{"id":72326,"date":"2025-02-15T00:32:04","date_gmt":"2025-02-14T23:32:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=72326"},"modified":"2025-02-14T14:00:06","modified_gmt":"2025-02-14T13:00:06","slug":"lula-predava-14-brazilskeho-uzemi-nadnarodnimu-kapitalu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/02\/15\/lula-predava-14-brazilskeho-uzemi-nadnarodnimu-kapitalu\/","title":{"rendered":"Lula p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 14 % brazilsk\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed nadn\u00e1rodn\u00edmu kapit\u00e1lu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Liber\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1t p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 spr\u00e1vu spole\u010dnosti orientovan\u00e9 na zisk a odvrac\u00ed se od ob\u010dan\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou nyn\u00ed pouze org\u00e1ny zab\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edmi soukromou sf\u00e9ru.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Liberalismus m\u00e1 velk\u00e9 pot\u00ed\u017ee legitimovat se. A nen\u00ed se \u010demu divit: \u010dlov\u011bk nem\u00e1 d\u016fvod akceptovat, \u017ee autorita poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze sekul\u00e1rn\u00ed byrokracie, kter\u00e1 je slep\u00e1 v\u016f\u010di bo\u017estv\u00ed a tradici. Jak jsme zde vid\u011bli, nejbl\u00ed\u017ee k tomu maj\u00ed vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed \u0158\u00edma, aby legitimizovali formu vl\u00e1dy, republiku. N\u00e1sledovaly teoretick\u00e9 a filozofick\u00e9 pokusy legitimizovat liber\u00e1ln\u00ed demokracii jako jedin\u00fd re\u017eim hodn\u00fd lidskosti, proto\u017ee byl jedin\u00fdm re\u017eimem, ve kter\u00e9m byli lid\u00e9 skute\u010dn\u011b svobodn\u00ed. Co ale znamen\u00e1 svoboda pro liber\u00e1la? podepisovat smlouvy. V klasick\u00e9m liberalismu st\u00e1t slou\u017eil k registraci a vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed takov\u00fdch smluv. Kdy\u017e n\u00e1rodn\u00ed st\u00e1ty za\u010daly vyvlast\u0148ovat velk\u00e9 kapitalisty, objevil se neoliberalismus (jak jsme vid\u011bli zde), jeho\u017e c\u00edlem bylo zav\u00e9st glob\u00e1ln\u00ed mechanismy s autoritou nad\u0159azenou pravomoci n\u00e1rodn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f. St\u00e1t dnes slou\u017e\u00ed k ochran\u011b nadn\u00e1rodn\u00edho kapit\u00e1lu a ne k uspokojov\u00e1n\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edch pot\u0159eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trag\u00e9di\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed doby je, \u017ee liber\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1t, kter\u00fd slou\u017e\u00ed pouze k tyranizaci ob\u010dana a vym\u00e1men\u00ed z n\u011bj co nejv\u00edce pen\u011bz a pr\u00e1ce, je prezentov\u00e1n jako jedin\u00fd p\u0159edstavitel st\u00e1tu. Pokud je to st\u00e1t \u2013 \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed propagandist\u00e9 \u200b\u200b\u2013 pak je nejlep\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1t v\u016fbec nem\u00edt. A pak jsme vyd\u00e1ni na milost a nemilost kapit\u00e1lu, dokonce bez z\u00e1voje legitimity, zd\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1v.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vezm\u011bme si p\u0159\u00edpad brazilsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu, kter\u00e9mu v sou\u010dasnosti vl\u00e1dne Lula. 14 % zem\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed domorod\u00e9 rezervace ve vlastnictv\u00ed st\u00e1tu. Amazonsk\u00e1 d\u017eungle, kde se velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st t\u011bchto rezervac\u00ed nach\u00e1z\u00ed, trp\u00ed \u010detn\u00fdmi ekologick\u00fdmi z\u00e1kony a p\u0159edpisy, kter\u00e9 st\u00e1tu neumo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed budovat infrastrukturu. V roce 2023 vl\u00e1da rozhodla, \u017ee v indi\u00e1nsk\u00fdch rezervac\u00edch budou sm\u011bt \u017e\u00edt pouze p\u016fvodn\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9. St\u00e1tem nepodporovan\u00e1 populace tak musela p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eet, jak jim st\u00e1t ni\u010d\u00ed domy, odstra\u0148uje kr\u00e1vy, ni\u010d\u00ed mosty a dokonce zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uje \u0159eku, ze kter\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1vali ryby.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u011bci mohou b\u00fdt mnohem hor\u0161\u00ed. V Davosu podepsalo ministerstvo domorod\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f dohodu s nadn\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010dnost\u00ed Ambipar o spr\u00e1v\u011b p\u016fvodn\u00edch \u00fazem\u00ed Braz\u00edlie, kter\u00e1 se rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed na plo\u0161e asi 1,4 milionu kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch a jsou bohat\u00e1 na nerostn\u00e9 zdroje a biologickou rozmanitost, bez konzultace s posti\u017een\u00fdm obyvatelstvem. Probl\u00e9m je o to v\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee p\u016fdu p\u016fvodn\u00edch obyvatel dlouhodob\u011b spravuj\u00ed nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace. V roce 2009 tehdej\u0161\u00ed kongresman Aldo Rebelo uvedl, \u017ee byl sv\u011bdkem nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace, kter\u00e1 br\u00e1nila brazilsk\u00e9mu vojensk\u00e9mu person\u00e1lu ve vstupu na domorodou p\u016fdu. Aby toho nebylo m\u00e1lo, amazonsk\u00fd de\u0161tn\u00fd prales, uvnit\u0159 i vn\u011b domorod\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed, krom\u011b neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u011b\u017eby d\u0159eva, drah\u00fdch kamen\u016f a zlata zab\u00edraj\u00ed pa\u0161er\u00e1ci drog. Bylo by nemo\u017en\u00e9 vysv\u011btlit v jednom \u010dl\u00e1nku, jak se Braz\u00edlie dostala do tohoto bodu. Mohu v\u0161ak odk\u00e1zat na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed d\u00edlo M\u00e1fia Verde, ji\u017e p\u0159elo\u017een\u00e9 do angli\u010dtiny (Green Mafia) a \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tiny (Mafia Verde), od Geralda Lina, Lorenza Carrasca a S\u00edlvie Palacios. Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace ze Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a Evropy spolu s n\u011bkter\u00fdmi ambas\u00e1dami a korunami se v Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe sna\u017e\u00ed o tot\u00e9\u017e, co se ji\u017e stalo v Africe: prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm park\u016f a rezervac\u00ed – nejl\u00e9pe ohrani\u010den\u00fdch na hranic\u00edch – se sna\u017e\u00ed zabr\u00e1nit lidsk\u00e9mu rozvoji v oblasti, t\u011b\u017eb\u011b p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f domorodci a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed infrastruktury, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed vymezen\u00e9 oblasti v\u0161eho druhu k pa\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed. V Braz\u00edlii je nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavitelkou t\u011bchto z\u00e1jm\u016f Marina Silva, kter\u00e1 je v sou\u010dasnosti sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Lulovy vl\u00e1dy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jestli\u017ee liber\u00e1ln\u00ed brazilsk\u00fd st\u00e1t v sou\u010dasnosti jedn\u00e1 na t\u011bchto \u00fazem\u00edch pouze proto, aby potrestal Brazilce, p\u0159evod spr\u00e1vy tak rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed na soukromou spole\u010dnost p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 pon\u011bkud temn\u00fd precedens: charterov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 p\u016fsobily na konci 19. a na za\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed, necht\u011bly Leopold Belgick\u00fd z\u0159\u00eddit v Kongu st\u00e1tn\u00ed apar\u00e1t. M\u00edsto toho vytvo\u0159il Svobodn\u00fd st\u00e1t Kongo a dal kau\u010dukov\u00fdm t\u011b\u017ea\u0159sk\u00fdm spole\u010dnostem kontrolu nad regionem. V\u00fdsledkem je genocida v Kongu. V Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe Peru p\u0159edalo \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed spole\u010dnosti na t\u011b\u017ebu kau\u010duku. V\u00fdsledkem byla genocida Putumayo. Bol\u00edvie tak\u00e9 postoupila \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed, kde \u017eilo mnoho Brazilc\u016f, pronajat\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed v\u00fdsledkem byla anexe sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu Acre Braz\u00edli\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1ruky, \u017ee Ambipar nesp\u00e1ch\u00e1 genocidu na obyvatel\u00edch domorod\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed? Co zabr\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dnosti v pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed otrock\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce v takto privatizovan\u00e9m ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m sektoru ke kr\u00e1de\u017ei p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f zem\u011b? Spole\u010dnost je nepr\u016fhledn\u00e1: byla zalo\u017eena v roce 2024, v dubnu j\u00ed byla ud\u011blena vysok\u00e1 pokuta od agentury pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a jej\u00ed akcie vzrostly od kv\u011btna do listopadu o 2 027 %.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hor\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee drtiv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina poslanc\u016f ml\u010d\u00ed. Kdy\u017e p\u00ed\u0161u tento \u010dl\u00e1nek, sly\u0161el jsem pouze t\u0159i: feder\u00e1ln\u00ed poslance Filipe Barros a S\u00edlviu Wai\u00e3pi, oba p\u0159\u00edznivci Bolsonara, a sen\u00e1tora Pl\u00ednia Val\u00e9ria z Amazonas.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edpad Ambipar p\u0159edstavuje pokrok neoliberalismu k anarchokapitalismu: liber\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1t m\u00edsto ochrany domorod\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 spr\u00e1vu spole\u010dnosti orientovan\u00e9 na zisk a obrac\u00ed se z\u00e1dy k ob\u010dan\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou nyn\u00ed pouze org\u00e1ny okupuj\u00edc\u00edmi soukrom\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bruna Frascolla<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Liber\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1t p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 spr\u00e1vu spole\u010dnosti orientovan\u00e9 na zisk a odvrac\u00ed se od ob\u010dan\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":72327,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[288,8599,4201],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72326"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=72326"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72326\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/72327"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72326"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=72326"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=72326"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}