{"id":72780,"date":"2025-02-21T00:17:51","date_gmt":"2025-02-20T23:17:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=72780"},"modified":"2025-02-20T14:55:21","modified_gmt":"2025-02-20T13:55:21","slug":"spickovi-vedci-z-yale-zjistili-znepokojive-zmeny-v-imunitnim-systemu-po-ockovani-proti-covid-19","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/02\/21\/spickovi-vedci-z-yale-zjistili-znepokojive-zmeny-v-imunitnim-systemu-po-ockovani-proti-covid-19\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0160pi\u010dkov\u00ed v\u011bdci z Yale zjistili znepokojiv\u00e9 zm\u011bny v imunitn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu po o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti COVID-19"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb4c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content\" data-id=\"1fb4c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-content.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p><strong>Studii\u00a0vede Bornali Bhattacharjee na Yale University School of Medicine ve spolupr\u00e1ci s n\u011bkolika odd\u011blen\u00edmi, v\u010detn\u011b imunobiologie, biostatistiky a Centra pro v\u00fdzkum a hodnocen\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f na Yale\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2025.02.18.25322379v1.full.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2025.02.18.25322379v1.full.pdf\">.<\/a>\u00a0Zapojeni jsou i extern\u00ed v\u011bdci z Mount Sinai a dal\u0161\u00edch instituc\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Studie zji\u0161\u0165uje, zda lid\u00e9 s chronick\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky po o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti COVID-19 \u2013 zn\u00e1m\u00fdm jako postvakcina\u010dn\u00ed syndrom (PVS) \u2013 maj\u00ed specifick\u00e9 imunologick\u00e9 a antigenn\u00ed podpisy. V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed antigenemie, imunitn\u00ed dysregulace a reaktivace vir\u016f (nap\u0159. virus Epstein-Barrov\u00e9) hraj\u00ed \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed roli v patofyziologii PVS.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Design a metody studia<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Tato decentralizovan\u00e1 pr\u016f\u0159ezov\u00e1 studie p\u0159\u00edpad-kontrola zahrnovala 42 pacient\u016f s PVS a 22 zdrav\u00fdch, o\u010dkovan\u00fdch kontrol vybran\u00fdch ze studie Yale LISTEN. U \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f byly hodnoceny populace imunitn\u00edch bun\u011bk, cytokinov\u00e9 reakce, hladiny protil\u00e1tek, markery virov\u00e9 reaktivace, autoprotil\u00e1tky a cirkuluj\u00edc\u00ed spike protein SARS-CoV-2.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 metody:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pr\u016ftokov\u00e1 cytometrie<\/strong>\u00a0pro anal\u00fdzu fenotyp\u016f imunitn\u00edch bun\u011bk<\/li>\n<li><strong>ELISA<\/strong>\u00a0pro stanoven\u00ed SARS-CoV-2-specifick\u00fdch protil\u00e1tek a EBV reaktiva\u010dn\u00edch marker\u016f<\/li>\n<li><strong>Imunoanal\u00fdza SPEAR<\/strong>\u00a0pro detekci cirkuluj\u00edc\u00edho spike proteinu<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anal\u00fdza s\u00e9rologick\u00e9ho epitopov\u00e9ho reperto\u00e1ru (SERA)<\/strong>\u00a0pro zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed profil\u016f autoprotil\u00e1tek<\/li>\n<li><strong>Strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed (LASSO regrese, WGCNA)<\/strong>\u00a0k identifikaci imunitn\u00edch signatur predikuj\u00edc\u00edch PVS<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aby se minimalizovalo potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed zkreslen\u00ed, byli \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci stratifikov\u00e1ni podle historie infekce SARS-CoV-2 a stavu o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>V\u00fdsledky a kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 data<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Studie identifikovala n\u011bkolik n\u00e1padn\u00fdch imunologick\u00fdch zm\u011bn u pacient\u016f s PVS:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e9 profily T bun\u011bk:<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li>Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165 a efektorov\u00e9 CD4+ T bu\u0148ky, zejm\u00e9na v podskupin\u00e1ch Th1 a Th2<\/li>\n<li>V\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed TNF\u03b1+ CD8+ T bun\u011bk, co\u017e ukazuje na zes\u00edlenou z\u00e1n\u011btlivou odpov\u011b\u010f<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed anti-spike IgG titry:<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li>Hodnoty korelovaly s po\u010dtem obdr\u017een\u00fdch d\u00e1vek vakc\u00edny<\/li>\n<li>U pacient\u016f s PVS bez p\u0159edchoz\u00ed infekce se hodnoty po o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu prudce sn\u00ed\u017eily<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Reaktivace EBV:<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li>N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed pacienti s PVS vykazovali s\u00e9rologick\u00fd d\u016fkaz ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 reaktivace viru Epstein-Barrov\u00e9<\/li>\n<li>Charakterizovan\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdmi anti-gp42 a anti-gp350 protil\u00e1tkami<\/li>\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 reaktivita gp42 byla spojena s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed frekvenc\u00ed TNF\u03b1+ CD8+ T bun\u011bk, co\u017e nazna\u010duje imunitn\u00ed dysregulaci<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Trval\u00fd vrcholov\u00fd protein:<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li>U n\u011bkter\u00fdch pacient\u016f s PVS byl cirkuluj\u00edc\u00ed spike protein SARS-CoV-2 detekov\u00e1n pomoc\u00ed testu SPEAR a\u017e 709 dn\u016f po o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Paralela s Long COVID, kde je p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed antigen\u00e9mie spojena s p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edznaky<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Profily autoprotil\u00e1tek:<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9\u00a0<strong>anti-nukleozomov\u00e9 IgM<\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<strong>anti-AQP4 IgA protil\u00e1tky<\/strong>\u00a0u pacient\u016f s PVS \u2192 indikace mo\u017en\u00e9 autoimunity<\/li>\n<li>Zdrav\u00e9 kontroly vykazovaly siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u00a0<strong>reaktivitu histonu H1 IgG<\/strong>\u00a0, kter\u00e1 nen\u00ed spojena s PVS<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed identifikovalo n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed zna\u010dky PVS:<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed TNF\u03b1+ CD8+ T bun\u011bk<\/li>\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b MMP1<\/li>\n<li>Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 IL-4+ a IL-6+ CD4 T bu\u0148ky<\/li>\n<li>Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 neuropeptidy (oxytocin, neurotensin, \u03b2-endorfin)<\/li>\n<li>Model dos\u00e1hl\u00a0<strong>78,1% p\u0159esnosti<\/strong>\u00a0v rozli\u0161en\u00ed PVS od kontrol<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed dopady<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Tato zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky ohledn\u011b dlouhodob\u00fdch imunitn\u00edch reakc\u00ed po o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti COVID-19. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b znepokojiv\u00fd je\u00a0<strong>perzistentn\u00ed spike protein<\/strong>\u00a0, kter\u00fd ukazuje na ne\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed antigenu. Takov\u00e1\u00a0<strong>p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed antigen\u00e9mie<\/strong>\u00a0by mohla vyvolat chronick\u00fd z\u00e1n\u011bt a imunitn\u00ed aktivaci \u2013 mechanismy, kter\u00e9 jsou pozorov\u00e1ny tak\u00e9 u Long COVID.<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b toho byla u pacient\u016f s PVS pozorov\u00e1na\u00a0<strong>reaktivace EBV<\/strong>\u00a0, co\u017e je znepokojuj\u00edc\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, proto\u017ee EBV\u00a0je spojena s autoimunitn\u00edmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, jako je\u00a0<strong>roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za a syst\u00e9mov\u00fd lupus erythematodes<\/strong>\u00a0. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9\u00a0<strong>hladiny autoprotil\u00e1tek<\/strong>\u00a0nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee naru\u0161en\u00e1 imunitn\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f po o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed by mohla spustit nebo zhor\u0161it autoimunitn\u00ed reakce.<\/p>\n<p>Obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b n\u00e1padn\u00e1 je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1\u00a0<strong>aktivace TNF\u03b1+ CD8 T bun\u011bk<\/strong>\u00a0, kter\u00e1 indikuje p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00fd z\u00e1n\u011bt \u2013 mo\u017enou souvislost s p\u0159\u00edznaky, jako je \u00fanava, neurologick\u00e9 pot\u00ed\u017ee a imunitn\u00ed dysfunkce u pacient\u016f s PVS. Tento imunitn\u00ed podpis je velmi podobn\u00fd jako u Long COVID.<\/p>\n<p>A\u010dkoli vakc\u00edny COVID-19 hr\u00e1ly z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed pandemie, tato zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed podtrhuj\u00ed pot\u0159ebu dal\u0161\u00edho zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch, ale p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch imunitn\u00edch vedlej\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f. Mo\u017en\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed by mohla zahrnovat\u00a0<strong>\u00fapravu d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed vakc\u00edny nebo v\u00fdvoj nov\u00fdch adjuvans<\/strong> pro minimalizaci ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edch imunitn\u00edch reakc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Omezen\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Mal\u00fd vzorek:<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Pouze 42 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f PVS \u2192 omezen\u00e1 generalizovatelnost<\/li>\n<li>Jsou vy\u017eadov\u00e1ny v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kohortov\u00e9 studie<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vyvol\u00e1n\u00ed a zkreslen\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011bru:<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Samostatn\u011b hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky by mohly v\u00e9st k zaujatosti<\/li>\n<li>Zam\u011b\u0159te se na t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady PVS, m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bhy nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt br\u00e1ny v \u00favahu<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinn\u00e1 souvislost:<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Identifikovan\u00e9 imunitn\u00ed zm\u011bny mohou b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 zp\u016fsobeny jin\u00fdmi faktory prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Studie Bhattacharjee et al. poskytuje p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9 d\u016fkazy o\u00a0<strong>imunitn\u00ed dysregulaci<\/strong>\u00a0u pacient\u016f s chronick\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky po o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti COVID-19. Mezi hlavn\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Zm\u011bny v\u00a0<strong>populac\u00edch T bun\u011bk<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Reaktivace EBV<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>produkce autoprotil\u00e1tek<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>P\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed hrotov\u00e1 antigenemie<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A\u010dkoli tyto v\u00fdsledky vy\u017eaduj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky ohledn\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00edch mechanism\u016f PVS. Budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum by se m\u011bl zam\u011b\u0159it na\u00a0<strong>identifikaci spolehliv\u00fdch biomarker\u016f, terapeutick\u00fdch intervenc\u00ed a optimalizaci vakcina\u010dn\u00edch strategi\u00ed<\/strong>\u00a0s c\u00edlem minimalizovat dlouhodob\u00e9 ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed imunitn\u00ed reakce.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c57238 quelle dc-has-condition dc-condition-empty elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8c57238\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vigilantnews.com\/post\/top-yale-scientists-find-disturbing-immune-system-changes-after-covid-19-vaccination\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Studii\u00a0vede Bornali Bhattacharjee na Yale University School of Medicine ve spolupr\u00e1ci s n\u011bkolika odd\u011blen\u00edmi, v\u010detn\u011b&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":72781,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[23,454,839,651],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72780"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=72780"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72780\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72782,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72780\/revisions\/72782"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/72781"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72780"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=72780"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=72780"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}