\u0159i v oboru, jako jsou BeiGene a WuXi Biologics, v\u00e1\u017en\u011b konkuruj\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00edm farmaceutick\u00fdm gigant\u016fm. V\u00edce ne\u017e 10 000 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed absolvovali z\u00e1padn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 l\u00e1skypln\u011b jim \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed \u201emo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u017eelvy\u201c \u2013 si dom\u016f p\u0159ivezlo sv\u00e9 znalosti kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed, jako je mRNA, CRISPR a CAR-T.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Oblast rizikov\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1lu tak\u00e9 za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 boom: v roce 2024 nateklo do \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch biotechnologick\u00fdch startup\u016f 15 miliard americk\u00fdch dolar\u016f, co\u017e nyn\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje 22 % celosv\u011btov\u00e9ho financov\u00e1n\u00ed biotechnologick\u00e9ho rizikov\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1lu \u2013 v\u00edce ne\u017e v Evrop\u011b. Reformy \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho regula\u010dn\u00edho org\u00e1nu NMPA drasticky zkr\u00e1tily dobu zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed: nov\u00e9 l\u00e9ky jsou nyn\u00ed schvalov\u00e1ny za 1\u20132 roky nam\u00edsto p\u0159edchoz\u00edch 6\u20138 let.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Trumpovo prvn\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed: Nezam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fd katalyz\u00e1tor<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Trumpova cla na zdravotnick\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed \u2013 25 % na laboratorn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje \u2013 urychlila lokalizaci v\u00fdroby v \u010c\u00edn\u011b. Spole\u010dnosti jako BGI nahradily americk\u00e9 technologie vlastn\u00edmi produkty. Pandemie COVID-19 tak\u00e9 odhalila slabiny z\u00e1padn\u00edch dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f a dala glob\u00e1ln\u00ed impuls \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm vakc\u00edn\u00e1m, jako je Sinovac.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Americk\u00e9 sankce proti technologick\u00fdm spole\u010dnostem, jako je Huawei, p\u0159im\u011bly \u010c\u00ednu k masivn\u00edm investic\u00edm do vlastn\u00edch inova\u010dn\u00edch kapacit. Nap\u0159\u00edklad spole\u010dnost WuXi Biologics zv\u00fd\u0161ila svou nez\u00e1vislost na americk\u00fdch dodavatel\u00edch a vybudovala si glob\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kaznickou z\u00e1kladnu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Do roku 2021 m\u011bla \u010c\u00edna deset l\u00e9k\u016f schv\u00e1len\u00fdch FDA \u2013 co\u017e je obrovsk\u00fd skok oproti nule v roce 2015.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Trumpovo druh\u00e9 funk\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed: Cla jako dvouse\u010dn\u00e1 zbra\u0148<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Nov\u00e9 kolo cel zp\u016fsobuje kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 naru\u0161en\u00ed: Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, jako jsou sekven\u00e1tory Illumina, jsou nyn\u00ed v \u010c\u00edn\u011b o 60 % dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed a d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly jsou m\u00e9n\u011b dostupn\u00e9. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 to posiluje odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed \u010c\u00edny k nez\u00e1vislosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Spole\u010dnosti jako BGI a MGI Tech roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed produkci a WuXi si klade za c\u00edl do roku 2027 vyr\u00e1b\u011bt 90 % sv\u00fdch bioreaktor\u016f sama. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 biosimil\u00e1rn\u00ed l\u00e9ky podkop\u00e1vaj\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed origin\u00e1ly a\u017e o 50 %. Strategick\u00e9 aliance, nap\u0159\u00edklad v Africe a zem\u00edch ASEANu, pom\u00e1haj\u00ed obch\u00e1zet obchodn\u00ed bari\u00e9ry.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u010c\u00edna si sv\u00fdm programem \u201eBiotech Moonshot\u201c v hodnot\u011b 200 miliard dolar\u016f klade za c\u00edl st\u00e1t se do roku 2030 l\u00eddrem v oblasti mRNA, v\u00fdvoje l\u00e9\u010div s pomoc\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence a syntetick\u00e9 biologie.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Nov\u00fd glob\u00e1ln\u00ed farmaceutick\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Vzestup \u010c\u00edny z\u00e1sadn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed farmaceutick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Podle spole\u010dnosti McKinsey by biosimil\u00e1rn\u00ed l\u00e9ky z \u010c\u00edny mohly sn\u00ed\u017eit celosv\u011btov\u00e9 ceny l\u00e9k\u016f o 20\u201330 %.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>\u010c\u00edna bude v budoucnu dominovat produkci vakc\u00edn: do roku 2025 vyveze p\u0159es 3 miliardy d\u00e1vek.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>V genetick\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu se \u010c\u00edna d\u00edky liber\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159edpis\u016fm protahuje: prob\u00edh\u00e1 p\u0159es 100 studi\u00ed CRISPR, co\u017e je dvakr\u00e1t tolik ne\u017e v USA.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>V\u00fdvoj l\u00e9\u010div \u0159\u00edzen\u00fd um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed ji\u017e zkracuje dobu v\u00fdvoje o 40 %.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>V biotechnologi\u00edch se objevuje nov\u00e1 \u201estuden\u00e1 v\u00e1lka\u201c: USA zp\u0159\u00eds\u0148uj\u00ed kontroly v\u00fdvozu, zat\u00edmco \u010c\u00edna \u2013 jako nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00fd producent aktivn\u00edch farmaceutick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek \u2013 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 novou v\u00fdhodu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 farmaceutick\u00e1 ofenziva by nav\u00edc mohla m\u00edt geopolitick\u00e9 d\u016fsledky: Afrika a Latinsk\u00e1 Amerika se st\u00e1le v\u00edce p\u0159esouvaj\u00ed do sf\u00e9ry vlivu Pekingu.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Z\u00e1pad je na k\u0159i\u017eovatce<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Trumpova cla \u017eenou \u010c\u00ednu k nez\u00e1vislosti \u2013 a vyv\u00edjej\u00ed tlak na z\u00e1padn\u00ed farmaceutick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, aby jednal. USA a EU by mohly reagovat takto:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Masivn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it investice do v\u00fdzkumu a v\u00fdvoje zalo\u017een\u00e9 na um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Zrychlete schvalovac\u00ed postupy<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>diverzifikovat strategick\u00e9 dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Budoucnost biotechnologi\u00ed bude dvojjazy\u010dn\u00e1 \u2013 angli\u010dtina a mandar\u00edn\u0161tina. Z\u00e1pad se nyn\u00ed mus\u00ed rozhodnout: odd\u011blen\u00ed, nebo inovace?<\/span><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n<p><strong><span>Zdroje:<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0CB Insights (2024), McKinsey (2023), Nature Biotechnology (2024), Bloomberg (2025)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c57238 quelle dc-has-condition dc-condition-empty elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8c57238\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trialsitenews.com\/a\/the-rise-of-chinese-biotech-how-trumps-tariff-wars-are-accelerating-a-global-pharmaceutical-power-shift-53723475\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V roce 2024 dos\u00e1hla \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost BeiGene historick\u00e9ho miln\u00edku: z\u00edskala schv\u00e1len\u00ed od americk\u00e9ho \u00da\u0159adu pro&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":78399,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1963,3762,30],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78398"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78398"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78398\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/78399"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78398"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78398"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78398"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}