{"id":76453,"date":"2025-04-16T00:11:19","date_gmt":"2025-04-15T22:11:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=76453"},"modified":"2025-04-15T11:03:53","modified_gmt":"2025-04-15T09:03:53","slug":"thomas-roper-k-cemu-jsou-zapadni-stihacky-na-ukrajine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/04\/16\/thomas-roper-k-cemu-jsou-zapadni-stihacky-na-ukrajine\/","title":{"rendered":"Thomas R\u00f6per: K \u010demu jsou z\u00e1padn\u00ed st\u00edha\u010dky na Ukrajin\u011b?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Poprv\u00e9 byl ruskou protivzdu\u0161nou obranou sest\u0159elen ukrajinsk\u00fd F-16. O \u00fasp\u011bchu t\u011bchto trysk\u00e1\u010d\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly prezentov\u00e1ny jako dal\u0161\u00ed \u201ez\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00e1 zbra\u0148\u201c, v\u0161ak nic nesly\u0161\u00edme.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pot\u00e9, co Ukrajina p\u0159edt\u00edm ztratila F-16 vlastn\u00ed protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obran\u011b, bylo to poprv\u00e9, co byla rusk\u00e1 protivzdu\u0161n\u00e1 obrana sest\u0159elena ukrajinsk\u00e1 F-16. Nemluv\u00ed se v\u0161ak o \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdch \u00fasp\u011b\u0161\u00edch, kter\u00e9 F-16 na Ukrajinu p\u0159inesly, krom\u011b toho, \u017ee pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nesou britsk\u00e9 a francouzsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 st\u0159ely.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rusk\u00fd vojensk\u00fd expert napsal pro ruskou tiskovou agenturu TASS\u00a0<\/span>\u010dl\u00e1nek<\/span><\/a>\u00a0o v\u00fdhod\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 z\u00e1padn\u00ed letadla p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed Ukrajin\u011b, a j\u00e1 jsem \u010dl\u00e1nek p\u0159elo\u017eil.<\/span><\/p>\n

Za\u010d\u00e1tek p\u0159ekladu:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Bitva o vzdu\u0161nou nadvl\u00e1du: Jak ovlivn\u00ed zni\u010den\u00ed F-16 ukrajinsk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Igor Korotschenko o tom, co ztr\u00e1ta st\u00edha\u010dky znamen\u00e1 pro ukrajinsk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly a kolik jich zb\u00fdv\u00e1.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Rusk\u00e9 ministerstvo obrany 13. dubna ozn\u00e1milo, \u017ee rusk\u00e1 protivzdu\u0161n\u00e1 obrana sest\u0159elila F-16 ukrajinsk\u00e9ho letectva. Jednalo se o prvn\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed potvrzen\u00ed z Ruska o zni\u010den\u00ed americk\u00e9 st\u00edha\u010dky b\u011bhem vojensk\u00e9 operace.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fd ohe\u0148<\/span><\/h3>\n

Nejde v\u0161ak o prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad zni\u010den\u00ed F-16 ukrajinsk\u00fdm letectvem. Jak zn\u00e1mo, prvn\u00ed F-16 byla sest\u0159elena koncem lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku. Tehdy byla americk\u00e1 st\u00edha\u010dka, kterou pilotoval ukrajinsk\u00fd pilot Aleksej Mes, sest\u0159elena ukrajinsk\u00fdm protiletadlov\u00fdm raketov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem Patriot. Do\u0161lo k tomu v d\u016fsledku nekoordinovan\u00fdch akc\u00ed mezi jednotkami protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany ukrajinsk\u00e9ho letectva, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaly Patriot, a ukrajinsk\u00fdm letectvem. Do\u0161lo k takzvan\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9mu ohni.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad znovu ukazuje, \u017ee st\u00edha\u010dky F-16 nejsou absolutn\u00ed zbran\u00ed, na kterou ukrajinsk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 a politick\u00e9 veden\u00ed spol\u00e9halo. Zni\u010den\u00ed c\u00edle tentokr\u00e1t zajistila protivzdu\u0161n\u00e1 obrana rusk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy, pro kterou c\u00edle jako F-16 nep\u0159edstavuj\u00ed v\u016fbec \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m.<\/span><\/p>\n

S nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed byl F-16 zni\u010den bu\u010f protiletadlov\u00fdm raketov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem dlouh\u00e9ho doletu S-300V4 nebo protiletadlov\u00fdm raketov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem st\u0159edn\u00edho doletu Buk-M2\/Buk-M3, kter\u00fdmi jsou rusk\u00e9 jednotky velmi dob\u0159e vybaveny. Slou\u017e\u00ed jako protivzdu\u0161n\u00e1 obrana pro rusk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edc\u00ed se vojensk\u00e9 operace. Syst\u00e9my protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany jsou schopny zas\u00e1hnout c\u00edle ve vzduchu nad Ukrajinou v dosahu pou\u017eit\u00fdch raket.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kvalifikace ukrajinsk\u00fdch pilot\u016f<\/span><\/h3>\n

Nutno podotknout, \u017ee kvalifikace ukrajinsk\u00fdch pilot\u016f pln\u00edc\u00edch bojov\u00e9 mise na americk\u00fdch F-16 evidentn\u011b neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 profesn\u00edm po\u017eadavk\u016fm, tzn. je nedostate\u010dn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve v\u0161ech mis\u00edch, zejm\u00e9na bojov\u00fdch, je jedn\u00edm z povinn\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f l\u00e9tat v extr\u00e9mn\u011b mal\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch, aby bylo obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 odhalit F-16 a aby se zabr\u00e1nilo palb\u011b rusk\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany. Kvalifikace ukrajinsk\u00e9ho pilota l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00edho na F-16 byla nedostate\u010dn\u00e1; byl \u00fadajn\u011b vystaven na obrazovk\u00e1ch rusk\u00fdch radar\u016f a\/nebo radarov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed S-300V4 nebo Buk-M3\/M3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Po identifikaci c\u00edle pomoc\u00ed syst\u00e9mu Identification Friend or Foe bylo potvrzeno, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fd st\u00edhac\u00ed letoun. V souladu s t\u00edm byla raketa odp\u00e1lena.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pilot F-16 bu\u010f nev\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee na n\u011bj rusk\u00e9 s\u00edly vyp\u00e1lily protiletadlov\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 st\u0159ely, nebo nebyl schopen prov\u00e9st \u00fahybn\u00fd man\u00e9vr, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b byl man\u00e9vr ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd. V\u00fdsledkem byla prohra v bitv\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Stejn\u00fd osud potk\u00e1 jak\u00fdkoli jin\u00fd z\u00e1padn\u00ed bojov\u00fd letoun, kter\u00fd budou m\u00edt ukrajinsk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly k dispozici.<\/span><\/p>\n

Obrana proti dron\u016fm<\/span><\/h3>\n

Z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed a udr\u017een\u00ed vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 nadvl\u00e1dy, a to i v hlubin\u00e1ch ukrajinsk\u00e9ho vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho prostoru, daleko od linie dotyku, je jedn\u00edm z prim\u00e1rn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f rusk\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil. Jde o d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st, kter\u00e1 mimo jin\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uje \u00fasp\u011bch rusk\u00fdch jednotek na boji\u0161ti. Bezpilotn\u00ed letouny proto z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed pro Ukrajinu jedinou mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak efektivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edt schopnosti leteck\u00e9ho \u00faderu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rusk\u00fd obrann\u00fd pr\u016fmysl se v t\u00e9to souvislosti zam\u011b\u0159uje nejen na v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdroby protiletadlov\u00fdch raketov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f a syst\u00e9m\u016f v\u0161ech existuj\u00edc\u00edch typ\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 na modernizaci protiletadlov\u00e9ho d\u011blost\u0159electva. Jedn\u00edm z prost\u0159edk\u016f zlep\u0161en\u00ed schopnost\u00ed rusk\u00e9 protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany \u2013 zejm\u00e9na odr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed \u00fatok\u016f ukrajinsk\u00fdch bezpilotn\u00edch letoun\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f jak v bojov\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b, tak p\u0159i \u00fatoc\u00edch na objekty hluboko na rusk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed \u2013 je modernizace protiletadlov\u00fdch d\u011bl SU-23. V arzen\u00e1lech a skladech jich jsou des\u00edtky tis\u00edc.<\/span><\/p>\n

Modernizac\u00ed, kterou lze pom\u011brn\u011b efektivn\u011b prov\u00e9st, je modernizace SU-23 instalac\u00ed optoelektronick\u00e9 jednotky s televiz\u00ed a termovizn\u00edmi kamerami, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje vzdu\u0161n\u00fd pr\u016fzkum v kteroukoli denn\u00ed dobu. Laserov\u00fd d\u00e1lkom\u011br ur\u010duje vzd\u00e1lenost k c\u00edli a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed je prov\u00e1d\u011bno automatick\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem sledov\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00edle. Syst\u00e9my jsou nav\u00edc vybaveny syst\u00e9mem pro programovateln\u00e9 zap\u00e1len\u00ed st\u0159ely.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vylep\u0161en\u00fd SU-23 se tak st\u00e1v\u00e1 prost\u0159edkem vysoce p\u0159esn\u00e9ho boje. Podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru by na t\u011bchto modernizovan\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch m\u011blo vych\u00e1zet kryt\u00ed ropn\u00fdch a plynov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed hluboko na rusk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed a tak\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, jako jsou muni\u010dn\u00ed sklady a sklady zbran\u00ed. Pro n\u011b nen\u00ed probl\u00e9m bojovat s jak\u00fdmkoli c\u00edlem v podob\u011b dron\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1padn\u00ed st\u00edha\u010dky nep\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ukrajinsk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly maj\u00ed \u00fadajn\u011b n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek z\u00e1padn\u00edch st\u00edha\u010dek um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch na leti\u0161t\u00edch v z\u00e1padn\u00edch oblastech Ukrajiny a mo\u017en\u00e1 tak\u00e9 na leti\u0161t\u00edch v Rumunsku a Polsku. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee ukrajinsk\u00e9mu letectvu zbylo jen n\u011bkolik letoun\u016f Su-27 a MiG-29 \u2013 ne v\u00edce ne\u017e 20.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na cest\u011b jsou tak\u00e9 z\u00e1padn\u00ed st\u00edha\u010dky z \u0159ady zem\u00ed NATO: F-16 a Mirage 2000 jsou nasazov\u00e1ny z Francie. Celkov\u00e1 flotila ukrajinsk\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b tvo\u0159it asi 30 a\u017e 40 a maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 50 takov\u00fdch bojov\u00fdch letadel. Ale i zde je jejich bojov\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost vzhledem k nedostatku kvalifikovan\u00fdch ukrajinsk\u00fdch pilot\u016f st\u00e1le extr\u00e9mn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e1, tak\u017ee tato technika nep\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem k pr\u016fb\u011bhu bojov\u00fdch operac\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Konec p\u0159ekladu<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Thomas R\u00f6per<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Poprv\u00e9 byl ruskou protivzdu\u0161nou obranou sest\u0159elen ukrajinsk\u00fd F-16. O \u00fasp\u011bchu t\u011bchto trysk\u00e1\u010d\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly prezentov\u00e1ny…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":69010,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,4978,22,26],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76453"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=76453"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76453\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/69010"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76453"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=76453"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=76453"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}