{"id":77346,"date":"2025-04-26T05:07:26","date_gmt":"2025-04-26T03:07:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=77346"},"modified":"2025-04-26T05:07:26","modified_gmt":"2025-04-26T03:07:26","slug":"uriel-araujo-hrozi-recko-turecky-konflikt-napeti-odhaluje-krehkou-jednotu-nato","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/04\/26\/uriel-araujo-hrozi-recko-turecky-konflikt-napeti-odhaluje-krehkou-jednotu-nato\/","title":{"rendered":"Uriel Araujo: Hroz\u00ed \u0159ecko-tureck\u00fd konflikt? Nap\u011bt\u00ed odhaluje k\u0159ehkou jednotu NATO"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed spory mezi \u0158eckem a Tureckem ohledn\u011b n\u00e1rok\u016f v Egejsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i a St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed odhaluj\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed rozd\u011blen\u00ed NATO, proto\u017ee agresivn\u00ed doktr\u00edna Turecka \u201eModr\u00e1 vlast\u201c a neosmansk\u00e9 ambice se st\u0159et\u00e1vaj\u00ed s defenzivn\u00ed militarizac\u00ed \u0158ecka a podkop\u00e1vaj\u00ed soudr\u017enost aliance.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Doutnaj\u00edc\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi \u0158eckem a Tureckem, \u00fadajn\u011b dv\u011bma spojenci NATO, kv\u016fli \u00fazemn\u00edm n\u00e1rok\u016fm v Egejsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i a v\u00fdchodn\u00edm St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed znovu vrhlo do centra pozornosti vnit\u0159n\u00ed rozpory atlantick\u00e9 aliance. Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>vojensk\u00e9 rozhovory<\/span><\/a>\u00a0mezi ob\u011bma n\u00e1rody, kter\u00e9 za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed tento t\u00fdden, maj\u00ed za c\u00edl zm\u00edrnit spory o n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed hranice a naru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho prostoru; z\u00e1kladn\u00ed probl\u00e9my v\u0161ak odhaluj\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00ed trhlinu ve struktu\u0159e NATO.<\/span><\/p>\n

J\u00e1drem sporu mezi \u0158eckem a Tureckem jsou konkuren\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1roky na vody bohat\u00e9 na p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed zdroje a historick\u00e9 k\u0159ivdy zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00e9 ve smlouv\u011b z Lausanne z roku 1923. Asertivn\u00ed tureck\u00e1 doktr\u00edna \u201eModr\u00e1 vlast\u201c, kter\u00e1 se sna\u017e\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it sv\u016fj n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed vliv, se st\u0159et\u00e1v\u00e1 s \u00fasil\u00edm \u0158ecka zajistit si suverenitu nad ostrovy v Egejsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i a jeho v\u00fdlu\u010dnou ekonomickou z\u00f3nou. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed analytici obvi\u0148uj\u00ed At\u00e9ny, \u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed podporu k obch\u00e1zen\u00ed geopolitick\u00e9 reality. Zat\u00edmco pozice \u0158ecka je koncipov\u00e1na jako defenzivn\u00ed, tureck\u00e9 akce \u2013 jako je rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed seismick\u00fdch v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch plavidel nebo zpochybn\u011bn\u00ed militarizace \u0159eck\u00fdch ostrov\u016f \u2013 pova\u017euje Ankara za legitimn\u00ed prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed o suverenit\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto spory nejsou pouze dvoustrann\u00e9; vln\u00ed se nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d NATO a ohro\u017euj\u00ed jednotu aliance v dob\u011b, kdy se jej\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty sna\u017e\u00ed prosadit s\u00edlu. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed analytici u\u017e n\u011bkolik let diskutuj\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>o<\/span><\/a>\u00a0pravd\u011bpodobnosti\u00a0vypuknut\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>turecko-\u0159eck\u00e9 v\u00e1lky , p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e\u00a0<\/span><\/a>epizody<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v posledn\u00edch\u00a0<\/span>t\u0159ech letech<\/span><\/a>\u00a0nab\u00fdvaj\u00ed na intenzit\u011b . Nap\u0159\u00edklad v roce 2022 Ankara\u00a0<\/span>obvinila<\/span><\/a>\u00a0At\u00e9ny, \u017ee pou\u017eily raketov\u00fd syst\u00e9m S-300 k nam\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed na tureck\u00e1 letadla prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed mise NATO nad St\u0159edozemn\u00edm mo\u0159em 23. srpna 2022.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0160ir\u0161\u00ed geopolitick\u00fd kontext toto nap\u011bt\u00ed umoc\u0148uje. Pozoruhodn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem je hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fd odpor proizraelsk\u00e9, pro-\u0159eck\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>lobby<\/span><\/a>\u00a0ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech v\u016f\u010di tureck\u00e9mu pl\u00e1nu p\u0159ev\u00e9st syst\u00e9my protiraketov\u00e9 obrany S-400 rusk\u00e9 v\u00fdroby do S\u00fdrie. Toto lobbistick\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed podtrhuje, jak jsou extern\u00ed akt\u00e9\u0159i schopni vyu\u017e\u00edt vnit\u0159n\u00edch rozd\u011blen\u00ed NATO k prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch program\u016f. Tureck\u00e1 akvizice S-400, kter\u00e1 vedla k jeho vylou\u010den\u00ed z programu F-35 veden\u00e9ho USA, byla dlouho p\u0159edm\u011btem sporu v r\u00e1mci NATO, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e Washington uvalil sankce a \u0158ecko vyu\u017eilo tureck\u00e9 izolace k pos\u00edlen\u00ed sv\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch obrann\u00fdch vazeb s USA a Franci\u00ed. Mezi ambice \u0158ecka pat\u0159\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>modernizace sv\u00fdch vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch sil s proudov\u00fdmi letouny F-35<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a pos\u00edlen\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch kapacit, co\u017e jsou kroky, kter\u00e9 Turecko vn\u00edm\u00e1 jako p\u0159\u00edmou v\u00fdzvu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento v\u00fdvoj poukazuje na struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed slabiny NATO. Aliance, navr\u017een\u00e1 tak, aby \u010delila domn\u011bl\u00e9 monolitick\u00e9 sov\u011btsk\u00e9 hrozb\u011b, se sna\u017e\u00ed zprost\u0159edkovat konflikty mezi sv\u00fdmi \u010dleny ve sv\u011bt\u011b, kde se n\u00e1rodn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy st\u00e1le v\u00edce rozch\u00e1zej\u00ed. Sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed Turecka ke strategick\u00e9 autonomii a region\u00e1ln\u00ed hegemonii \u2013 o \u010dem\u017e sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed jeho balancov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi Ruskem, Ukrajinou a Z\u00e1padem \u2013 je v rozporu s o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm NATO na neochv\u011bjn\u00e9 sjednocen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Navzdory \u201evyva\u017eovac\u00edm\u201c akt\u016fm, asertivn\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed expanze Turecka v \u010cern\u00e9m mo\u0159i, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed Konvenci z Montreux k omezen\u00ed rusk\u00e9 flotily, riskuje eskalaci nap\u011bt\u00ed s Moskvou, jak jsem ned\u00e1vno\u00a0<\/span>tvrdil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, a t\u00edm ohro\u017euje eurasijskou stabilitu. Aby se v\u011bci je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zkomplikovaly, strategick\u00e9 man\u00e9vry Turecka, v\u010detn\u011b pl\u00e1n\u016f na\u00a0<\/span>podporu \u201eTuransk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy\u201c<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v boji proti CSTO, jsou v souladu s \u00fasil\u00edm NATO podkopat Rusko a \u010c\u00ednu a d\u00e1le destabilizovat region.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve slo\u017eit\u00e9 h\u0159e \u201ekdo hraje koho\u201c z\u00e1rove\u0148 tureck\u00e9 kroky, v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1kupu S-400, zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed soudr\u017enost NATO.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u0165 je to jak chce, prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed \u0159ecko-tureck\u00fd dialog, i kdy\u017e je krokem k deeskalaci, tyto hlub\u0161\u00ed trhliny prozat\u00edm nevy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed. \u0158eck\u00fd premi\u00e9r Kyriakos Mitsotakis vyj\u00e1d\u0159il\u00a0<\/span>ochotu nav\u0161t\u00edvit Turecko<\/span><\/a>\u00a0navzdory ned\u00e1vn\u00e9mu nap\u011bt\u00ed, co\u017e signalizuje pragmatick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. Snahy\u00a0\u0158ecka\u00a0<\/span>omezit p\u0159\u00edstup Turecka k obrann\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ci EU<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a jeho spojen\u00ed s Franci\u00ed a Izraelem ve v\u00fdchodn\u00edm St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed v\u0161ak nazna\u010duj\u00ed strategii omezen\u00ed, kterou lze interpretovat pouze jako obrannou reakci na ambice Ankary. Turecko mezit\u00edm \u010del\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edm tlak\u016fm a volb\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 mohou pos\u00edlit jeho asertivn\u00ed r\u00e9toriku, jak je vid\u011bt ve varov\u00e1n\u00ed prezidenta Erdo\u011fana p\u0159ed militarizac\u00ed \u0159eck\u00fdch ostrov\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je t\u0159eba m\u00edt na pam\u011bti, \u017ee navzdory tureck\u00e9mu odsuzov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159eck\u00e9 militarizace v Egejsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i je to Ankara, kdo agresivn\u011b prosazuje n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed hegemonii prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sv\u00e9 doktr\u00edny \u201eModr\u00e1 vlast\u201c a roz\u0161i\u0159uje n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed n\u00e1roky. Tureck\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>neo-osmansk\u00e1 agenda<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, poznamenan\u00e1 provokativn\u00edmi n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edmi man\u00e9vry a \u00fazemn\u00edmi prosazov\u00e1n\u00edm, eskaluje nap\u011bt\u00ed a podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 region\u00e1ln\u00ed stabilitu.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b byla reakce NATO na toto nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u011b vla\u017en\u00e1. Gener\u00e1ln\u00ed tajemn\u00edci aliance historicky zprost\u0159edkovali \u0159ecko-tureck\u00e9 spory, ale jejich \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed \u2013 jako je \u201e\u00a0<\/span>Recognized Air Picture<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c nad Egejsk\u00fdm mo\u0159em \u2013 jsou povrchn\u00ed a ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny, jako je vymezen\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch hranic nebo spory o energetick\u00e9 zdroje. Jak poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 Dimitris Tsarouhas (vedouc\u00ed tureck\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho programu v Centru pro evropsk\u00e1 a transatlantick\u00e1 studia ve Virginia Technotes), realistick\u00e1 cesta vp\u0159ed by vy\u017eadovala, aby oba n\u00e1rody up\u0159ednost\u0148ovaly spolupr\u00e1ci p\u0159ed konfrontac\u00ed, p\u0159esto r\u00e1mec Atlantick\u00e9 aliance nab\u00edz\u00ed jen m\u00e1lo podn\u011bt\u016f pro takov\u00fd kompromis, kdy\u017e se vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mocnosti, v\u010detn\u011b USA a Francie, postav\u00ed na jednu stranu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve vznikaj\u00edc\u00edm multipol\u00e1rn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b je \u0159ecko-tureck\u00e1 patov\u00e1 situace mikrokosmem zastaralosti NATO. Spolehlivost Aliance na hegemonii USA (do t\u00e9 m\u00edry, \u017ee se to nyn\u00ed zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt docela \u201eztracen\u00e1\u201c, kdy\u017e \u010del\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>\u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9mu \u201esta\u017een\u00ed\u201c Washingtonu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0z v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy, nap\u0159\u00edklad) a jej\u00ed neschopnost vyhov\u011bt r\u016fzn\u00fdm n\u00e1rodn\u00edm z\u00e1jm\u016fm \u2013 zejm\u00e9na z\u00e1jm\u016fm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f, jako je Turecko \u2013 odhaluj\u00ed jej\u00ed k\u0159ehkost.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010cernomo\u0159sk\u00e9 man\u00e9vry Turecka odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed posun ve zp\u016fsobu, jak\u00fdm hraje NATO, zat\u00edmco sleduje sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed c\u00edle hegemonie a region\u00e1ln\u00ed autonomie (jak to vid\u00ed ono). To je trend, kter\u00fd NATO skute\u010dn\u011b nem\u016f\u017ee zvl\u00e1dnout, ani\u017e by riskovalo dal\u0161\u00ed fragmentaci. Takov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed podtrhuje pot\u0159ebu nov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed architektury \u2013 takov\u00e9, kter\u00e1 respektuje suver\u00e9nn\u00ed aspirace a podporuje spravedliv\u00fd dialog, opro\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd od zastaral\u00e9 unipol\u00e1rn\u00ed vize NATO.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD<\/a>, doktor antropologie, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed spory mezi \u0158eckem a Tureckem ohledn\u011b n\u00e1rok\u016f v Egejsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i a St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed odhaluj\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":77347,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,220,39,539,55],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77346"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77346"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77346\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/77347"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77346"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77346"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77346"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}