{"id":71801,"date":"2025-02-08T00:34:54","date_gmt":"2025-02-07T23:34:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=71801"},"modified":"2025-02-07T10:38:25","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T09:38:25","slug":"ted-galen-carpenter-bude-trumpovske-pokracovani-monroeovy-doktriny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/02\/08\/ted-galen-carpenter-bude-trumpovske-pokracovani-monroeovy-doktriny\/","title":{"rendered":"Ted Galen Carpenter: Bude trumpovsk\u00e9 pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed Monroeovy doktr\u00edny?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Jednou z prvn\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se v druh\u00e9m prezidentsk\u00e9m obdob\u00ed Donalda Trumpa st\u00e1v\u00e1 jasn\u00fdm, je, \u017ee jeho zahrani\u010dn\u011bpolitick\u00e9 priority se v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od priorit jeho p\u0159edch\u016fdc\u016f za posledn\u00edch osm nebo dev\u011bt desetilet\u00ed a jeho styl se dramaticky zm\u011bnil. \u0158e\u010di o tom, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty americk\u00e9 prosazuj\u00ed nebo br\u00e1n\u00ed demokracii ve sv\u011bt\u011b, se ji\u017e rozplynuly s inaugurac\u00ed nov\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy. To je dob\u0159e, proto\u017ee ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f tato r\u00e9torika slou\u017eila pouze jako z\u00e1st\u011brka pro mocenskou politiku USA a jako pokus prodlou\u017eit sl\u00e1bnouc\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed hegemonii Washingtonu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud v\u0161ak n\u011bkdo chce skute\u010dn\u011b pochopit Trump\u016fv pravd\u011bpodobn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup ke kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edm a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm z\u00e1le\u017eitostem, bylo by pou\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed studovat prezidentstv\u00ed Theodora Roosevelta, Jamese K. Polka a Andrewa Jacksona, ne\u017e se soust\u0159edit na globalistick\u00e9 prezidenty po Pearl Harboru. To plat\u00ed zejm\u00e9na o Trumpov\u00fdch postoj\u00edch a politick\u00fdch preferenc\u00edch ohledn\u011b z\u00e1padn\u00ed polokoule. Ve skute\u010dnosti je jeho zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na tuto oblast tak intenzivn\u00ed a pronikav\u011b nacionalistick\u00e9, \u017ee nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 brzy na to, p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let, zda bude \u201eTrumpovo pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c Monroeovy doktr\u00edny.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u016fvodn\u00ed Monroeova doktr\u00edna se stala ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed politikou USA v roce 1823. Jeho p\u016fvodn\u00edm architektem byl ministr zahrani\u010d\u00ed John Quincy Adams a bylo to odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed o rostouc\u00ed moci Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a v\u00fdslovn\u00e9 prosazen\u00ed sf\u00e9ry vlivu pro mladou republiku. Rozsah deklarace ve skute\u010dnosti daleko p\u0159esahoval tehdej\u0161\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 a ekonomick\u00e9 mo\u017enosti Washingtonu, aby ji provedl s\u00e1m. Britsk\u00e9 c\u00edle a z\u00e1jmy na udr\u017een\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch hlavn\u00edch mocnost\u00ed mimo z\u00e1padn\u00ed polokouli se v\u0161ak shodovaly s c\u00edli a z\u00e1jmy Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f americk\u00fdch. Pro tento omezen\u00fd, ale d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd \u00fa\u010del se Lond\u00fdn stal de facto spojencem Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. V obdob\u00ed po ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce ekonomick\u00e1 a vojensk\u00e1 s\u00edla Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f postupn\u011b rostla do takov\u00e9 m\u00edry, \u017ee n\u00e1rok Washingtonu na nadvl\u00e1du na polokouli byl st\u00e1le v\u011brohodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. V 90. letech 19. stolet\u00ed dokonce dali ameri\u010dt\u00ed v\u016fdci sv\u00fdm britsk\u00fdm prot\u011bj\u0161k\u016fm jasn\u011b najevo, \u017ee nov\u00e9 nebo roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 enkl\u00e1vy jejich zem\u011b jsou stejn\u011b ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed jako ty, kter\u00e9 ovl\u00e1daj\u00ed jin\u00e9 mocnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u016fraz na americkou hegemonii v\u0161ak vedl ve Washingtonu k rostouc\u00edmu vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty nyn\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt aktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a asertivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159i udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u0159\u00e1dku ve sf\u00e9\u0159e sv\u00e9ho vlivu. Kdy\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 \u0161patn\u011b spravovan\u00e9 zem\u011b na polokouli nespl\u00e1cely sv\u00e9 dluhy v\u016f\u010di hlavn\u00edm evropsk\u00fdm mocnostem (zejm\u00e9na N\u011bmecku), vyno\u0159ila se vyhl\u00eddka, \u017ee by tyto po\u0161kozen\u00e9 mocnosti mohly pou\u017e\u00edt takov\u00e9 incidenty jako ospravedln\u011bn\u00ed (nebo z\u00e1minku) k intervenci. Vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm \u201eRooseveltova dodatku\u201c k Monroeov\u011b doktr\u00edn\u011b prezident Theodore Roosevelt trval na tom, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo i povinnost potrestat nezodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 sousedy na polokouli, aby zabr\u00e1nily vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1sah\u016fm. Washington\u016fv n\u00e1rok na hemisf\u00e9rickou hegemonii rostl. Byl to tak\u00e9 model, kter\u00fd by Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika desetilet\u00ed aplikovaly na dal\u0161\u00ed regiony sv\u011bta.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mnoh\u00e9 nasv\u011bd\u010duje tomu, \u017ee zat\u00edmco Trump m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt selektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a opatrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, pokud jde o n\u011bkter\u00e9 americk\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky a c\u00edle v jin\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech sv\u011bta, jeho d\u016fraz na prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed americk\u00e9 hegemonie doma m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ed\u010d\u00edt jak\u00fdkoli z jeho p\u0159edch\u016fdc\u016f. Hlavn\u00edm rysem nov\u011b vznikaj\u00edc\u00edho Trumpova dodatku k Monroeov\u011b doktr\u00edn\u011b je trv\u00e1n\u00ed na tot\u00e1ln\u00ed americk\u00e9 kontrole bezpe\u010dnosti a ekonomick\u00fdch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed na z\u00e1padn\u00ed polokouli \u2013 zejm\u00e9na v severn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti od Venezuely po Arktidu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trump zjevn\u011b dosp\u011bl k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed kontroly nad ur\u010dit\u00fdmi oblastmi je nezbytn\u00e9 \u00fapln\u00e9 p\u0159evzet\u00ed USA. U\u017e dal najevo, \u017ee chce vyvinout tlak na D\u00e1nsko, aby Gr\u00f3nsko prodalo Spojen\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm. A\u010dkoli obyvatelstvo ostrova p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b Inuit\u016f m\u00e1 od roku 1979 autonomii ve vnit\u0159n\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitostech, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 D\u00e1nsko odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za vojensk\u00e9 a zahrani\u010dn\u011b politick\u00e9 z\u00e1le\u017eitosti. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty jsou ji\u017e uprost\u0159ed mocensk\u00e9ho boje s Ruskem a \u010c\u00ednou o dominanci v Arktid\u011b, zd\u00e1 se b\u00fdt pro Donalda Trumpa krajn\u011b netypick\u00e9, aby akceptoval pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1vislost Gr\u00f3nska na mal\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 zemi kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Prezident dal jasn\u011b najevo, \u017ee pova\u017euje Gr\u00f3nsko za kritickou geostrategickou v\u00fdhodu pro Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty. Jeho po\u017eadavek, aby panamsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da vr\u00e1tila vlastnictv\u00ed kan\u00e1lu Spojen\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm, odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed podobnou mentalitu. Trumpovo jmenov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrabojovn\u00edka Marca Rubia ministrem zahrani\u010d\u00ed nazna\u010duje, \u017ee m\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b v \u00famyslu svrhnout radik\u00e1ln\u011b levicov\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy na Kub\u011b a ve Venezuele.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho prvn\u00edho funk\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed byl Trump otev\u0159en\u00fd my\u0161lence pou\u017eit\u00ed s\u00edly proti drogov\u00fdm kartel\u016fm v Mexiku, pokud by mexick\u00e1 vl\u00e1da nebyla schopna obnovit po\u0159\u00e1dek ve sv\u00e9 zemi. Tato hrozba z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v platnosti, i kdy\u017e se Trump znovu ujme \u00fa\u0159adu. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee se ani v nejmen\u0161\u00edm ne\u0161t\u00edt\u00ed poru\u0161it mexickou suverenitu, pokud tento krok pova\u017euje za nezbytn\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u0161echny tyto postoje ukazuj\u00ed na velmi tvrdou politiku v\u016f\u010di soused\u016fm Washingtonu. M\u016f\u017ee existovat pochopiteln\u00e9 poku\u0161en\u00ed odm\u00edtnout Trumpova bojovn\u00e1, \u0161ovinistick\u00e1 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed jako pouh\u00e9 vychloub\u00e1n\u00ed a vychloub\u00e1n\u00ed. To by byla chyba, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b vzhledem k politice na z\u00e1padn\u00ed polokouli. Chov\u00e1n\u00ed Washingtonu v tomto regionu bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u0159ipom\u00ednat do o\u010d\u00ed bij\u00edc\u00ed imperialismus, kter\u00fd Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty prosazovaly od 90. let 19. stolet\u00ed, dokud Franklin Roosevelt svou takzvanou politikou dobr\u00e9ho souseda nezavedl jemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed verzi. Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 se te\u010f mus\u00ed p\u0159ipoutat, proto\u017ee za Donalda Trumpa by n\u00e1s mohla \u010dekat divok\u00e1 j\u00edzda po polokouli.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

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Jednou z prvn\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se v druh\u00e9m prezidentsk\u00e9m obdob\u00ed Donalda Trumpa st\u00e1v\u00e1 jasn\u00fdm, je,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":70689,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1503,122,276,452,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71801"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71801"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71801\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/70689"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71801"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71801"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71801"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}