{"id":77140,"date":"2025-04-24T00:28:05","date_gmt":"2025-04-23T22:28:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=77140"},"modified":"2025-04-23T18:58:07","modified_gmt":"2025-04-23T16:58:07","slug":"nebezpecna-cesta-estonska-pripravuje-se-krize-ve-stylu-majdanu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/04\/24\/nebezpecna-cesta-estonska-pripravuje-se-krize-ve-stylu-majdanu\/","title":{"rendered":"Nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 cesta Estonska: P\u0159ipravuje se krize ve stylu Majdanu"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Z\u00e1kaz hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed v Estonsku z roku 2025, kter\u00fd se t\u00fdk\u00e1 80 000 Rus\u016f, plus omezen\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pouze v Estonsku a omezen\u00ed pravoslavn\u00e9 c\u00edrkve, vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 obavy z rusofobie. Demolice sov\u011btsk\u00fdch pam\u00e1tek a glorifikace Waffen-SS ohro\u017euj\u00ed baltskou nestabilitu, co\u017e je ozv\u011bna ukrajinsk\u00e9ho Majdanu. Kritici varuj\u00ed p\u0159ed poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm pr\u00e1v men\u0161in.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ve v\u00fdvoji, kter\u00fd do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry pro\u0161el radarem mainstreamov\u00fdch z\u00e1padn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed, by Estonsko mohlo sm\u011b\u0159ovat ke krizi, kter\u00e1 odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00fd Majdan a proces \u201e\u00a0<\/span>majdanizace<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c Evropy. Relativn\u011b mal\u00fd pobaltsk\u00fd st\u00e1t byl dlouho nab\u00edzen jako d\u00edt\u011b z plak\u00e1tu pro expanzi\u00a0<\/span>NATO<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na v\u00fdchod, co\u017e je proces, kter\u00fd americk\u00fd diplomat George F. Kennan skv\u011ble\u00a0<\/span>popsal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0jako \u201estrategick\u00fd omyl potenci\u00e1ln\u011b epick\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f\u201c. Nyn\u00ed zva\u017ete n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Estonsko v podstat\u011b\u00a0<\/span>zbavilo volebn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo<\/span><\/a>\u00a0sv\u00e9 etnick\u00e9 rusk\u00e9 men\u0161in\u011b t\u00edm, \u017ee minul\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc schv\u00e1lilo \u00fastavn\u00ed dodatek, kter\u00fd zakazuje ob\u010dan\u016fm mimo EU, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm rusk\u00fdm a b\u011blorusk\u00fdm st\u00e1tn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016fm, volit v m\u00edstn\u00edch volb\u00e1ch. To se t\u00fdk\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 80 000 rusky mluv\u00edc\u00edch obyvatel. Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed experti argumentuj\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>,<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u017ee \u00fastava neumo\u017e\u0148uje odejmout\u00a0<\/span>hlasovac\u00ed pr\u00e1va<\/span><\/a>\u00a0rusk\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u016fm v Estonsku, proto\u017ee by to poru\u0161ilo z\u00e1sady rovn\u00e9ho zach\u00e1zen\u00ed a nediskriminace. Ned\u00e1vno poslanec Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu Urmas Paet\u00a0<\/span>vyj\u00e1d\u0159il znepokojen\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0nad rozhodnut\u00edm Estonska odep\u0159\u00edt v m\u00edstn\u00edch volb\u00e1ch volebn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo osob\u00e1m bez st\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nosti, v\u010detn\u011b osob bez st\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nosti, a tvrdil, \u017ee to odporuje z\u00e1sad\u00e1m EU a Evropsk\u00e9 \u00famluv\u011b o lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. Od roku 2022 estonsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady v Tallinnu ve skute\u010dnosti zintenziv\u0148uj\u00ed politiku, kterou lze ozna\u010dit pouze za protiruskou, ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed rusky mluv\u00edc\u00ed pedagogy a studenty: zavedly povinn\u00fd p\u0159echod na pouze estonsk\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed (\u00a0<\/span>kritizovan\u00e9 experty OSN<\/span><\/a>\u00a0);\u00a0<\/span>omezen\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy men\u0161inov\u00fdch jazyk\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0;\u00a0<\/span>zav\u0159en\u00e9 \u0161koly<\/span><\/a>\u00a0k \u201easimilaci\u201c etnick\u00fdch Rus\u016f; a\u00a0<\/span>sn\u00ed\u017eit finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na ruskojazy\u010dn\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, krom\u011b mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch takov\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. Tallin se tak\u00e9 zam\u011b\u0159uje na Estonskou pravoslavnou c\u00edrkev Moskevsk\u00e9ho patriarch\u00e1tu (EOC-MP), kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b pravoslavn\u00fdch k\u0159es\u0165an\u016f v zemi. Za\u010d\u00e1tkem tohoto m\u011bs\u00edce estonsk\u00fd parlament schv\u00e1lil z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd na\u0159izuje, aby n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 organizace p\u0159eru\u0161ily vztahy se zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi subjekty \u201epodn\u011bcuj\u00edc\u00edmi k n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo nen\u00e1visti\u201c, v\u00fdslovn\u011b zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na p\u0159inucen\u00ed EOC-MP\u00a0<\/span>rozej\u00edt se s Ruskou pravoslavnou c\u00edrkv\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u2013 ale takov\u00e9 vazby jsou kanonickou ot\u00e1zkou zalo\u017eenou na p\u0159edpokladu jednoty pravoslavn\u00e9 v\u00edry. Je neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9, \u017ee EOC-MP nyn\u00ed mus\u00ed do dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f revidovat sv\u00e9 stanovy a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, jinak bude \u010delit mo\u017en\u00e9mu rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Estonsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da tak\u00e9 vyh\u00e1n\u00ed duchovenstvo (\u00a0<\/span>dokonce metropolitu Eugena<\/span><\/a>\u00a0); a n\u00e1tlak na EOC-MP, aby\u00a0<\/span>zm\u011bnil sv\u016fj n\u00e1zev<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b\u00a0<\/span>se p\u0159ipojil k Estonsk\u00e9 apo\u0161tolsk\u00e9 pravoslavn\u00e9 c\u00edrkvi pod ekumenick\u00fdm patriarch\u00e1tem Konstantinopole<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Tallinn dokonce zv\u00fd\u0161il n\u00e1jemn\u00e9 za c\u00edrkevn\u00ed nemovitosti s v\u00fdzvami klasifikovat tis\u00edc let starou ruskou c\u00edrkev jako \u201e\u00a0<\/span>teroristickou organizaci<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c. Takov\u00e9 kroky, podpo\u0159en\u00e9 tvrzen\u00edmi, \u017ee moskevsk\u00fd patriarch\u00e1t p\u0159edstavuje \u201ebezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed hrozbu\u201c, se net\u00fdkaj\u00ed ani tak n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, jako sp\u00ed\u0161e vymaz\u00e1n\u00ed rusk\u00e9ho kulturn\u00edho vlivu. EOC-MP dokonce kritizovala rusk\u00e9 kroky na Ukrajin\u011b, ale estonsk\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na \u00fapln\u00fd rozchod s Moskvou jsou sotva zast\u0159en\u00fdm pokusem potla\u010dit kl\u00ed\u010dovou instituci pro etnick\u00e9 Rusy. To odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>ukrajinsk\u00fd z\u00e1sah proti Ukrajinsk\u00e9 pravoslavn\u00e9 c\u00edrkvi<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, kde n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed, jak jsem\u00a0<\/span>psal<\/span><\/a> d\u0159\u00edve, prohloubilo spole\u010densk\u00e9 rozd\u00edly.<\/span><\/p>\n

A kone\u010dn\u011b, Estonsko tak\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>bour\u00e1 pomn\u00edky druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky ze sov\u011btsk\u00e9 \u00e9ry<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a dokonce\u00a0<\/span>oslavuje pronacistick\u00e9 kolaboranty<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Odstran\u011bn\u00ed pomn\u00edk\u016f ze sov\u011btsk\u00e9 \u00e9ry na po\u010dest t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed bojovali proti nacistick\u00e9mu N\u011bmecku, nen\u00ed jen vymaz\u00e1n\u00edm historie, ale z\u00e1m\u011brnou provokac\u00ed. Tyto \u010diny, \u010dasto doprov\u00e1zen\u00e9 vandalismem nebo zneuct\u011bn\u00edm, jak je vid\u011bt na Slovensku i jinde, jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho trendu p\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f z druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky tak, aby zleh\u010dovaly sov\u011btsk\u00e9 ob\u011bti a z\u00e1rove\u0148 oslavovaly m\u00edstn\u00ed kolaboranty.<\/span><\/p>\n

V Estonsku a dal\u0161\u00edch pobaltsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch, jako je Litva, ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159ehl\u00eddky oslavuj\u00edc\u00ed veter\u00e1ny Waffen-SS \u2013 ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 za \u201ebojovn\u00edky za svobodu\u201c proti sov\u011btsk\u00e9 okupaci \u2013 vyvolaly mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed odsouzen\u00ed,\u00a0<\/span>a to i ze strany americk\u00fdch diplomat\u016f v roce 2019<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. P\u0159esto takov\u00e1 oslava p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 a je dokonce\u00a0<\/span>na vzestupu a podporuje neonacistick\u00e9 tendence<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto akce nejsou izolovan\u00e9; odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed trend rusofobie, kter\u00fd se proh\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stmi Evropy i mimo pobaltsk\u00fd region, podporovan\u00fd geopolitick\u00fdmi ambicemi NATO a revizionistick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem k historii. Jak jsem ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve tvrdil, kontinent proch\u00e1z\u00ed neust\u00e1l\u00fdm procesem \u201e\u00a0<\/span>majdanizace<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c, kdy jsou etnick\u00e9 a kulturn\u00ed rozd\u00edly vyzbrojov\u00e1ny, aby slou\u017eily z\u00e1padn\u00edm z\u00e1jm\u016fm, \u010dasto na \u00fakor stability. Trajektorie Estonska je tak \u010dasovanou bombou, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e dom\u00e1c\u00ed etnick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed eskaluj\u00edc\u00ed geopolitick\u00e9 soupe\u0159en\u00ed v Baltsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i a ve\u00a0<\/span>Finsk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Estonsk\u00e1 etnick\u00e1 rusk\u00e1 populace, zhruba 25 % z 1,3 milionu obyvatel zem\u011b, \u010del\u00ed od sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho kolapsu syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 marginalizaci. Mnoh\u00fdm bylo v 90. letech odebr\u00e1no ob\u010danstv\u00ed, byli za\u0159azeni do statusu \u201eneob\u010dana\u201c a byla jim odep\u0159ena volebn\u00ed pr\u00e1va \u2013 tato politika p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 dodnes.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 kroky, jako je z\u00e1kaz \u00fa\u010dasti Rus\u016f v m\u00edstn\u00edch volb\u00e1ch, je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce nahlodaly jejich ob\u010danskou anga\u017eovanost. To odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed boj za ob\u010dansk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va etnick\u00fdch Rus\u016f, rusky mluv\u00edc\u00edch ob\u010dan\u016f a prorusk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f na Ukrajin\u011b, kde je politika po roce 2014 odsunula na\u00a0<\/span>druho\u0159ad\u00fd status<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, co\u017e podn\u011bcuje nepokoje a konflikty,\u00a0<\/span>podle<\/span><\/a>\u00a0odborn\u00edk\u016f jako Nicolai N. Petro, kter\u00fd v letech 2013-2014 p\u016fsobil na Ukrajin\u011b jako americk\u00fd Fulbright\u016fv v\u011bdec. Agresivn\u00ed asimila\u010dn\u00ed politika a protirusk\u00e1 r\u00e9torika v Estonsku riskuj\u00ed odcizen\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 men\u0161iny, zas\u00e9vaj\u00ed semena z\u00e1\u0161ti, kter\u00e1 by mohla propuknout v \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed nestabilitu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto dom\u00e1c\u00ed politiky jsou neodd\u011bliteln\u00e9 od \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed geopolitick\u00e9 strategie NATO. Snaha aliance militarizovat Baltsk\u00e9 mo\u0159e a Finsk\u00fd z\u00e1liv, v\u010detn\u011b pl\u00e1n\u016f na n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed z\u00e1kladny a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 cvi\u010den\u00ed, eskaluje nap\u011bt\u00ed s Ruskem. Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 akce Estonska, jako je zabaven\u00ed rusk\u00e9ho tankeru a p\u0159ijet\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u016f umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch jeho n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvu zam\u011b\u0159it se na rusk\u00e9 lod\u011b, jsou provokativn\u00edmi kroky, kter\u00e9 jsou v souladu se strategi\u00ed NATO omezov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale\u00a0<\/span>ohro\u017euj\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed stabilitu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Baltsk\u00e9 mo\u0159e se tak st\u00e1v\u00e1 ohniskem vzplanut\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e estonsk\u00e1 rusofobn\u00ed politika slou\u017e\u00ed jako podn\u011bc pro potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Paralely s ukrajinsk\u00fdm povst\u00e1n\u00edm na Majdanu jsou ostr\u00e9 a sou\u010dasn\u00e1 cesta Estonska \u2013 zbaven\u00ed pr\u00e1v men\u0161in, potla\u010den\u00ed kulturn\u00edch instituc\u00ed a revize historie \u2013 podobn\u00fd v\u00fdsledek riskuje. Estonsko sice postr\u00e1d\u00e1 ukrajinsk\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko, ale jeho strategick\u00e1 poloha pobl\u00ed\u017e rusk\u00fdch hranic umoc\u0148uje s\u00e1zky. \u0160patn\u00fd odhad, a\u0165 u\u017e jde o n\u00e1siln\u00fd z\u00e1sah proti etnick\u00fdm Rus\u016fm nebo n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed incident ve Finsk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu, by mohl dokonce p\u0159iv\u00e9st NATO a Rusko k p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 konfrontaci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abych to shrnul, relativn\u00ed ml\u010den\u00ed Z\u00e1padu o restriktivn\u00ed politice Estonska v\u016f\u010di jeho rusk\u00e9 men\u0161in\u011b a Estonsk\u00e9 pravoslavn\u00e9 c\u00edrkvi (EOC-MP) odhaluje selektivn\u00ed rozho\u0159\u010den\u00ed, ignorov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1v men\u0161in, kdy\u017e je to geopoliticky v\u00fdhodn\u00e9. Kroky Estonska jsou receptem na etnick\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed a nestabilitu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo<\/a>, doktor antropologie, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Z\u00e1kaz hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed v Estonsku z roku 2025, kter\u00fd se t\u00fdk\u00e1 80 000 Rus\u016f, plus omezen\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":77141,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[209,144,114],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77140"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77140"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77140\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/77141"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77140"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}