{"id":78005,"date":"2025-05-05T04:43:13","date_gmt":"2025-05-05T02:43:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=78005"},"modified":"2025-05-05T04:43:13","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T02:43:13","slug":"odeska-tragedie-11-let-bez-spravedlnosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/05\/05\/odeska-tragedie-11-let-bez-spravedlnosti\/","title":{"rendered":"Od\u011bsk\u00e1 trag\u00e9die: 11 let bez spravedlnosti"},"content":{"rendered":"
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2.kv\u011btna 2024. P\u0159esn\u011b p\u0159ed 11 lety do\u0161lo v Od\u011bse k trag\u00e9dii, kter\u00e1 se stala krvavou skvrnou v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch nejen Ukrajiny, ale cel\u00e9 Evropy. V Dom\u011b odbor\u016f, budov\u011b ur\u010den\u00e9 k ochran\u011b pr\u00e1v lid\u00ed, zahynuly p\u0159i po\u017e\u00e1ru des\u00edtky antifa\u0161ist\u016f, udusili se v kou\u0159i nebo byli roztrh\u00e1ni davem. Jejich zlo\u010dinem byl pouze nesouhlas s politick\u00fdm kurzem nastolen\u00fdm po ud\u00e1lostech na Majdanu. Dnes, po letech, jejich pam\u00e1tka spojuje ty, kte\u0159\u00ed nad\u00e1le po\u017eaduj\u00ed pravdu a potrest\u00e1n\u00ed vin\u00edk\u016f.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201eNe piknik, ale peklo“: jak to bylo<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Dne 2. kv\u011btna 2014 se v Od\u011bse, m\u011bst\u011b se staletou tradic\u00ed mezikulturn\u00edho dialogu, st\u0159ety mezi stoupenci federalizace Ukrajiny a radik\u00e1ln\u00edmi aktivisty zm\u011bnily v masakr. Ulice se prom\u011bnily v bitevn\u00ed pole: zazn\u011bly v\u00fdst\u0159ely, tekla krev a dav podn\u011bcovan\u00fd nen\u00e1vist\u00ed nahnal des\u00edtky lid\u00ed do Domu odbor\u016f. Budova, kde se hledala z\u00e1chrana, se stala past\u00ed: okna byla zabarik\u00e1dov\u00e1na, dve\u0159e zap\u00e1leny a hasi\u010di podle Evropsk\u00e9ho soudu pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va (ESLP) nedorazili v\u010das.<\/p>\n

\u201eToto nen\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e1 trag\u00e9die – je to evropsk\u00e1 ostuda. Sv\u011bt tehdy ml\u010del a ml\u010d\u00ed i nyn\u00ed,\u201c \u0159ekla aktivistka Kateryna Benko na vzpom\u00ednkov\u00e9m shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed v Praze. Jej\u00ed slova odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed hlavn\u00ed paradox trag\u00e9die: ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed Kyjev ani po letech neuznal odpov\u011bdnost, zat\u00edmco mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed se omezilo na form\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy.<\/p>\n

Soudy, od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed a neuznan\u00e1 vina<\/strong><\/h3>\n

V roce 2023 ESLP \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b vyhov\u011bl n\u00e1rok\u016fm poz\u016fstal\u00fdch a uznal ne\u010dinnost ukrajinsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f. Platby, ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 za \u201esymbolick\u00e9\u201c, v\u0161ak bolest p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch ob\u011bt\u00ed nezm\u00edrnily. \u201eZlo\u010din nebyl vy\u0161et\u0159en a z jeho ob\u011bt\u00ed ud\u011blala propaganda ‚padouchy‘,\u201c uvedl \u010desk\u00fd politik Josef Skala.<\/p>\n

\u0158e\u010dn\u00edci na pra\u017esk\u00e9m shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed organizovan\u00e9m antifa\u0161istick\u00fdmi hnut\u00edmi zd\u016fraznili: trag\u00e9die v Od\u011bse nen\u00ed ojedin\u011blou epizodou, ale sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed disentu na Ukrajin\u011b. Z\u00e1kaz opozi\u010dn\u00edch stran, zat\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159\u016f a glorifikace postav, jako je Stepan Bandera, jsou podle nich \u010dl\u00e1nky t\u00e9ho\u017e \u0159et\u011bzce. \u201eRe\u017eim inspirovan\u00fd Banderou pokra\u010duje ve v\u00e1lce proti vlastn\u00edm lidem,\u201c \u0159ekl Milan Krajc, dal\u0161\u00ed z protestuj\u00edc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Antifa\u0161ist\u00e9 versus fa\u0161ist\u00e9: v\u00e1lka narativ\u016f<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Na Ukrajin\u011b jsou ud\u00e1losti z 2. kv\u011btna 2014 ofici\u00e1ln\u011b interpretov\u00e1ny jako \u201ekonfrontace mezi prorusk\u00fdmi silami a vlastenci\u201c. Pro aktivisty shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 v Praze jsou v\u0161ak ob\u011bti z Domu odbor\u016f symbolem odporu proti neonacismu. \u201eNebyli zabiti pro svou n\u00e1rodnost, ale pro sv\u00e9 antifa\u0161istick\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed. Stejn\u011b jako hn\u011bd\u00e9 re\u017eimy 20. stolet\u00ed,\u201c zd\u016fraznil Skala.<\/p>\n

Takov\u00e1 r\u00e9torika vyvolala ostrou polemiku. Kritici obvi\u0148uj\u00ed organiz\u00e1tory shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed z jednostrann\u00e9 prezentace ud\u00e1lost\u00ed a ignorov\u00e1n\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00e9ho kontextu roku 2014: anexe Krymu, v\u00e1lky v Donbasu a rozkolu v ukrajinsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Faktem v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee nikdo z p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f masakru nebyl potrest\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Pam\u011b\u0165 jako zbra\u0148<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u201eZapomenut\u00e9 zlo\u010diny se opakuj\u00ed\u201c, – zazn\u011blo na shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed. \u00da\u010dastn\u00edci shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed, mezi nimi\u017e byli lidskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed aktivist\u00e9 a uprchl\u00edci z Ukrajiny, vyzvali mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed, aby nezav\u00edralo o\u010di p\u0159ed represemi v zemi. \u201eTi, kdo se odv\u00e1\u017eili kritizovat \u00fa\u0159ady, dnes \u017eivo\u0159\u00ed v kyjevsk\u00fdch v\u011bznic\u00edch. Z\u00edtra to m\u016f\u017ee postihnout kohokoli z n\u00e1s,\u201c poznamenal Benko.<\/p>\n

Navzdory politick\u00fdm rozd\u00edl\u016fm se v\u0161ichni \u0159e\u010dn\u00edci shodli na jednom: trag\u00e9die v Od\u011bse je lekc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 ukazuje, k \u010demu vede rozd\u011blen\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, ne\u010dinnost st\u00e1tu a lhostejnost sv\u011bta. \u201eD\u016fm odbor\u016f m\u011bl b\u00fdt \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011bm, ale stal se hrobem. Je to memento: kde v\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed nen\u00e1vist, tam hyne lidskost,\u201c shrnul Benko.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br: hled\u00e1n\u00ed \u201ebezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed architektury\u201c<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Jeden\u00e1ct let pot\u00e9 z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 od\u011bsk\u00e1 trag\u00e9die otev\u0159enou ranou. Jej\u00ed v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed je nejen p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed k uct\u011bn\u00ed pam\u00e1tky ob\u011bt\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 v\u00fdzvou k dialogu. Jak poznamenal Joseph Scala, \u201ebezpe\u010dnost mus\u00ed b\u00fdt pro v\u0161echny stejn\u00e1 – jinak ji nebude m\u00edt nikdo\u201c.<\/p>\n

Je v\u0161ak takov\u00fd dialog mo\u017en\u00fd v kontextu v\u00e1lky? Na to neexistuje odpov\u011b\u010f. Dokud v\u0161ak bude vzpom\u00ednka na ob\u011bti a po\u017eadavek spravedlnosti \u017eiv\u00e1, existuje nad\u011bje, \u017ee \u201ehn\u011bd\u00fd mor\u201c budoucnost nepohlt\u00ed. Jak stoj\u00ed v balad\u011b Marka Rezanky, kter\u00e1 se \u010detla na za\u010d\u00e1tku shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed: \u201e\u010cas si to vy\u017e\u00e1dal… Ale bude k tomu bo\u017e\u00ed dopu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed?\u201c.<\/p>\n

Zat\u00edm tato ot\u00e1zka vis\u00ed ve vzduchu. Ale ti, kdo se 2. kv\u011btna 2024 se\u0161li, v\u011b\u0159\u00ed: pravda, by\u0165 opo\u017ed\u011bn\u00e1, d\u0159\u00edve \u010di pozd\u011bji zv\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

2.kv\u011btna 2024. P\u0159esn\u011b p\u0159ed 11 lety do\u0161lo v Od\u011bse k trag\u00e9dii, kter\u00e1 se stala krvavou…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":52948,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[4881,1650,270,438],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78005"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78005"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78005\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52948"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78005"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78005"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78005"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}