{"id":77516,"date":"2025-04-29T00:12:22","date_gmt":"2025-04-28T22:12:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=77516"},"modified":"2025-04-28T15:43:09","modified_gmt":"2025-04-28T13:43:09","slug":"uriel-araujo-zelenskyj-vs-porosenko-rivalita-zesiluje","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/04\/29\/uriel-araujo-zelenskyj-vs-porosenko-rivalita-zesiluje\/","title":{"rendered":"Uriel Araujo: Zelenskyj vs. Poro\u0161enko \u2013 rivalita zesiluje"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Ukrajina se mezit\u00edm pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s ultranacionalismem a neonacistick\u00fdm vlivem a navzdory m\u00edrov\u00fdm rozhovor\u016fm udr\u017euje nestabilitu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd\u00a0<\/span>\u010dl\u00e1nek<\/span><\/a>\u00a0New York Times podrobn\u011b popisuje, jak se ukrajinsk\u00e1 politick\u00e1 rivalita znovu vyno\u0159uje, kdy\u017e m\u00edrov\u00e9 rozhovory zvy\u0161uj\u00ed vyhl\u00eddky na p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed a volby: Petro Poro\u0161enko prosazuje vl\u00e1du jednoty, kter\u00e1 by napomohla vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, se f\u00e1mami, \u017ee chce vid\u011bt Zelensk\u00e9ho uv\u011bznit; zat\u00edmco prezident Zelenskij na opl\u00e1tku zesiluje tlak na oponenty, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 stann\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo k prodlou\u017een\u00ed sv\u00e9ho funk\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed a\u00a0<\/span>zmrazen\u00ed Poro\u0161enkova majetku<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na Ukrajin\u011b po Majdanu byla politika poznamen\u00e1na znepokojiv\u00fdm sestupem k osobn\u00ed pomst\u011b a autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm taktik\u00e1m, v\u0161e pod rou\u0161kou \u201edemokracie podporovan\u00e9 Z\u00e1padem\u201c. Zelensk\u00e9ho protikorup\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1roky jsou nav\u00edc podkop\u00e1v\u00e1ny\u00a0<\/span>jeho vlastn\u00edmi vazbami na oligarchu Ihor Kolomojskij<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, jeho\u017e vliv\u00a0<\/span>do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry formoval<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Zelensk\u00e9ho vzestup do t\u00e9 m\u00edry, \u017ee posledn\u011b jmenovan\u00fd je \u010dasto ozna\u010dov\u00e1n za \u201estvo\u0159en\u00ed\u201c prvn\u00edho: ukrajinsk\u00fd v\u016fdce ve skute\u010dnosti\u00a0<\/span>chr\u00e1nil z\u00e1jmy oligarchy,<\/span><\/a>\u00a0dokud\u00a0<\/span>tlak<\/span><\/a>\u00a0USA nevedl k jeho p\u00e1du.<\/span><\/p>\n

Konflikt Zelenskij-Poro\u0161enko v tomto kontextu p\u0159esahuje osobn\u00ed rivalitu a odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00ed boj o moc na Ukrajin\u011b su\u017eovan\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00fdm konfliktem (\u00a0mimochodem od roku 2014, mimochodem\u00a0<\/span>ob\u010danskou v\u00e1lkou na Donbasu ), ekonomickou t\u00edsn\u00ed, vl\u00e1dou oligarch\u016f a\u00a0<\/span><\/a>endemickou korupc\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, stejn\u011b jako politick\u00fdmi intrikami,\u00a0<\/span>zahrani\u010dn\u00edm vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, kter\u00e9 pozd\u011bji fungovaly bez pomoci zpravodajsk\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, a neonacistick\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami.<\/span><\/p>\n

Poro\u0161enko, miliard\u00e1\u0159 oligarcha a b\u00fdval\u00fd prezident, se postavil jako kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 opozi\u010dn\u00ed osobnost, kter\u00e1 obhajuje vl\u00e1du n\u00e1rodn\u00ed jednoty, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 \u00fadajn\u011b usnadnit m\u00edrov\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed s Ruskem. Jeho strana Evropsk\u00e1 solidarita po\u017eadovala parlamentn\u00ed zased\u00e1n\u00ed, aby prozkoumala, jak Zelensky postupuje p\u0159i m\u00edrov\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00edch a kontroverzn\u00edch\u00a0<\/span>dohod\u00e1ch o nerostn\u00fdch surovin\u00e1ch<\/span><\/a>\u00a0se Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty. To v\u0161e signalizuje promy\u0161len\u00fd krok k podkop\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fa\u0159aduj\u00edc\u00edho v\u016fdce.<\/span><\/p>\n

Poro\u0161enkovy ambice v\u0161ak komplikuje jeho vlastn\u00ed zranitelnost, v\u010detn\u011b sankc\u00ed uvalen\u00fdch Zelensk\u00e9ho vl\u00e1dou v \u00fanoru 2025, kter\u00e9 zmrazily jeho majetek na z\u00e1klad\u011b pochybn\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f \u201evelezrady\u201c a napom\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed terorismu. Od n\u00e1stupu Zelensk\u00e9ho do \u00fa\u0159adu v roce 2019 tak\u00e9 \u010delil mnoha trestn\u00edm vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm, o nich\u017e jeho strana tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee jde o selektivn\u00ed spravedlnost zam\u011b\u0159enou na potla\u010den\u00ed opozice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aby to je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zkomplikovali, Trumpovi spojenci\u00a0<\/span>se \u00fadajn\u011b minul\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc tajn\u011b setkali<\/span><\/a>\u00a0s ukrajinsk\u00fdmi opozi\u010dn\u00edmi v\u016fdci Juli\u00ed Tymo\u0161enkovou a stranou Petra Poro\u0161enka, aby projednali uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed rychl\u00fdch prezidentsk\u00fdch voleb, proto\u017ee Washington nyn\u00ed tla\u010d\u00ed na Zelensk\u00e9ho, aby ustoupil. Oba v\u016fdci jsou podle z\u00e1znam\u016f ve\u0159ejn\u011b proti v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdm volb\u00e1m s odvol\u00e1n\u00edm na stann\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo na Ukrajin\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159edseda parlamentu Ruslan Stefanchuk nav\u00edc minul\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc zablokoval cestu Petra Poro\u0161enka do USA na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed konferenci s odkazem na nevhodn\u00e9 na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dosti. Evropsk\u00e1 solidarita pak reagovala t\u00edm, \u017ee to ozna\u010dila za poru\u0161en\u00ed demokratick\u00fdch princip\u016f a obvinila Stefanchuka z ma\u0159en\u00ed opozi\u010dn\u00edch aktivit a podkop\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed parlamentn\u00ed diplomacie.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u0165 je to jak chce, Zelensk\u00e9ho administrativa m\u00e1 za sebou historii pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed moci k potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed opozice, co\u017e je taktika, kter\u00e1 je v rozporu s demokratick\u00fdmi kompetencemi Ukrajiny. Psal jsem o tom, jak m\u00e1 Ukrajina dnes probl\u00e9m \u201e\u00a0<\/span>ob\u010dansk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se\u00a0<\/span>rusk\u00e9 men\u0161iny<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a jak se zam\u011b\u0159uje\u00a0nap\u0159\u00edklad na\u00a0<\/span>pravoslavnou c\u00edrkev .<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed stann\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va v roce 2022 pozastavilo volby, \u010d\u00edm\u017e umo\u017enilo Zelensk\u00e9mu prodlou\u017eit sv\u016fj mand\u00e1t na neur\u010dito a z\u00e1rove\u0148\u00a0<\/span>zak\u00e1zat v\u011bt\u0161inu opozice<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Zat\u00edmco tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee logistick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my br\u00e1n\u00ed hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed, kritici tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee je to z\u00e1minka k dal\u0161\u00edmu upevn\u011bn\u00ed moci. S\u00e1m Poro\u0161enko se ve\u0159ejn\u011b postavil proti v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdm volb\u00e1m, jak bylo zm\u00edn\u011bno, ale jeho ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 spojen\u00ed s Trumpov\u00fdm t\u00e1borem nazna\u010duje, \u017ee s\u00e1z\u00ed na n\u00e1vrat po p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vyhl\u00eddka na p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 volby jist\u011b\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159ivedla ukrajinskou politickou t\u0159\u00eddu do ur\u010dit\u00e9ho druhu \u0161\u00edlenstv\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e postavy jako\u00a0<\/span>Julia Tymo\u0161enkov\u00e1 a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b Poro\u0161enko<\/span><\/a>\u00a0se postavily jako alternativy k Zelensk\u00e9mu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed faktor, o kter\u00e9m se v\u011bt\u0161ina anal\u00fdz a zpr\u00e1v sotva zmi\u0148uje, v\u011bci d\u00e1le komplikuje, toti\u017e probl\u00e9m ozbrojen\u00e9 krajn\u00ed pravice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle<\/span><\/a>\u00a0politologa Ivana Katchanovsk\u00e9ho (University of Ottawa) byly mezi veden\u00edm Majdanu v roce 2014 a skupinami zapojen\u00fdmi do pouli\u010dn\u00edch protest\u016f v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159\u00edtomny krajn\u011b pravicov\u00e9 organizace. Krom\u011b toho se tato krajn\u011b pravicov\u00e1 hnut\u00ed z\u00fa\u010dastnila\u00a0<\/span>masakru v Od\u011bse<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a sehr\u00e1la v\u00fdznamnou roli ve v\u00e1lce na Donbasu. To se nezm\u011bnilo.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e1m Poro\u0161enkovi nen\u00ed ciz\u00ed zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dokonce i neonacistick\u00fdch polovojensk\u00fdch skupin jako n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro ukrajinsk\u00fd \u201edeep state\u201c a osobn\u00ed c\u00edle. Mo\u017en\u00e1 si vzpomenete na skand\u00e1l t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se C14 (tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho jako Sich), co\u017e je extr\u00e9mn\u011b n\u00e1siln\u00e1 neonacistick\u00e1 milice\u00a0<\/span>nechvaln\u011b proslul\u00e1 sv\u00fdmi \u00fatoky na romsk\u00e9 (cik\u00e1nsk\u00e9) komunity<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vazby C14 na Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed slu\u017ebu Ukrajiny (SBU) se staly ve\u0159ejn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdmi v roce 2019 ve\u00a0<\/span>skand\u00e1lu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, kter\u00fd byl p\u0159irovn\u00e1v\u00e1n k americk\u00e9 Watergate: jde v podstat\u011b o to, jak tehdej\u0161\u00ed prezident Poro\u0161enko vyu\u017eil ukrajinsk\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed agentury, v\u010detn\u011b vazeb s v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm Sich\/C14 a dal\u0161\u00edmi\u00a0<\/span>ultranacionalistick\u00fdmi<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>krajn\u011b pravicov\u00fdmi skupinami<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, k\u00a0<\/span>potla\u010den\u00ed opozice<\/span><\/a>\u00a0k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed jejich politick\u00e9 taktiky v roce 2019, zneu\u017eit\u00ed k politick\u00e9 taktice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Takov\u00fd skand\u00e1l nen\u00ed ve skute\u010dnosti p\u0159ekvapiv\u00fd: bylo to koneckonc\u016f za Poro\u0161enka v roce 2015, kdy\u00a0byl\u00a0<\/span>nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fd prapor Azov\u00a0<\/span><\/a>integrov\u00e1n do ukrajinsk\u00e9 N\u00e1rodn\u00ed gardy<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, i kdy\u017e otev\u0159en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nestydat\u00e9 neonacistick\u00e9 symboly jako Wolfsangel a Black Sun (dodnes).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ozbrojen\u00e1 krajn\u00ed pravice, v\u010detn\u011b jej\u00edch nacistick\u00fdch prvk\u016f, skute\u010dn\u011b hraje na Ukrajin\u011b syst\u00e9movou roli od roku 2014,\u00a0<\/span>pod Zelensk\u00fdm veden\u00edm se jen m\u00e1lo zm\u011bnilo<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, navzdory jeho \u017eidovsk\u00e9 ukrajinsk\u00e9 identit\u011b. Mo\u017en\u00e1 si vzpomenete, jak ukrajinsk\u00fd prezident v roce 2024\u00a0<\/span>nahradil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0velitele spole\u010dn\u00fdch sil Jurije Sodola brig\u00e1dn\u00edm gener\u00e1lem Andrijem Hnatovem pot\u00e9, co\u00a0<\/span>Bohdan Krotevy\u010d<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, d\u016fstojn\u00edk brig\u00e1dy Azov s neonacistick\u00fdmi vazbami, ve\u0159ejn\u011b kritizoval Sodola za ztr\u00e1ty v Mariupolu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od\u00a0<\/span>ud\u011blen\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed \u201eHrdina Ukrajiny\u201c veliteli Prav\u00e9ho sektoru Dmytro Kotsjubaylo v roce 2019 a\u017e po\u00a0<\/span>jmenov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0neofa\u0161isty\u00a0<\/span>Dmytra Yaroshe<\/span><\/a>\u00a0vojensk\u00fdm poradcem (v roce 2021) je tvrdou skute\u010dnost\u00ed, \u017ee Zelenskij p\u016fsob\u00ed v kontextu, kde ultranacionalistick\u00e9 skupiny maj\u00ed velk\u00fd vliv v r\u00e1mci ozbrojen\u00fdch sil a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho apar\u00e1tu, a \u201enem\u016f\u017ee to odvolat\u00a0<\/span>na sebe, jinak by to mohl zru\u0161it.\u00a0Khreshchatyk<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c, jak mu zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd Yarosh slavn\u011b\u00a0<\/span>vyhro\u017eoval<\/span><\/a>\u00a0kr\u00e1tce po jeho inauguraci.<\/span><\/p>\n

To v\u0161e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee a\u0165 u\u017e za Zelensk\u00e9ho nebo s potenci\u00e1ln\u00edm n\u00e1vratem Poro\u0161enka budou probl\u00e9my Ukrajiny p\u0159etrv\u00e1vat, dokud ultranacionalismus z\u016fstane jej\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed ideologi\u00ed a neonacist\u00e9 a fa\u0161ist\u00e9 budou m\u00edt v\u00fdznamnou moc v politick\u00e9, vojensk\u00e9 a polovojensk\u00e9 sf\u00e9\u0159e. Tento probl\u00e9m nen\u00ed zdaleka jen \u201erusk\u00fdm \u0159e\u010dnick\u00fdm bodem\u201c, ale je dostate\u010dn\u011b skute\u010dn\u00fd a nezmiz\u00ed jen proto, \u017ee se z\u00e1padn\u00ed m\u00e9dia od roku 2022 vyh\u00fdbaj\u00ed jeho zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento n\u00e1siln\u00fd ultranacionalismus, v\u010detn\u011b\u00a0<\/span>oslavov\u00e1n\u00ed pronacistick\u00fdch postav sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, jak jsem ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve\u00a0<\/span>poznamenal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, podn\u011bcuje nap\u011bt\u00ed s dal\u0161\u00edmi sousedy mimo Rusko (jako je\u00a0<\/span>Ma\u010farsko<\/span><\/a>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span>Polsko<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>Rumunsko<\/span><\/a>\u00a0), \u010d\u00edm\u017e udr\u017euje region\u00e1ln\u00ed nestabilitu s \u0161ir\u0161\u00edmi d\u016fsledky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD.<\/a>, doktor antropologie, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ukrajina se mezit\u00edm pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s ultranacionalismem a neonacistick\u00fdm vlivem a navzdory m\u00edrov\u00fdm rozhovor\u016fm udr\u017euje nestabilitu….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":72670,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,2103,26,814,1000],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77516"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77516"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77516\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/72670"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77516"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77516"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77516"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}