{"id":76924,"date":"2025-04-21T06:05:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-21T04:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=76924"},"modified":"2025-04-21T06:05:00","modified_gmt":"2025-04-21T04:05:00","slug":"infrazvuk-z-vetrnych-turbin-zdravotni-riziko-nebo-nocebo-efekt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/04\/21\/infrazvuk-z-vetrnych-turbin-zdravotni-riziko-nebo-nocebo-efekt\/","title":{"rendered":"Infrazvuk z v\u011btrn\u00fdch turb\u00edn: zdravotn\u00ed riziko nebo nocebo efekt?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

V\u011btrn\u00e9 turb\u00edny jsou podez\u0159el\u00e9 z toho, \u017ee infrazvukem po\u0161kozuj\u00ed zdrav\u00ed lid\u00ed a zv\u00ed\u0159at v okol\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco kritici varuj\u00ed, existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 \u010detn\u00e9 studie, kter\u00e9 hovo\u0159\u00ed o nocebo efektu. S ob\u011bma stranami je t\u0159eba zach\u00e1zet opatrn\u011b. Zejm\u00e9na syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd v sou\u010dasnosti slou\u017e\u00ed energetick\u00e9mu p\u0159echodu v r\u00e1mci \u201ezelen\u00e9 dohody\u201c, nechce p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u011bt \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 protiargumenty. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek zkoum\u00e1 r\u016fzn\u00e9 perspektivy a mo\u017en\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky, od kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f po psychick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010cl\u00e1nek\u00a0<\/span>od Blackout News bije na poplach<\/span><\/a> : Infrazvuk, nesly\u0161iteln\u00e9 n\u00edzkofrekven\u010dn\u00ed zvukov\u00e9 vlny z v\u011btrn\u00fdch turb\u00edn (WT), by mohly b\u00fdt zdrav\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Auto\u0159i poukazuj\u00ed na studie, kter\u00e9 prokazuj\u00ed poruchy sp\u00e1nku, stres nebo dokonce kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed probl\u00e9my v okol\u00ed v\u011btrn\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren. Jako riziko je vyzdvihov\u00e1na zejm\u00e9na schopnost infrazvuku pronikat st\u011bnami a b\u00fdt m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fd na velk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti (a\u017e 10 km).<\/span><\/p>\n

Obyvatel\u00e9 si st\u011b\u017euj\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edznaky, jako jsou bolesti hlavy, z\u00e1vrat\u011b nebo probl\u00e9my s koncentrac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ipisuj\u00ed rotor\u016fm. Blackout News kritizuje skute\u010dnost, \u017ee \u00fa\u0159ady tyto st\u00ed\u017enosti \u010dasto odm\u00edtaj\u00ed jako psychosomatick\u00e9 a zanedb\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00fdzkum infrazvukov\u00fdch rizik.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato varov\u00e1n\u00ed podporuj\u00ed odborn\u00edci, jako je profesor Ken Mattsson z Uppsalsk\u00e9 univerzity. V rozhovoru (2025) zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee modern\u00ed, v\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011btrn\u00e9 turb\u00edny generuj\u00ed v\u00edce infrazvuku ne\u017e star\u0161\u00ed modely. Poukazuje na studie, kter\u00e9 prokazuj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky na autonomn\u00ed nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m a mozkovou aktivitu i pod prahem vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed 110\u2013120 dB.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mattsson po\u017eaduje minim\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti 5 km od obytn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed, proto\u017ee infrazvuk nelze odst\u00ednit. Dr. Ursula Bellutov\u00e1-Staeck, l\u00e9ka\u0159ka a kriti\u010dka infrazvuku, varuje (2024) p\u0159ed mo\u017en\u00fdm po\u0161kozen\u00edm endoteli\u00e1ln\u00edch bun\u011bk v krevn\u00edch c\u00e9v\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 by mohlo v\u00e9st k vysok\u00e9mu krevn\u00edmu tlaku nebo nespavosti. Vych\u00e1z\u00ed z metaanal\u00fdzy z roku 2021 a zm\u011bn v chov\u00e1n\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at, jako je sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 produkce ml\u00e9ka u krav nebo stres u mo\u0159sk\u00fdch savc\u016f. Jako precedens je citov\u00e1no rozhodnut\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9ho soudu z roku 2021, kter\u00e9 uznalo po\u0161kozen\u00ed zdrav\u00ed infrazvukem na vzd\u00e1lenost 700\u20131 300 m.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina studi\u00ed financovan\u00fdch syst\u00e9mem je v rozporu s t\u011bmito varov\u00e1n\u00edmi. St\u00e1tn\u00ed agentura pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed B\u00e1densko-W\u00fcrttembersko (LUBW, 2016) zkoumala hladiny infrazvuku ve vzd\u00e1lenosti 150\u2013300 m od v\u011btrn\u00fdch turb\u00edn a zjistila hodnoty hluboko pod prahem vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed (cca 60 dB). Od 700 m ji\u017e nebyl infrazvuk rozeznateln\u00fd od p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho pozad\u00ed, jako je hluk v\u011btru. Dom\u00e1c\u00ed spot\u0159ebi\u010de, jako jsou pra\u010dky, n\u011bkdy produkuj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b. LUBW vylu\u010duje zdravotn\u00ed rizika, pokud jsou dodr\u017eeny p\u0159edpisy o vzd\u00e1lenosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Australsk\u00e1 studie Woolcockova institutu (2023) to podpo\u0159ila: Ve sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9 laborato\u0159i bylo 37 subjekt\u016f citliv\u00fdch na hluk vystaveno hladin\u00e1m infrazvuku (90 dB) vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm ne\u017e na v\u011btrn\u00e9 farm\u011b vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 390 m. Po t\u0159ech noc\u00edch se neprojevily \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky na sp\u00e1nek, zdrav\u00ed srdce ani psychickou pohodu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studie vyvrac\u00ed takzvan\u00fd \u201esyndrom v\u011btrn\u00fdch turb\u00edn\u201c a nazna\u010duje nocebo efekt, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m negativn\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed spou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky. Podobn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky p\u0159inesla finsk\u00e1 dlouhodob\u00e1 studie (2020), kter\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159ila infrazvuk na vzd\u00e1lenost 1,5 km po dobu 308 dn\u016f a nezjistila \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 fyziologick\u00e9 zm\u011bny. Nocebo efektu byly p\u0159ips\u00e1ny tak\u00e9 st\u00ed\u017enosti 15 % obyvatel.<\/span><\/p>\n

Teorii nocebo efektu podporuj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed studie. Anal\u00fdza v German Medical Journal (2019) uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee st\u00ed\u017enosti v Austr\u00e1lii prudce vzrostly po vyd\u00e1n\u00ed knihy \u201eSyndrom v\u011btrn\u00fdch turb\u00edn\u201c (2009). Zaslepen\u00e1 studie Crichtona a spol. (2015) zjistili, \u017ee u subjekt\u016f se rozvinuly p\u0159\u00edznaky, kdy\u017e vid\u011bli materi\u00e1l proti v\u011btru \u2013 bez ohledu na skute\u010dnou expozici infrazvuku. Vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed o nocebo efektu v\u00fdznamn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eilo p\u0159\u00edznaky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Infrazvuk samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nen\u00ed jedin\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem spojen\u00fdm s v\u011btrn\u00fdmi turb\u00ednami. Report24 podrobn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u00ed:\u00a0<\/span>Fat\u00e1ln\u00ed bilance: Toto je sedm nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch \u0161kodliv\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f v\u011btrn\u00fdch turb\u00edn<\/span><\/a> . Kdy\u017e mluv\u00edme o infrazvuku, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee jde o \u201eneviditeln\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed\u201c, p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, kter\u00fd je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd p\u0159i stra\u0161en\u00ed lid\u00ed. Mezi neviditeln\u00e1 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pat\u0159ily nap\u0159\u00edklad \u00fadajn\u00e9 freony ni\u010d\u00edc\u00ed oz\u00f3n, \u201ekysel\u00e9 de\u0161t\u011b\u201c, podvod s CO2 a pandemie Covid-19. V\u0161echny tyto v\u011bci maj\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 to, \u017ee jako jednotlivec bez odborn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed a drah\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159ic\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f nem\u016f\u017eete ov\u011b\u0159it, kter\u00e1 tvrzen\u00ed jsou spr\u00e1vn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Navzdory domn\u011bl\u00e9mu v\u011bdeck\u00e9mu konsenzu z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed ot\u00e1zky nezodpov\u011bzeny. (Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee v\u011bda nen\u00ed v\u011bc\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inov\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru, ale pravdy.) D\u00e1nsk\u00e9 kohortn\u00ed studie (Poulsen et al., 2018\u20132019) s v\u00edce ne\u017e 500 000 lidmi zjistily zv\u00fd\u0161enou pot\u0159ebu pom\u016fcek na span\u00ed a antidepresiv v bl\u00edzkosti v\u011btrn\u00fdch turb\u00edn, co\u017e podporuje subjektivn\u00ed st\u00ed\u017enosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kauzalitu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm infrazvuku se v\u0161ak nepoda\u0159ilo prok\u00e1zat, proto\u017ee roli mohl hr\u00e1t i sly\u0161iteln\u00fd hluk nebo stres. Kritici jako Bellut-Staeck volaj\u00ed po dlouhodob\u00fdch studi\u00edch chronick\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f, proto\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina studi\u00ed je kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch. Kontroverzn\u00ed jsou tak\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky na zv\u00ed\u0159ata. Mattsson a Bellut-Staeck pouk\u00e1zali na zm\u011bny v chov\u00e1n\u00ed divok\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at a mo\u0159sk\u00fdch savc\u016f, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak nelze jednozna\u010dn\u011b p\u0159i\u010d\u00edst infrazvuku.<\/span><\/p>\n

V opozici v\u016f\u010di projekt\u016fm v\u011btrn\u00fdch turb\u00edn je proto vhodn\u00e9 ned\u00e1vat infrazvuku nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed prioritu \u2013 nicm\u00e9n\u011b mnoho hlas\u016f mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b poukazuje na to, \u017ee neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9 studie budou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 pro zdrav\u00ed obyvatel \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch v bl\u00edzkosti turb\u00edn. Jin\u00e9 \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky se prokazuj\u00ed sn\u00e1ze a nejsou kontroverzn\u00ed \u2013 jako je ni\u010den\u00ed hmyzu a ptactva, ni\u010den\u00ed les\u016f a znetvo\u0159en\u00ed krajiny.<\/span><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u011btrn\u00e9 turb\u00edny jsou podez\u0159el\u00e9 z toho, \u017ee infrazvukem po\u0161kozuj\u00ed zdrav\u00ed lid\u00ed a zv\u00ed\u0159at v okol\u00ed….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":76925,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[7349,2625,21],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76924"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=76924"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76924\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/76925"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76924"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=76924"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=76924"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}