{"id":73456,"date":"2025-03-02T00:17:33","date_gmt":"2025-03-01T23:17:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=73456"},"modified":"2025-03-01T13:56:56","modified_gmt":"2025-03-01T12:56:56","slug":"vyzkum-klimatu-pod-mikroskopem-bezostysne-skryvani-stretu-zajmu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/03\/02\/vyzkum-klimatu-pod-mikroskopem-bezostysne-skryvani-stretu-zajmu\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdzkum klimatu pod mikroskopem: Bezosty\u0161n\u00e9 skr\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159et\u016f z\u00e1jm\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Jak se dalo o\u010dek\u00e1vat, ne v\u0161echno je ve sv\u011bt\u011b v\u00fdzkumu klimatu nadpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9. Ned\u00e1vno publikovan\u00e1 metaanal\u00fdza studi\u00ed o souvislosti mezi zm\u011bnou klimatu a hurik\u00e1ny odhaluje to, co kritick\u00ed pozorovatel\u00e9 dlouho tu\u0161ili: finan\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159ety z\u00e1jm\u016f jsou systematicky skryty.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edsla hovo\u0159\u00ed sama za sebe: V 82 recenzovan\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch publikovan\u00fdch v letech 1994 a\u017e 2023 ani jeden z 331 zapojen\u00fdch autor\u016f neodhalil potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u0159et z\u00e1jm\u016f. Nula procent. Statistick\u00e1 nemo\u017enost, kdy\u017e uv\u00e1\u017e\u00edme, \u017ee v jin\u00fdch oblastech v\u00fdzkumu, jako jsou v\u011bdy o \u017eiv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b, je m\u00edra zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed mezi 17 a 33 procenty b\u011b\u017en\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Tento znepokojiv\u00fd objev poch\u00e1z\u00ed z 39str\u00e1nkov\u00e9 studie nazvan\u00e9 \u201e\u00a0Konflikty z\u00e1jm\u016f, podpora financov\u00e1n\u00ed a vztah autora v recenzovan\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu vztahu mezi zm\u011bnou klimatu a geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edmi charakteristikami hurik\u00e1n\u016f<\/a>\u00a0\u201c. Napsal ji interdisciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed t\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f v\u010detn\u011b Jessicy Weinkle (University of North Carolina, Wilmington), Pauly Glover (St\u00e1t Severn\u00ed Karol\u00edny), Ryana Philipse (Johns Hopkins University), Williama Teppera (High Point University) a Min Shi a Davida Resnika (oba z National Institute of Environmental Health Science).<\/p>\n

Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9: Anal\u00fdza ukazuje jasnou korelaci mezi financov\u00e1n\u00edm od nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00ed a v\u00fdsledky v\u00fdzkumu, kter\u00e9 prokazuj\u00ed pozitivn\u00ed souvislost mezi zm\u011bnou klimatu a intenzitou hurik\u00e1n\u016f. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee ti, kdo jsou financovan\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmi z\u00e1jmov\u00fdmi skupinami, s v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed najdou v\u00fdsledky, kter\u00e9 tito financuj\u00edc\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed vid\u011bt.<\/p>\n

\u201ePro podporu objektivity, transparentnosti a d\u016fv\u011bry ve v\u011bdu o klimatu by \u010dasopisy publikuj\u00edc\u00ed tento v\u00fdzkum m\u011bly jasn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bt, \u017ee auto\u0159i mus\u00ed zve\u0159ejnit finan\u010dn\u00ed a nefinan\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159ety z\u00e1jm\u016f a poskytnout jasn\u00e9 postupy, jak tak u\u010dinit,\u201c \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed auto\u0159i studie. Rovn\u011b\u017e doporu\u010duj\u00ed, aby v\u011bdeck\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti a \u010dasopisy podporovaly zve\u0159ej\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159et\u016f z\u00e1jm\u016f jako normu profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed etiky prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm rozvoje politik, vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a modelov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi kolegy.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1padn\u00fd je i \u010dasov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj zkouman\u00fdch publikac\u00ed. P\u0159esto\u017ee studijn\u00ed obdob\u00ed pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 30 let, 61 procent \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f bylo publikov\u00e1no a\u017e od roku 2016. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee v\u00fdzkum souvislosti mezi zm\u011bnou klimatu a hurik\u00e1ny sleduje trend, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u0159\u00edzen sp\u00ed\u0161e medi\u00e1ln\u00ed pozornost\u00ed a politick\u00fdmi proudy ne\u017e v\u011bdeckou zv\u011bdavost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Dramatick\u00e9 sn\u00edmky meteorolog\u016f stoj\u00edc\u00edch mezi sutinami a bi\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm de\u0161t\u011bm poskytuj\u00ed velkolep\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed. Pokud lze tyto obrazy spojovat s nedostate\u010dn\u011b restriktivn\u00edmi energetick\u00fdmi politikami, vznik\u00e1 medi\u00e1ln\u00ed narativ, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit i agendu v\u00fdzkumu.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky t\u00e9to metaanal\u00fdzy vrhaj\u00ed sv\u011btlo na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed probl\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu klimatu: zaveden\u00e1 doktr\u00edna antropogenn\u00ed zm\u011bny klimatu se vyvinula v t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nenapadnuteln\u00e9 dogma. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo se odv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159it pochybnosti nebo dokonce polo\u017eit metodologick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky, riskuje, \u017ee bude ozna\u010den za \u201epop\u00edra\u010de\u201c \u2013 v\u00fdb\u011br slov, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b uml\u010det kritick\u00e9 hlasy.<\/p>\n

Kupovan\u00e1 v\u011bda nen\u00ed poctiv\u00e1 v\u011bda<\/h3>\n

V tomto ovzdu\u0161\u00ed intelektu\u00e1ln\u00edho zastra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee se st\u0159ety z\u00e1jm\u016f skr\u00fdvaj\u00ed. Finan\u010dn\u00ed pob\u00eddky k produkci alarmistick\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f v\u00fdzkumu jsou zna\u010dn\u00e9, zat\u00edmco rizika prozrazen\u00ed zdroj\u016f financov\u00e1n\u00ed by mohla ohrozit d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost v\u00fdsledk\u016f. D\u00edky tomu je odvaha v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu Jessicy Weinkle dokonce zkoumat toto citliv\u00e9 t\u00e9ma je\u0161t\u011b pozoruhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. V akademick\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, kde kari\u00e9ra m\u016f\u017ee z\u00e1viset na souladu s klimatick\u00fdm \u201ekonsensem\u201c, je takov\u00e1 studie potenci\u00e1ln\u011b sebezni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Auto\u0159i zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee jejich v\u00fdsledky nemus\u00ed nutn\u011b zpochyb\u0148ovat cel\u00fd v\u00fdzkum klimatu. Zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed v\u0161ak, \u017ee transparentnost a otev\u0159enost jsou z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi principy v\u011bdeck\u00e9 integrity \u2013 principy, kter\u00e9 se zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt opom\u00edjeny v oblasti, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00fd dopad na politick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed a spole\u010densk\u00fd v\u00fdvoj.<\/p>\n

Je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee toto odhalen\u00ed bude m\u00edt n\u011bjak\u00e9 d\u016fsledky. Dob\u0159e promazan\u00e1 ma\u0161in\u00e9rie akademick\u00fdch instituc\u00ed, \u010dasopis\u016f a financuj\u00edc\u00edch organizac\u00ed m\u00e1 mal\u00fd z\u00e1jem zpochyb\u0148ovat status quo. V s\u00e1zce je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho: financov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdzkumu, pov\u011bst, politick\u00fd vliv.<\/p>\n

Pro kritick\u00e9ho ob\u010dana z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pozn\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee i v domn\u011ble objektivn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b v\u011bdy hraj\u00ed z\u00e1jmy a programy d\u016fle\u017eitou roli. Na dal\u0161\u00ed titulek o \u201enejhor\u0161\u00edm hurik\u00e1nu v\u0161ech dob\u201c a jeho \u00fadajn\u011b nepopirateln\u00e9 souvislosti se zm\u011bnou klimatu je proto t\u0159eba pohl\u00ed\u017eet se zdravou d\u00e1vkou skepse.<\/p>\n

V dob\u011b, kdy je \u201eThe Science\u2122\u201c st\u00e1le v\u00edce vykreslov\u00e1na jako nenapadnuteln\u00e1 autorita, n\u00e1m tato studie p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee skute\u010dn\u00e1 v\u011bda prosperuje z otev\u0159enosti, transparentnosti a neust\u00e1l\u00e9 ochoty zpochyb\u0148ovat vlastn\u00ed p\u0159edpoklady \u2013 ctnosti, kter\u00e9 jsou v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9 debat\u011b a\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u010dasto opom\u00edjeny.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jak se dalo o\u010dek\u00e1vat, ne v\u0161echno je ve sv\u011bt\u011b v\u00fdzkumu klimatu nadpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9. Ned\u00e1vno publikovan\u00e1 metaanal\u00fdza…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":73457,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[873,497,1156,1820],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73456"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=73456"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73456\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/73457"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73456"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=73456"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=73456"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}