{"id":77589,"date":"2025-04-29T05:18:05","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T03:18:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=77589"},"modified":"2025-04-29T05:18:05","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T03:18:05","slug":"petr-sak-sehrany-tym-medii-vyzkumnych-a-zpravodajskych-agentur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/04\/29\/petr-sak-sehrany-tym-medii-vyzkumnych-a-zpravodajskych-agentur\/","title":{"rendered":"Petr Sak: Sehran\u00fd t\u00fdm m\u00e9di\u00ed, v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch a zpravodajsk\u00fdch agentur"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Docent Petr Sak sleduje manipulativn\u00ed kampan\u011b v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00edch, jejich organizovanost, na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0c\u00edl.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pokud bychom znali dr\u00e1hu st\u0159epin gran\u00e1tu, identifikovali bychom m\u00edsto v\u00fdbuchu. Podobn\u011b to je s m\u00e9dii, pouze se nejedn\u00e1 o st\u0159epiny, ale o tvrzen\u00ed (v\u00fdroky). P\u0159i spont\u00e1nn\u00ed reakci m\u00e9di\u00ed na re\u00e1lnou ud\u00e1lost, medi\u00e1ln\u00ed sc\u00e9na je v\u00fdroky vypov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edmi o ud\u00e1losti pokryta jinak, ne\u017e kdy\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o propagandisticky, manipulativn\u011b p\u0159ipravenou kampa\u0148. Kampa\u0148 se vyzna\u010duje \u010dasovou shodou a stejn\u00fdm obsahem, \u010dasto i vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00fdm stejn\u00fdmi slovy.\u00a0 V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b spont\u00e1nn\u00ed reakce nikdy k t\u00e9to shod\u011b nedojde.<\/p>\n

U\u010debnicov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem takov\u00e9 kampan\u011b, v\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e ve shod\u011b figuruj\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 agentury a\u00a0m\u00e9dia je prezentace v\u00fdsledk\u016f v\u00fdzkum\u016f volebn\u00edch preferenc\u00ed. Pom\u011brn\u011b ned\u00e1vno, jako na povel, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny \u010dl\u00e1nky za\u010daly m\u00edt titulek \u201eANO oslabilo\u201c a\u00a0ve stejn\u00e9m duchu se odv\u00edjej\u00ed televizn\u00ed a\u00a0rozhlasov\u00e9 po\u0159ady. \u010cten\u00e1\u0159 \u010di\u00a0poslucha\u010d a\u00a0div\u00e1k by o\u010dek\u00e1val propad alespo\u0148 o\u00a010\u00a0%, ve skute\u010dnosti se preference ANO pohybuj\u00ed st\u00e1le mezi 31 a\u00a035 procent. Podle titulk\u016f by za dobu oslabov\u00e1n\u00ed ji\u017e muselo ANO zmizet z\u00a0v\u00fdzkum\u016f i\u00a0z\u00a0voleb. Ve skute\u010dnosti pohyb preferenc\u00ed charakterizuje sp\u00ed\u0161e pojem oscilace. Preference osciluj\u00ed zhruba kolem 33\u00a0%. T\u0159i procenta z\u00a034\u00a0% jsou \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e1 procenta ne\u017e z\u00a0dvou procent TOP 09.<\/p>\n

Ov\u0161em spin doktor\u016fm, market\u00e9r\u016fm a propagandist\u016fm nejde o v\u00fdsti\u017enou interpretaci v\u00fdsledk\u016f, ale o vyu\u017eit\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f k indoktrinaci voli\u010d\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed si ani nemus\u00ed p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst \u010dl\u00e1nek a analyzovat v\u00fdsledky. Do hlavy se mu dostane \u201eANO oslabuje\u201c a v podv\u011bdom\u00ed si z toho za\u010dne vyvozovat dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011bry oslabuj\u00edc\u00ed ANO a zpochyb\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed jeho volbu.<\/p>\n

Manipulativn\u00ed charakter m\u00e1 p\u0159i\u00a0interpretaci v\u00fdsledk\u016f tak\u00e9 zd\u016fraz\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed volebn\u00edch preferenc\u00ed v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti na vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed. Respondenti s\u00a0vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fdm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm preferuj\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00ed strany. Vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed rovnom\u011brn\u011b rozlo\u017eeno ve v\u011bkov\u00fdch skupin\u00e1ch, s\u00a0vysokou pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0fale\u0161nou korelaci.<\/p>\n

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Podobn\u00fd model jako u Hnut\u00ed Ano m\u016f\u017eeme pozorovat ve vztahu k Donaldu Trumpovi. Po jeho n\u00e1stupu k moci jsme mohli sledovat rozpa\u010dit\u00e9 zd\u011b\u0161en\u00ed a \u00fatlum m\u00e9di\u00ed a politik\u016f. Po ur\u010dit\u00e9 dob\u011b, op\u011bt jako na povel, m\u00e9dia a politici jednohlasn\u011b za\u010dali Donalda Trumpa hanobit. To, \u010demu m\u00e9dia \u0159\u00edkala anal\u00fdza, byla \u010dernob\u00edl\u00e1 propaganda, v n\u00ed\u017e byl Donald Trump snad v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed netvor ne\u017e Vladim\u00edr Putin. Tak jako u jin\u00fdch t\u00e9mat, skute\u010dn\u00e1 anal\u00fdza politiky Donalda Trumpa zcela absentovala. Po proveden\u00e9 propagandistick\u00e9 kampani byly provedeny v\u00fdzkumy zkoumaj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1zory \u010desk\u00e9 populace na Donalda Trumpa, kter\u00e9 byly do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry negativn\u00ed. Ov\u0161em tato n\u00e1zorov\u00e1 hladina je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm otisk kampan\u011b m\u00e9di\u00ed a politik\u016f a v\u00fdzkumy vlastn\u011b zji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed efektivitu t\u00e9to propagandy. Kdo chce z\u00edskat validn\u00ed poznatky o sou\u010dasn\u00e9 americk\u00e9 politice mus\u00ed se vyhnout \u010desk\u00e9mu medi\u00e1ln\u00edmu mainstreamu a sledovat zahrani\u010dn\u00ed m\u00e9dia.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed metoda manipulace a\u00a0propagandy stoj\u00ed na spolupr\u00e1ci m\u00e9di\u00ed a\u00a0zpravodajsk\u00fdch slu\u017eeb. Z\u00a0centra, o\u00a0kter\u00e9m v\u00edme, \u017ee nen\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cesku, jsou vys\u00edl\u00e1ny pokyny o\u00a0vyu\u017eit\u00ed zpravodajsk\u00fdch slu\u017eeb. Tato sm\u011brnice se odkryla p\u0159i\u00a0likvidaci demokracie v\u00a0Rumunsku. Evropsk\u00e1 demokracie je ve f\u00e1zi, kdy jak\u00fdkoliv prost\u0159edek je p\u0159ijateln\u00fd pro udr\u017een\u00ed moci. Jak uvedl viceprezident USA J. D. Vance nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hrozbou pro evropskou demokracii a\u00a0evropsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty je sama Evropsk\u00e1 unie.<\/p>\n

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Desetilet\u00ed unikaj\u00ed z BIS k vybran\u00fdm novin\u00e1\u0159\u016fm informace a nikdo s t\u00edm nic ned\u011bl\u00e1. Co d\u011bl\u00e1 nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd org\u00e1n, co d\u011bl\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd parlamentn\u00ed v\u00fdbor? Nebo snad jsou \u0159\u00edzeni oni BIS? Metoda zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby + m\u00e9dia se aktu\u00e1ln\u011b uk\u00e1zala v pod\u00e1n\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159ky Sabiny Slonkov\u00e9. Tuto novin\u00e1\u0159ku sleduji desetilet\u00ed (ji\u017e to nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 hol\u010di\u010dka) a v\u017edy, kdy\u017e se n\u011bkde objev\u00ed, tak z toho vyleze velk\u00e9 svinstvo. Po tom, co ode\u0161la z funkce \u0161\u00e9fredaktorky Mlad\u00e9 fronty Dnes, vlastn\u011bn\u00e9 Andrejem Babi\u0161em, se ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku vloupala do bytu nemocn\u00e9ho syna Andreje Babi\u0161e. A takov\u00fdch kauz je bezpo\u010det.<\/p>\n

Tentokr\u00e1t vystoupila v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9m rozhlase s\u00a0podivn\u00fdm pov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00edm o\u00a0n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b Kate\u0159iny Kone\u010dn\u00e9 a\u00a0Filipa Turka na zahrani\u010dn\u00edch velvyslanectv\u00edch. Oh\u00e1n\u011bla se poznatky zpravodajsk\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, v\u017edycky m\u011bla specifick\u00e9 metody ke spolupr\u00e1ci se zpravodajci, ov\u0161em tvrzen\u00ed zakon\u010dovala, \u017ee nejsou d\u016fkazy, \u010d\u00edm\u017e v\u00a0emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed rovin\u011b slovn\u00edkem tla\u010dila ud\u00e1lost do roviny trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e1 je funkce a poslan\u00ed diplomacie a diplomatick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb. P\u0159ibli\u017eovat zem\u011b kulturn\u011b, spole\u010densky, ekonomiky a politicky. Ambas\u00e1da m\u00e1 rozv\u00edjet kontakty s politiky, podnikateli a v\u0161eobecn\u011b ob\u010dany druh\u00e9 zem\u011b a roz\u0161i\u0159ovat znalosti o sv\u00e9 zemi. V dob\u011b totality se lid\u00e9 ob\u00e1vali nav\u0161t\u00edvit americkou ambas\u00e1du, n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva se pova\u017eovala za rizikovou. Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 politick\u00e1 elita proklamuje, \u017ee jsme demokracie, ale rejst\u0159\u00edk totalitn\u00edch metod a p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f se neust\u00e1le roz\u0161i\u0159uje.<\/p>\n

Sabina Slonkov\u00e1 tla\u010d\u00ed Filipa Turka a\u00a0Kate\u0159inu Kone\u010dnou do pozice, \u017ee se omlouvaj\u00ed. T\u00edm vlastn\u011b napl\u0148uj\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011br zpravodajsk\u00fdch slu\u017eeb a\u00a0Sabiny Slonkov\u00e9 vyvolat ve ve\u0159ejnosti dojem, \u017ee pro tyto pochybn\u00e9 kontakty jsou ned\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00ed a\u00a0nevoliteln\u00ed. Oba bohu\u017eel na tuto fintu sko\u010dili, m\u00edsto aby Sabinu Slonkovou poslali \u201en\u011bkam\u201c a\u00a0podali na n\u00ed trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako na \u010cesk\u00fd rozhlas a\u00a0st\u00ed\u017enost na Radu pro rozhlasov\u00e9 a\u00a0televizn\u00ed vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby jsou syst\u00e9mov\u011b ohro\u017een\u00edm demokracie. S\u00a0r\u016fstem jejich moci doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0erozi demokracie. \u0158editelka N\u00e1rodn\u00ed zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby USA Tulsi Gabbardov\u00e1 charakterizovala stav CIA a\u00a0jejich z\u00e1jmy bez p\u0159\u00edkras.<\/p>\n

\u201eUkazuj\u00ed (pracovn\u00edci a\u00a0agenti CIA) svou pravou tv\u00e1\u0159, \u017ee jejich loajalita rozhodn\u011b nepat\u0159\u00ed Americe, nepat\u0159\u00ed americk\u00e9mu lidu ani \u00fastav\u011b, pat\u0159\u00ed jen jim samotn\u00fdm\u201c.[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Co \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 T. Gabbardov\u00e1 o CIA plat\u00ed obecn\u011b o zpravodajsk\u00fdch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch. U n\u00e1s symbolicky tuto souvislost m\u016f\u017eeme pozorovat u \u0159editele BIS Michala Koudelky. S r\u016fstem jeho hodnosti, kles\u00e1 u n\u00e1s kvalita demokracie.<\/p>\n

Uveden\u00e9 metody n\u00e1m zajistily sou\u010dasnou vl\u00e1du. Bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se volby a\u00a0nepopul\u00e1rnost sou\u010dasn\u011b vl\u00e1dy mobilizuj\u00ed s\u00edly v\u00a0pozad\u00ed. BIS se sv\u00fdmi m\u00e9dii a\u00a0novin\u00e1\u0159i podrob\u00ed populaci neust\u00e1l\u00e9mu tlaku dezinforma\u010dn\u00edch kampan\u00ed. A\u00a0kdyby to nesta\u010dilo, jako z\u00e1loha je p\u0159ipraven p\u0159edseda \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu \u201ekomunistick\u00fd antikomunista\u201c Josef Baxa, kter\u00fd u\u017e vyhl\u00e1sil mo\u017enost zas\u00e1hnout do v\u00fdsledku voleb. Konec konc\u016f jmenov\u00e1n\u00ed premi\u00e9ra je v\u00a0ruk\u00e1ch dal\u0161\u00edho \u201ekomunistick\u00e9ho antikomunisty\u201c prezidenta Petra Pavla.<\/p>\n

[1]<\/strong><\/em><\/a>\u00a0https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hectxuhk3xY.<\/em><\/p>\n

doc. PhDr.\u00a0Petr Sak<\/strong>, CSc.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Docent Petr Sak sleduje manipulativn\u00ed kampan\u011b v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00edch, jejich organizovanost, na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0c\u00edl. Pokud bychom znali…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":31822,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1503,607,158,27],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77589"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77589"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77589\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31822"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}