{"id":73778,"date":"2025-03-07T00:18:56","date_gmt":"2025-03-06T23:18:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=73778"},"modified":"2025-03-06T15:57:27","modified_gmt":"2025-03-06T14:57:27","slug":"pepe-escobar-proc-cinske-modely-odvadeji-americany-na-technologicke-draze","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/03\/07\/pepe-escobar-proc-cinske-modely-odvadeji-americany-na-technologicke-draze\/","title":{"rendered":"Pepe Escobar: Pro\u010d \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 modely odv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed Ameri\u010dany na technologick\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb4c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content\" data-id=\"1fb4c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-content.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p>Kdy\u017e prezident Si \u0164in-pching ned\u00e1vno uspo\u0159\u00e1dal vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 setk\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159edn\u00edmi \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdmi technologick\u00fdmi osobnostmi \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b \u201erehabilitovan\u00e9ho\u201c zakladatele Alibaby Jacka Ma \u2013 vyzval je, aby \u201euk\u00e1zali sv\u016fj talent\u201c. V p\u0159ekladu to znamen\u00e1: \u010c\u00edna jde naplno do technologick\u00e9 v\u00e1lky s USA.<\/p>\n<p>Nen\u00ed proto divu, \u017ee mezi pozvan\u00fdmi hosty byl i mlad\u00fd Liang Wenfeng, zakladatel vlajkov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti AI \u200b\u200bDeepSeek.<\/p>\n<p>DeepSeek nejen ot\u0159\u00e1sl Silicon Valley, ale tak\u00e9 vyvedl z rovnov\u00e1hy ji\u017e tak paranoidn\u00ed americk\u00fd n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9m. Pekingu ale nejde o podvracen\u00ed, ale o vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence \u2013 osvobozen\u00e9ho od americk\u00fdch monopol\u016f a produkt\u016f Nvidie. Pr\u016fmyslov\u00ed giganti jako Alibaba, Huawei a Tencent pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b integruj\u00ed svou infrastrukturu s DeepSeek.<\/p>\n<p>Tento v\u00fdvoj hladce zapad\u00e1 do \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 strategie \u201eMade in China 2025\u201c, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e zemi katapultovala na vrchol v mnoha kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch oblastech \u2013 od elektrick\u00fdch vozidel a bateri\u00ed p\u0159es sol\u00e1rn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky a chytr\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b a\u017e po \u0161pi\u010dkovou v\u00fdrobu. Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 pr\u016flomy se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 technologie, jako jsou polovodi\u010de a leteck\u00fd pr\u016fmysl.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 ko\u0159eny a revoluce DeepSeek<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>DeepSeek v\u0161ak nen\u00ed produktem miliardov\u00fdch v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00ed v Silicon Valley. S\u00e1m Liang Wenfeng prozradil:<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8222;Nebudu lh\u00e1t, na\u0161e AI je zalo\u017eena na sov\u011btsk\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji &#8211; syst\u00e9mu OGAS akademika Glu\u0161kova.&#8220;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ironie historie: Sov\u011btsk\u00fd technologick\u00fd z\u00e1zrak, kter\u00fd byl v roce 1995 vydra\u017een za uboh\u00fdch 15 000 dolar\u016f, proto\u017ee byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za bezcenn\u00fd, je nyn\u00ed p\u00e1te\u0159\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed revoluce.<\/p>\n<p>Renomovan\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed eso\u00a0<em>Quantum Bird<\/em>\u00a0, kter\u00e9 kdysi pracovalo v CERNu v \u017denev\u011b, to shrnulo:<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eAmeri\u010dan\u00e9 ztratili kontakt. Jde o modely, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed v\u00fdkon a data. Vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 GPU Nvidia, kter\u00e1 stoj\u00ed 40 000 dolar\u016f, spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho energie. Finan\u010dn\u00ed spekulace jsou tak\u00e9 faktorem. DeepSeek by dokonce mohl b\u011b\u017eet na Raspberry Pi za 50 USD a spot\u0159ebov\u00e1vat m\u00e9n\u011b energie ne\u017e smartphone.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n<p>A to je jen za\u010d\u00e1tek. Quantum Bird varuje:<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8222;Kdy\u017e Rusko a \u010c\u00edna p\u0159edstav\u00ed sv\u016fj prvn\u00ed litografick\u00fd stroj&#8230; Silicon Valley odstartovalo tento z\u00e1vod &#8211; a nyn\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pozadu.&#8220;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Rusko-\u010d\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci ji\u017e zrychlili konven\u010dn\u00ed GPU Nvidia 800kr\u00e1t pomoc\u00ed nov\u00fdch algoritm\u016f \u2013 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm c\u00edlen\u00e9ho reverzn\u00edho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed. Tento p\u0159evratn\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch je z\u00e1sluhou spole\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 skupiny na univerzit\u011b MSU-PPI v Shenzhenu, kterou v roce 2014 zalo\u017eily Moskevsk\u00e1 st\u00e1tn\u00ed univerzita Lomonosova a Pekingsk\u00fd polytechnick\u00fd institut.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 GPU ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee s hardwarem Nvidia desetkr\u00e1t p\u0159ekon\u00e1vaj\u00ed americk\u00e9 superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Americk\u00e9 sankce proti \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9mu technologick\u00e9mu pr\u016fmyslu? koho to zaj\u00edm\u00e1?<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Sank\u010dn\u00ed v\u00e1lka a \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 protistrategie<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u010c\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci se nezalekli. V hardwarov\u00e9m sektoru st\u00e1le dominuj\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed monopoly ve v\u00fdrob\u011b pokro\u010dil\u00fdch GPU, jako jsou Nvidia A100 a H100. Po softwarov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 Nvidia a jej\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9m CUDA p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch algoritm\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Ale p\u0159\u00edliv se obrac\u00ed: z USA se vrac\u00ed st\u00e1le v\u00edce \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdch \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f. Jedn\u00edm z p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f je \u010dipov\u00e1 superstar Sun Nan z univerzity Tsinghua. Po letech v USA se rozhodl v roce 2020 vr\u00e1tit do \u010c\u00edny \u2013 \u201evy\u0161kolit experty na \u010dipy a vy\u0159e\u0161it v\u00fdrobn\u00ed probl\u00e9my s \u010dipovou technologi\u00ed st\u0159edn\u00ed a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Jeho t\u00fdm ji\u017e vyvinul vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 obvody, kter\u00e9 jsou integrov\u00e1ny do v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 \u010dip\u016f \u2013 nezbytn\u00fdch pro \u010d\u00ednskou elektrickou s\u00ed\u0165, vysokorychlostn\u00ed vlaky, pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed syst\u00e9my, m\u011b\u0159ic\u00ed techniku \u200b\u200ba elektrick\u00e1 vozidla.<\/p>\n<p>Mezit\u00edm se USA zoufale sna\u017e\u00ed zablokovat technologick\u00fd vzestup \u010c\u00edny \u2013 od Trumpa 1.0 a\u017e po Trump\u016fv mo\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1vrat do B\u00edl\u00e9ho domu. Ale nic nezpomal\u00ed dynamiku \u010c\u00edny.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u201eBlowback\u201c \u2013 \u010c\u00edna vrac\u00ed \u00fader<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Je\u0161t\u011b v roce 2018 byla \u010c\u00edna z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na z\u00e1padn\u00edch dodavatel\u00edch t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ve v\u0161ech oblastech technologi\u00ed. Ericsson dodal telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed sto\u017e\u00e1ry, Nvidia grafick\u00e9 procesory a evrop\u0161t\u00ed v\u00fdrobci dodali auta.<\/p>\n<p>Dnes je v\u0161e jinak:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Huawei celosv\u011btov\u011b dominuje telekomunika\u010dn\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm.<\/li>\n<li>BYD nahradil Teslu jako p\u0159edn\u00edho v\u00fdrobce elektrick\u00fdch vozidel.<\/li>\n<li>Huawei je p\u0159ed Googlem v procesorech pro chytr\u00e9 telefony.<\/li>\n<li>Xiaomi letos uv\u00e1d\u00ed na trh vlastn\u00ed \u010dip pro chytr\u00e9 telefony.<\/li>\n<li>\u010cip Ascend 910B od Huawei je pouze o 5 % pomalej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 AI \u010dipy Nvidie \u2013 ale stoj\u00ed o 70 % m\u00e9n\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>D\u00edky vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed integraci si Huawei vybudoval sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec \u010dip\u016f a konkuruje spole\u010dnostem Apple a Google ve v\u0161em, od chytr\u00fdch telefon\u016f a opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f a\u017e po streamov\u00e1n\u00ed a autonomn\u00ed vozidla.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Vojensk\u00e1 revoluce a \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 geostrategick\u00e1 vize<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Krom\u011b DeepSeek vyvinuly sofistikovan\u00e9 modely LLM tak\u00e9 ByteDance, Baidu, Alibaba a 01.ai. \u010c\u00edna je l\u00eddrem v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence \u2013 od robotiky p\u0159es drony a\u017e po autonomn\u00ed vozidla \u2013 a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 sv\u00e9 technologie pro vojensk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>dva st\u00edhac\u00ed letouny \u0161est\u00e9 generace,<\/li>\n<li>prvn\u00ed dronov\u00fd nosi\u010d na sv\u011bt\u011b,<\/li>\n<li>bezpilotn\u00ed hypersonick\u00fd stealth letoun,<\/li>\n<li>bezpilotn\u00ed stealth v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 lod\u011b,<\/li>\n<li>nejv\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed syst\u00e9my protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany dlouh\u00e9ho dosahu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u010c\u00edna tak\u00e9 posouv\u00e1 sv\u016fj v\u00fdzkum v oblasti zbran\u00ed s \u0159\u00edzenou energi\u00ed, vojensk\u00e9 technologie 5G, atomov\u00e9ho \u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed a vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 v\u00e1lky.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad: \u010c\u00ednsk\u00fd jadern\u00fd f\u00fazn\u00ed reaktor EAST vytvo\u0159il nov\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd rekord s 1 066 sekundami vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho plazmatu \u2013 v\u00fdznamn\u00fd krok sm\u011brem k t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neomezen\u00e9 \u010dist\u00e9 energii.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed hedv\u00e1bn\u00e1 stezka a dominance \u010c\u00edny v oblasti \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u010c\u00edna st\u00e1le v\u00edce p\u0159esouv\u00e1 sv\u016fj obchod na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed jih \u2013 nyn\u00ed p\u0159es 50 % jej\u00edho celkov\u00e9ho objemu obchodu. Pod\u00edl USA na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m HDP? Jen 3 %.<\/p>\n<p>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed hedv\u00e1bn\u00e1 stezka se nad\u00e1le roz\u0161i\u0159uje, zejm\u00e9na ve st\u00e1tech Eurasijsk\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 unie (EAEU), kde \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti ovl\u00e1daj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 cel\u00fd trh s high-tech.<\/p>\n<p>S iniciativou \u201eEast Data, West Computing\u201c \u010c\u00edna z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b p\u0159esouv\u00e1 energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat na z\u00e1pad zem\u011b, aby zm\u00edrnila z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e na v\u00fdchod\u011b.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed technologick\u00fd souboj \u2013 a neot\u0159esiteln\u00e9 sebev\u011bdom\u00ed \u010c\u00edny<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edm boji\u0161t\u011bm v technologick\u00e9 v\u00e1lce bude glob\u00e1ln\u00ed jih. \u010c\u00edna spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na v\u00fdrobn\u00ed dominanci a masivn\u00ed investice, aby vytvo\u0159ila alternativn\u00ed polovodi\u010dov\u00fd a AI ekosyst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n<p>USA pod Trumpem 2.0 na druhou stranu donut\u00ed sv\u00e9 spojence odd\u011blit se od \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 technologie. \u00dapln\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f a technick\u00fdch norem je nevyhnuteln\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Liang Wenfeng to shrnuje:<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eJsme unaven\u00ed z pouh\u00e9ho n\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed. Je \u010das v\u00e9st.&#8220;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Mlad\u00fd duch inovac\u00ed v \u010c\u00edn\u011b se setk\u00e1v\u00e1 s rozd\u011blenou Amerikou. \u0158\u00ed\u0161e st\u0159edu je p\u0159ipravena \u2013 a \u0161lape na plyn.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c57238 quelle dc-has-condition dc-condition-empty elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8c57238\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zerohedge.com\/geopolitical\/escobar-why-chinese-models-are-stunning-americans-tech-catwalk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kdy\u017e prezident Si \u0164in-pching ned\u00e1vno uspo\u0159\u00e1dal vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 setk\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159edn\u00edmi \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdmi technologick\u00fdmi osobnostmi \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":73779,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[30,1503,1080,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73778"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=73778"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73778\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/73779"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73778"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=73778"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=73778"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}