{"id":71730,"date":"2025-02-07T00:36:03","date_gmt":"2025-02-06T23:36:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=71730"},"modified":"2025-02-06T12:25:29","modified_gmt":"2025-02-06T11:25:29","slug":"zakon-eu-o-umele-inteligenci-legalizuje-biometricke-hromadne-sledovani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/02\/07\/zakon-eu-o-umele-inteligenci-legalizuje-biometricke-hromadne-sledovani\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1kon EU o um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci legalizuje biometrick\u00e9 hromadn\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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EU nen\u00ed maj\u00e1kem ochrany \u00fadaj\u016f, za kter\u00fd se vyd\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u00fanor znamenal prvn\u00ed term\u00edn pro dosa\u017een\u00ed souladu se z\u00e1konem EU o um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci, kter\u00fd vstoupil v platnost v srpnu. Jedn\u00e1 se o ustanoven\u00ed, kter\u00e1 EU umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed legalizovat biometrick\u00e9 hromadn\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u011bje se tak prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku 5, kter\u00fd p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm poskytuje z\u00e1ruky proti pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed \u201enep\u0159ijateln\u00e9 riziko\u201c. Existuj\u00ed v\u0161ak i v\u00fdjimky, kter\u00e9 jsou v z\u00e1kon\u011b definov\u00e1ny jako \u201enezbytn\u011b nutn\u00e9\u201c, kdy je pou\u017eit\u00ed takov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f povoleno.<\/span><\/p>\n

To vedlo k obav\u00e1m, \u017ee jedn\u00edm z d\u016fsledk\u016f z\u00e1kona o AI by mohla b\u00fdt legalizace n\u011bkter\u00fdch vysoce kontroverzn\u00edch aplikac\u00ed biometrick\u00e9ho hromadn\u00e9ho sledov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010cl\u00e1nek 5 zakazuje pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed biometrick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f d\u00e1lkov\u00e9ho rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00fdmi v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prostranstv\u00edch \u2013 ale pouze \u201epokud a v rozsahu, kdy takov\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed nen\u00ed nezbytn\u011b nutn\u00e9\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edpady, kdy org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00e9 v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u00e1traj\u00ed po \u201ekonkr\u00e9tn\u00edch ob\u011btech\u201c trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f, jako je \u00fanos, obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s lidmi a sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed vyko\u0159is\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed, jako\u017e i p\u0159i p\u00e1tr\u00e1n\u00ed po poh\u0159e\u0161ovan\u00fdch osob\u00e1ch, jsou ozna\u010dov\u00e1ny za \u201enezbytn\u011b nutn\u00e9\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1 definice je m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159esn\u00e1, proto\u017ee umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017eit\u00ed sledovac\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f AI k prevenci kriminality. To zahrnuje ohro\u017een\u00ed \u017eivota nebo fyzick\u00e9 integrity osob klasifikovan\u00e9 jako \u201ekonkr\u00e9tn\u00ed, v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 a bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed\u201c nebo hrozbu teroristick\u00e9ho \u00fatoku, kter\u00e9 je donucovac\u00edmi org\u00e1ny klasifikov\u00e1no jako \u201eskute\u010dn\u00e9 a sou\u010dasn\u00e9\u201c, ale tak\u00e9 \u201eskute\u010dn\u00e9 a p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kone\u010dn\u011b z\u00e1kon o AI pova\u017euje n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dinnosti za \u201ezcela nezbytn\u00e9\u201c, aby je vylou\u010dil ze zak\u00e1zan\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed AI: \u201eum\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed nebo identifikace osoby podez\u0159el\u00e9 ze sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu za \u00fa\u010delem veden\u00ed trestn\u00edho vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed nebo v\u00fdkonu trestn\u00edho postihu za trestn\u00fd \u010din\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto trestn\u00e9 \u010diny jsou uvedeny v p\u0159\u00edloze II a v \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech EU se trestaj\u00ed sazbou s horn\u00ed hranic\u00ed trestn\u00ed sazby nejm\u00e9n\u011b \u010dty\u0159i roky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jin\u00fdmi slovy, ustanoven\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed celou \u0159adu \u201enezbytn\u011b nutn\u00fdch\u201c sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f a v\u00fdklad\u016f, kter\u00e9 by umo\u017enily hromadn\u00e9 biometrick\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aby EU usnadnila vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va, vyvinula \u201ePakt AI\u201c \u2013 dal\u0161\u00ed \u201edobrovoln\u00fd z\u00e1vazek\u201c EU, kter\u00fd podepsalo v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 spole\u010dnost\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b Amazonu, Google a OpenAI \u2013 nikoli v\u0161ak Meta a Apple.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed pozorovatel\u00e9 poukazuj\u00ed na to, \u017ee spole\u010dnosti kritizuj\u00edc\u00ed legislativu o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed jasnost norem a pokyn\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

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EU nen\u00ed maj\u00e1kem ochrany \u00fadaj\u016f, za kter\u00fd se vyd\u00e1v\u00e1. 2. \u00fanor znamenal prvn\u00ed term\u00edn pro…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":58479,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[41,1975,1430,609],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71730"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71730"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71730\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/58479"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71730"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71730"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71730"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}