{"id":73940,"date":"2025-03-10T00:11:10","date_gmt":"2025-03-09T23:11:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=73940"},"modified":"2025-03-09T14:02:40","modified_gmt":"2025-03-09T13:02:40","slug":"predchudci-dnesniho-lidskeho-druhu-staveli-ze-dreva-temer-pred-500-000-lety","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/03\/10\/predchudci-dnesniho-lidskeho-druhu-staveli-ze-dreva-temer-pred-500-000-lety\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159edch\u016fdci dne\u0161n\u00edho lidsk\u00e9ho druhu stav\u011bli ze d\u0159eva t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 p\u0159ed 500 000 lety"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><span>N\u00e1lezy na \u0159ece Kalambo, kter\u00e1 tvo\u0159\u00ed hranici mezi Zambi\u00ed a Tanzani\u00ed, dokazuj\u00ed, \u017ee ji\u017e p\u0159edkov\u00e9 na\u0161eho lidsk\u00e9ho druhu (Homo sapiens) um\u011bli d\u0159evo opracov\u00e1vat a vyu\u017e\u00edvat ke stavb\u011b. Stopy pra\u010dlov\u011bka se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed nejen v Africe, ale i v Evrop\u011b. Historie lid\u00ed a bytost\u00ed podobn\u00fdch lidem, kte\u0159\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvali n\u00e1stroje k v\u00fdrob\u011b p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, sah\u00e1 miliony let do minulosti.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>V roce 2023 v\u011bdci zve\u0159ejnili objev\u00a0, kter\u00fd u\u010dinili na \u0159ece Kalambo,\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-023-06557-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>v \u010dasopise Nature<\/span><\/a><span> . Najdete tam r\u016fzn\u00e1 sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o lidsk\u00e9 a p\u0159edlidsk\u00e9 kultu\u0159e trvaj\u00edc\u00ed tis\u00edce let. Tento n\u00e1lez je ale zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, proto\u017ee na z\u00e1klad\u011b konstrukce p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 pomoc\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f, v n\u00ed\u017e byly spojeny dv\u011b kl\u00e1dy, dokazuje, \u017ee tak slo\u017eit\u00e1 \u010dinnost byla mo\u017en\u00e1 ji\u017e d\u00e1vno. Objev d\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fvod zpochybnit dogma, \u017ee lid\u0161t\u00ed p\u0159edci vedli v podstat\u011b ko\u010dovn\u00fd \u017eivot a nezakl\u00e1dali trval\u00e1 s\u00eddla.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/maps\/embed?pb=!1m18!1m12!1m3!1d14918515.745710585!2d26.041038563507986!3d-4.853937721131843!2m3!1f0!2f0!3f0!3m2!1i1024!2i768!4f13.1!3m3!1m2!1s0x19a7ca3f015c5389%3A0xc95dd4a7664adb94!2sKalambo%20River!5e0!3m2!1sde!2sat!4v1741283527175!5m2!1sde!2sat\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span>\u0158eka Kalambo le\u017e\u00ed ji\u017en\u011b od rovn\u00edku ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Africe. P\u0159ed 500 000 lety byla v\u011bt\u0161ina Evropy pokryta ledovci. Existuje mnoho n\u00e1lez\u016f z t\u00e9to oblasti, kter\u00e9 ukazuj\u00ed na mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b ranou aktivitu inteligentn\u00edch hominid\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-140225\" src=\"https:\/\/report24.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-9.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 911px) 100vw, 911px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/report24.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-9.png 911w, https:\/\/report24.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-9-768x470.png 768w, https:\/\/report24.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-9-600x367.png 600w\" alt=\"\" width=\"860\" height=\"526\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><span>Tato nejstar\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e1 d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e1 konstrukce na sv\u011bt\u011b byla \u00fadajn\u011b vytvo\u0159ena asi p\u0159ed 476 000 lety pomoc\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Sou\u010dasn\u00fd lidsk\u00fd druh se \u00fadajn\u011b objevil asi p\u0159ed 300 000 lety. Tento odhad je zalo\u017een na n\u00e1lezech v Maroku. P\u0159edt\u00edm a ve stejnou dobu \u00fadajn\u011b existovali neandrt\u00e1lci (p\u0159ed 400 000 \u2013 40 000 lety) a Homo Erectus (p\u0159ed 1,9 miliony a\u017e 100 000 lety). Homo habilis je star\u00fd 2,1 milionu a\u017e 1,5 milionu let. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se, \u017ee hominidi (lid\u00e9 podobn\u00ed tvorov\u00e9) existovali asi 6 milion\u016f let.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Znovu a znovu byly nalezeny n\u00e1stroje, kter\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee prehistori\u010dt\u00ed a ran\u00ed lid\u00e9 ji\u017e m\u011bli inteligenci. Nejstar\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 kamenn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje byly nalezeny v Keni a jsou star\u00e9 3,3 milionu let. Kost\u011bn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje byly objeveny v Etiopii a jejich st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se odhaduje na 2,6 milionu let. Pou\u017eit\u00ed ohn\u011b je zdokumentov\u00e1no v Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe a Izraeli p\u0159ed 1,8 a\u017e 1,5 miliony let.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Dosud nejstar\u0161\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00e1 d\u00edla jsou datov\u00e1na do doby kolem 500 000 let, podobn\u011b jako v\u00fd\u0161e popsan\u00e1 d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e1 konstrukce \u2013 jsou to rytiny na lastur\u00e1ch mu\u0161l\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly objeveny v Indon\u00e9sii. Tento objev odm\u00edtl teorii, \u017ee symbolick\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed za\u010dalo pouze \u201eHomo sapiens\u201c. V oblasti hudby jsou dosud nejstar\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1lezy star\u00e9 \u201epouh\u00fdch\u201c 60 000 let, jedn\u00e1 se o fl\u00e9tnu vyrobenou z kosti jeskynn\u00edho medv\u011bda nalezen\u00e9ho ve Slovinsku.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Nejstar\u0161\u00ed stopy ran\u00fdch hominid\u016f v Evrop\u011b poch\u00e1zej\u00ed ze \u0160pan\u011blska a Gruzie a poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z doby p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e milionem let.\u00a0<\/span><em><span>Homo antecessor<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0, jeho\u017e fosilie byly objeveny v Atapuerce, \u017eil asi p\u0159ed 1,2 a\u017e 0,8 miliony let a je diskutov\u00e1n jako mo\u017en\u00fd p\u0159edek neandrt\u00e1lc\u016f. Pou\u017e\u00edval \u0159ezn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, o \u010dem\u017e sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed stopy na kostech.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>N\u00e1lezy z Barranco Le\u00f3n ve \u0160pan\u011blsku, v\u010detn\u011b zubu, nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee v t\u00e9 dob\u011b ji\u017e Evropu ob\u00fdvali ran\u00ed lid\u00e9. Jeden z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch objev\u016f poch\u00e1z\u00ed z Dmanisi v Gruzii: byly zde nalezeny lebky star\u00e9 1,8 milionu let,\u00a0klasifikovan\u00e9 jako\u00a0<\/span><em><span>Homo erectus georgicus .<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-71983\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/aaa.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"89\" height=\"23\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>N\u00e1lezy na \u0159ece Kalambo, kter\u00e1 tvo\u0159\u00ed hranici mezi Zambi\u00ed a Tanzani\u00ed, dokazuj\u00ed, \u017ee ji\u017e p\u0159edkov\u00e9&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":73941,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1712,398,7308],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73940"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=73940"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73940\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/73941"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73940"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=73940"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=73940"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}