{"id":7630,"date":"2022-01-19T03:29:12","date_gmt":"2022-01-19T02:29:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=7630"},"modified":"2022-01-19T03:29:12","modified_gmt":"2022-01-19T02:29:12","slug":"vedci-se-snazi-monitorovat-sopku-tonga-po-masivni-erupci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/01\/19\/vedci-se-snazi-monitorovat-sopku-tonga-po-masivni-erupci\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u011bdci se sna\u017e\u00ed monitorovat sopku Tonga po masivn\u00ed erupci"},"content":{"rendered":"
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V\u011bdci se sna\u017e\u00ed monitorovat aktivn\u00ed sopku, kter\u00e1 o minul\u00e9m v\u00edkendu vybuchla u jihopacifick\u00e9ho ostrova Tonga pot\u00e9, co exploze zni\u010dila jej\u00ed kr\u00e1ter na hladin\u011b mo\u0159e, \u010d\u00edm\u017e ho pono\u0159ila a zakryla p\u0159ed satelity.<\/p>\n

Erupce sopky Hunga-Tonga-Hunga-Ha’apai vyslala vlny tsunami p\u0159es Tich\u00fd oce\u00e1n a byla sly\u0161et asi 2.300 kilometr\u016f daleko na Nov\u00e9m Z\u00e9landu.<\/p>\n

\u201eV tuto chv\u00edli n\u00e1s znepokojuje, jak m\u00e1lo informac\u00ed m\u00e1me a to je d\u011bsiv\u00e9,\u201c \u0159ekla Janine Krippnerov\u00e1, novoz\u00e9landsk\u00e1 vulkanolo\u017eka ze Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program.<\/p>\n

\u201eKdy\u017e je pr\u016fduch pod vodou, nic n\u00e1m nem\u016f\u017ee \u0159\u00edct, co se bude d\u00edt d\u00e1l.\u201c<\/p>\n

Krippnerov\u00e1 \u0159ekla, \u017ee n\u00e1stroje na m\u00edst\u011b byly pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u0159i erupci zni\u010deny a vulkanologick\u00e1 komunita shroma\u017e\u010fuje nejlep\u0161\u00ed dostupn\u00e1 data a odborn\u00e9 znalosti, aby zhodnotila v\u00fdbuch a p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bla o\u010dek\u00e1vanou budouc\u00ed aktivitu.<\/p>\n

Sobotn\u00ed erupce byla tak siln\u00e1, \u017ee vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 satelity zachytily nejen obrovsk\u00e1 mra\u010dna popela, ale tak\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9rickou r\u00e1zovou vlnu, kter\u00e1 ze sopky vyza\u0159ovala rychlost\u00ed bl\u00edzkou zvuku.<\/p>\n

Fotografie a videa uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee nad ji\u017en\u00edm Pacifikem se val\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 mraky popela a na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Tongy se val\u00ed metr vysok\u00e9 vlny.<\/p>\n

Na Tonze zat\u00edm nejsou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy o zran\u011bn\u00edch nebo \u00famrt\u00edch, ale internetov\u00e1 a telefonn\u00ed komunikace je extr\u00e9mn\u011b omezen\u00e1 a odlehl\u00e9 pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed oblasti z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed od\u0159\u00edznuty.<\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edci uvedli, \u017ee sopka, kter\u00e1 naposledy vybuchla v roce 2014, vyfukovala kou\u0159, ne\u017e se stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed magma, p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00e9 na asi 1.000 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia, v sobotu setkalo s 20stup\u0148ovou mo\u0159skou vodou, co\u017e zp\u016fsobilo okam\u017eitou a masivn\u00ed explozi.<\/p>\n

Neobvykl\u00e1 \u201eohromuj\u00edc\u00ed\u201c rychlost a s\u00edla erupce nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee ve h\u0159e je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed s\u00edla ne\u017e pouh\u00e9 setk\u00e1n\u00ed magmatu s vodou, uvedli v\u011bdci.<\/p>\n

Jak se p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00e9 magma rychle zvedlo a setkalo se s chladnou mo\u0159skou vodou, vytvo\u0159il se obrovsk\u00fd objem sope\u010dn\u00fdch plyn\u016f, kter\u00e9 zes\u00edlily explozi, \u0159ekl Raymond Cas, profesor vulkanologie na australsk\u00e9 Monash University.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed vulkanologov\u00e9 p\u0159irovn\u00e1vaj\u00ed erupci k erupci Pinatubo na Filip\u00edn\u00e1ch v roce 1991, druh\u00e9 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sope\u010dn\u00e9 erupci 20. stolet\u00ed, kter\u00e1 zabila kolem 800 lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Agentura Tonga Geological Services, kter\u00e1 sopku monitorovala, byla 17. ledna nedostupn\u00e1. V\u011bt\u0161ina komunikace s Tongou byla p\u0159eru\u0161ena pot\u00e9, co hlavn\u00ed podmo\u0159sk\u00fd komunika\u010dn\u00ed kabel ztratil energii.<\/p>\n

Americk\u00fd meteorolog Chris Vagasky studoval blesky v okol\u00ed sopky a zjistil, \u017ee ve dnech, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edch\u00e1zely erupci, narostla jejich intenzita na asi 30.000 \u00fader\u016f. V den erupce detekoval za pouh\u00e9 t\u0159i hodiny 400.000 blesk\u016f, co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 100 blesk\u016fm za sekundu.<\/p>\n

Pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011bhem erupce Anak Krakatau v roce 2018, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobila, \u017ee se \u010d\u00e1st kr\u00e1teru zhroutila do Sundsk\u00e9ho pr\u016flivu a vyslala tsunami k z\u00e1padn\u00ed J\u00e1v\u011b, kter\u00e1 zabila stovky lid\u00ed, bylo detekov\u00e1no 8.000 \u00fader\u016f blesku za hodinu.<\/p>\n

Raymond Cas \u0159ekl, \u017ee je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159edv\u00eddat n\u00e1slednou aktivitu a \u017ee pr\u016fduchy sopky by mohly pokra\u010dovat v uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed plyn\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edho materi\u00e1lu po dobu t\u00fddn\u016f nebo m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u201eNebylo by neobvykl\u00e9, kdyby do\u0161lo k n\u011bkolika dal\u0161\u00edm erupc\u00edm, i kdy\u017e mo\u017en\u00e1 ne tak velk\u00fdm jako v sobotu,\u201c \u0159ekl. \u201eJakmile se sopka zbav\u00ed plyn\u016f, uklidn\u00ed se.\u201c<\/p>\n

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V\u011bdci se sna\u017e\u00ed monitorovat aktivn\u00ed sopku, kter\u00e1 o minul\u00e9m v\u00edkendu vybuchla u jihopacifick\u00e9ho ostrova Tonga…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7631,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1734,1561],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7630"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7630"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7630\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7631"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7630"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7630"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7630"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}