{"id":70585,"date":"2025-01-21T00:39:28","date_gmt":"2025-01-20T23:39:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=70585"},"modified":"2025-01-20T15:19:20","modified_gmt":"2025-01-20T14:19:20","slug":"narust-casu-straveneho-na-obrazovce-behem-blokovani-podporuje-epidemii-kratkozrakosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/01\/21\/narust-casu-straveneho-na-obrazovce-behem-blokovani-podporuje-epidemii-kratkozrakosti\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00e1r\u016fst \u010dasu str\u00e1ven\u00e9ho na obrazovce b\u011bhem blokov\u00e1n\u00ed podporuje epidemii kr\u00e1tkozrakosti"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb4c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content\" data-id=\"1fb4c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-content.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Historie na prvn\u00ed pohled<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Studie prok\u00e1zaly v\u00fdznamnou souvislost mezi zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm digit\u00e1ln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed b\u011bhem uzam\u010den\u00ed COVID-19 a progres\u00ed kr\u00e1tkozrakosti u d\u011bt\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e nejv\u00edce jsou posti\u017eeny mlad\u0161\u00ed v\u011bkov\u00e9 skupiny.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>D\u011bti ve v\u011bku 8 a\u017e 17 let zaznamenaly zdvojn\u00e1soben\u00ed prevalence kr\u00e1tkozrakosti b\u011bhem uzam\u010den\u00ed, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b kv\u016fli del\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b str\u00e1ven\u00e9 na obrazovce a nedostatku venkovn\u00edch aktivit, o kter\u00fdch je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed kr\u00e1tkozrakost\u00ed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Komplexn\u00ed metaanal\u00fdza potvrdila souvislost mezi \u010dasem u obrazovky a kr\u00e1tkozrakost\u00ed a zjistila, \u017ee po\u010d\u00edta\u010de maj\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vliv na progresi kr\u00e1tkozrakosti u d\u011bt\u00ed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>V\u00fdzkum ukazuje, \u017ee \u010dasn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed screeningu u p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed je spojeno s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm rizikem rozvoje kr\u00e1tkozrakosti, zejm\u00e9na u d\u011bt\u00ed kr\u00e1tkozrak\u00fdch rodi\u010d\u016f. To zd\u016fraz\u0148uje d\u016fle\u017eitost kontroly \u010dasu str\u00e1ven\u00e9ho na obrazovce ji\u017e od ran\u00e9ho v\u011bku<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika kr\u00e1tkozrakosti se doporu\u010duje zkr\u00e1tit dobu str\u00e1venou na obrazovce a zv\u00fd\u0161it venkovn\u00ed aktivity. N\u00ed\u017ee jsou uvedeny dal\u0161\u00ed strategie pro ochranu zdrav\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Pandemie COVID-19 v\u00fdrazn\u011b zm\u011bnila ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot, zejm\u00e9na d\u011btem, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00e1bav\u011b spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na digit\u00e1ln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Tento posun vyvolal obavy z potenci\u00e1ln\u00edho dopadu del\u0161\u00ed doby str\u00e1ven\u00e9 na obrazovce na prevalenci kr\u00e1tkozrakosti, co\u017e je stav oka, kdy vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 objekty vypadaj\u00ed rozmazan\u011b, zat\u00edmco bl\u00edzk\u00e9 objekty jsou vid\u011bt jasn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Studie podporuj\u00ed tento alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed trend a ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee dlouhodob\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edch obrazovek b\u011bhem uzam\u010den\u00ed vedlo k n\u00e1r\u016fstu kr\u00e1tkozrakosti u d\u011bt\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad studie publikovan\u00e1 v American Journal of Ophthalmology zjistila, \u017ee kr\u00e1tkozrakost postihne do roku 2050 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovinu sv\u011btov\u00e9 populace v d\u016fsledku t\u011bchto zm\u011bn v pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s pandemi\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Krom zraku vede kr\u00e1tkozrakost k dal\u0161\u00edm zdravotn\u00edm a \u017eivotn\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm. D\u011bti s kr\u00e1tkozrakost\u00ed za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed akademick\u00e9 a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed jejich celkov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj a kvalitu \u017eivota. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed u\u010den\u00ed i nad\u00e1le hraje \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed roli ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, ochrana zraku d\u011bt\u00ed je nyn\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo dlouhodob\u00fdm komplikac\u00edm a zajistilo se jejich blaho ve st\u00e1le v\u00edce digit\u00e1ln\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><span>Pochopen\u00ed kr\u00e1tkozrakosti \u2013 p\u0159\u00ed\u010din, p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f a probl\u00e9m\u016f v l\u00e9\u010db\u011b<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Myopie, b\u011b\u017en\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako kr\u00e1tkozrakost, je charakterizov\u00e1na prodlou\u017een\u00edm o\u010dn\u00ed bulvy, co\u017e zt\u011b\u017euje zaost\u0159en\u00ed na vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty. Toto prodlou\u017een\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee sv\u011btlo vstupuj\u00edc\u00ed do oka je zaost\u0159eno p\u0159ed s\u00edtnic\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e p\u0159\u00edmo na ni, co\u017e m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed vzd\u00e1len\u00fdch objekt\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Mezi p\u0159\u00edznaky kr\u00e1tkozrakosti pat\u0159\u00ed \u010dast\u00e9 bolesti hlavy, \u00fanava o\u010d\u00ed a pot\u0159eba m\u017eourat, aby bylo vid\u011bt jasn\u011b. Pokud se nel\u00e9\u010d\u00ed, kr\u00e1tkozrakost se \u010dasem zhor\u0161uje, co\u017e vede k vysok\u00e9 kr\u00e1tkozrakosti a zvy\u0161uje riziko v\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch o\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako je odchl\u00edpen\u00ed s\u00edtnice a glaukom. Je to proto, \u017ee pr\u00e1ce zbl\u00edzka, jako je kup\u0159 B. pr\u00e1ce na obrazovce jsou o\u010di nuceny zaost\u0159ovat na bl\u00edzk\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty, co\u017e p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k prodlou\u017een\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed bulvy a podporuje progresi kr\u00e1tkozrakosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Diagnostika kr\u00e1tkozrakosti zahrnuje standardn\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 obvykle zahrnuj\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed cykloplegick\u00e9 refrakce pro p\u0159esn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed refrak\u010dn\u00edch vad zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch do\u010dasnou paral\u00fdzou cili\u00e1rn\u00edho svalu pomoc\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00edch o\u010dn\u00edch kapek. Tato metoda je v\u0161ak pro d\u011bti nepohodln\u00e1 a pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed nen\u00ed v\u017edy provediteln\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Na druhou stranu, spol\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed se na symptomy, kter\u00e9 si sami hl\u00e1s\u00ed nebo na necykloplegickou refrakci, vede k podcen\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017enosti onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Nekonzistentn\u00ed testovac\u00ed metody, subjektivn\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed a nedostatek standardizovan\u00fdch protokol\u016f p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k chybn\u00e9 diagn\u00f3ze nebo opo\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 detekci kr\u00e1tkozrakosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Konven\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba tohoto stavu obvykle zahrnuje korek\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dky nebo refrak\u010dn\u00ed chirurgii, kter\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed pouze symptomy, nikoli p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny a n\u011bkdy dokonce vedou ke komplikac\u00edm. Refrak\u010dn\u00ed chirurgie s sebou nese rizika, jako jsou such\u00e9 o\u010di a po\u0161kozen\u00ed zraku. Pochopen\u00ed t\u011bchto nev\u00fdhod je nezbytn\u00e9 pro zv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed alternativn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b kr\u00e1tkozrakosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><span>Studie ukazuj\u00ed \u0161okuj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst kr\u00e1tkozrakosti u d\u011bt\u00ed b\u011bhem uzam\u010den\u00ed<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Studie zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 v listopadu 2024 v British Journal of Ophthalmology spojila v\u00fdznamn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst kr\u00e1tkozrakosti u d\u011bt\u00ed s del\u0161\u00ed dobou str\u00e1venou u obrazovky b\u011bhem uzam\u010den\u00ed COVID-19. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci sledovali 2 064 d\u011bt\u00ed ve v\u011bku od 2 do 17 let z oblasti Chicaga, kter\u00e9 podstoupily o\u010dn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed od za\u010d\u00e1tku ledna 2019 do b\u0159ezna 2021.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>V\u00fdsledky ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee progrese kr\u00e1tkozrakosti se b\u011bhem blokov\u00e1n\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159edchoz\u00edm rokem v\u00edce ne\u017e zdvojn\u00e1sobila. N\u00e1r\u016fst byl nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed u d\u011bt\u00ed ve v\u011bku 8 a\u017e 17 let, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje 25 % p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f kr\u00e1tkozrakosti. Nav\u00edc d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 byly kr\u00e1tkozrak\u00e9 ji\u017e p\u0159ed uzav\u0159en\u00edm, hl\u00e1sily nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zhor\u0161en\u00ed zraku. Auto\u0159i dosp\u011bli k z\u00e1v\u011bru:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span>\u201ePo obdob\u00ed zm\u011bn souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s COVID-19 do\u0161lo u d\u011bt\u00ed v metropolitn\u00ed oblasti Chicaga k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu progrese kr\u00e1tkozrakosti. Tyto v\u00fdsledky by mohly vysv\u011btlit zm\u011bny chov\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 uzam\u010den\u00edm a online v\u00fdukou b\u011bhem pandemie.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>Tyto v\u00fdsledky jsou v souladu s metaanal\u00fdzou publikovanou v BMC Public Health v \u010dervnu 2024, kter\u00e1 hodnotila \u00fadaje z 19 studi\u00ed zahrnuj\u00edc\u00edch 102 360 d\u011bt\u00ed a dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch z v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asie, ji\u017en\u00ed Asie, Evropy a Severn\u00ed Ameriky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Tato metaanal\u00fdza zjistila, \u017ee \u010das str\u00e1ven\u00fd u po\u010d\u00edta\u010de m\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dopad na kr\u00e1tkozrakost, s mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm rizikem ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm televize. Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed chytr\u00fdch telefon\u016f neprok\u00e1zalo silnou souvislost s kr\u00e1tkozrakost\u00ed, co\u017e nazna\u010duje rozd\u00edly ve zp\u016fsobu, jak\u00fdm r\u016fzn\u00e9 obrazovky ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci tak\u00e9 pozorovali, \u017ee s ka\u017edou dal\u0161\u00ed hodinou denn\u00edho \u010dasu str\u00e1ven\u00e9ho na obrazovce se pravd\u011bpodobnost vzniku kr\u00e1tkozrakosti zv\u00fd\u0161ila o 7 %, co\u017e zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, jak i mal\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed obrazovky v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke kr\u00e1tkozrakosti. Tento \u00fa\u010dinek byl v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed a ji\u017en\u00ed Asii ne\u017e v Evrop\u011b a Americe, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee roli hraj\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed environment\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo genetick\u00e9 faktory.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Auto\u0159i tak\u00e9 pouk\u00e1zali na z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli outdoorov\u00fdch aktivit v prevenci kr\u00e1tkozrakosti. B\u011bhem uzam\u010den\u00ed p\u0159isp\u011bla sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 expozice sv\u011btlu k progresi kr\u00e1tkozrakosti u d\u011bt\u00ed, proto\u017ee je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee venkovn\u00ed aktivity pom\u00e1haj\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zet a zm\u00edr\u0148ovat kr\u00e1tkozrakost t\u00edm, \u017ee podporuj\u00ed uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed dopaminu, kter\u00fd hraje roli p\u0159i regulaci r\u016fstu o\u010d\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, \u017ee studie zjistila, \u017ee po roce 2008 se spojen\u00ed mezi \u010dasem u obrazovky a kr\u00e1tkozrakost\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce prohloubilo, co\u017e se shoduje s rostouc\u00ed prevalenc\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, co\u017e m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek, \u017ee d\u011bti tr\u00e1v\u00ed u obrazovek v\u00edce \u010dasu ne\u017e kdy p\u0159edt\u00edm. Tyto v\u00fdsledky zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitost sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u010dasu na obrazovce u d\u011bt\u00ed a dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo progresi kr\u00e1tkozrakosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><span>Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed obrazovky b\u011bhem pandemie urychlilo progresi kr\u00e1tkozrakosti u teenager\u016f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Studie zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 v Frontiers in Pediatrics v kv\u011btnu 2021 zkoumala 3 831 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch v p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edm v\u011bku a\u017e po vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kolu b\u011bhem pandemie COVID-19 a poskytla dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fkazy o tom, jak ka\u017edodenn\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed obrazovky, \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 distan\u010dn\u00edm u\u010den\u00edm a uzam\u010den\u00edm, p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke zhor\u0161en\u00ed kr\u00e1tkozrakosti. p\u0159isp\u011bl.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Studie zjistila, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed hodina str\u00e1ven\u00e1 na digit\u00e1ln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch zvy\u0161uje riziko progrese kr\u00e1tkozrakosti o 26 %. D\u016fle\u017eitou roli hr\u00e1l typ pou\u017eit\u00e9ho digit\u00e1ln\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, u po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f bylo riziko vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed o 81,3 %. Je pozoruhodn\u00e9, \u017ee na rozd\u00edl od v\u00fdsledk\u016f studie BMC Public Health tato studie spojila pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed smartphon\u016f s je\u0161t\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm rizikem \u2013 uk\u00e1zala o 102 % vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed progresi kr\u00e1tkozrakosti ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm televize.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee men\u0161\u00ed obrazovky dr\u017een\u00e9 bl\u00ed\u017ee o\u010d\u00edm zat\u011b\u017euj\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obrazovky, jako jsou televize. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdsledk\u016f ostatn\u00edch prezentovan\u00fdch studi\u00ed tento \u010dl\u00e1nek tak\u00e9 zd\u016fraznil, jak moc pandemie zm\u011bnila ka\u017edodenn\u00ed rutiny.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Kdy\u017e se \u0161koly zav\u00edraly a d\u00e1lkov\u00e9 studium se stalo normou, tr\u00e1vili dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed del\u0161\u00ed dobu pln\u011bn\u00edm \u00fakol\u016f pro vid\u011bn\u00ed na bl\u00edzko. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edch obrazovek b\u011bhem pandemie COVID-19 spolu s men\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtem venkovn\u00edch aktivit zv\u00fd\u0161ilo rizikov\u00e9 faktory spojen\u00e9 s progres\u00ed kr\u00e1tkozrakosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><span>\u010casn\u00e9 vystaven\u00ed obrazovk\u00e1m u p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed je spojeno s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm rizikem myopie<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Krom\u011b d\u016fkaz\u016f o \u0161kodliv\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch digit\u00e1ln\u00edch obrazovek na zdrav\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed zkoumala dal\u0161\u00ed studie publikovan\u00e1 v International Journey of Environmental Research and Public Health souvislost mezi \u010dasem str\u00e1ven\u00fdm u obrazovky v ran\u00e9m d\u011btstv\u00ed a rozvojem kr\u00e1tkozrakosti u d\u011bt\u00ed v p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edm v\u011bku.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pomoc\u00ed dat z Longhua Children&#8217;s Cohort Study, kter\u00e1 zahrnovala 29 595 d\u011bt\u00ed ve v\u011bku 2 a\u017e 7 let, v\u011bdci analyzovali 26 433 d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly bu\u010f norm\u00e1ln\u00ed, nebo kr\u00e1tkozrak\u00e9. V\u00fdsledky uk\u00e1zaly v\u00fdznamnou souvislost mezi \u010dasn\u00fdm screeningem a v\u00fdskytem myopie u p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Riziko vzniku kr\u00e1tkozrakosti bylo vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed u d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 tr\u00e1vily ka\u017ed\u00fd den v\u00edce \u010dasu u obrazovek a kter\u00e9 byly obrazovk\u00e1m vystaveny n\u011bkolik let. Prvn\u00ed rok \u017eivota d\u00edt\u011bte je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b citliv\u00fdm obdob\u00edm pro vliv pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed obrazovky na v\u00fdvoj o\u010d\u00ed, proto\u017ee o\u010di se b\u011bhem t\u00e9to doby rychle vyv\u00edjej\u00ed a p\u0159izp\u016fsobuj\u00ed zrakov\u00fdm podn\u011bt\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Nadm\u011brn\u00fd \u010das na obrazovce v tomto obdob\u00ed naru\u0161uje p\u0159irozen\u00e9 vzorce r\u016fstu oka a vede k prodlu\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuje kr\u00e1tkozrakost. D\u011bti s kr\u00e1tkozrak\u00fdmi rodi\u010di jsou tak\u00e9 n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k rozvoji kr\u00e1tkozrakosti, kdy\u017e jsou vystaveny obrazovk\u00e1m v mlad\u00e9m v\u011bku. Av\u0161ak i v rodin\u00e1ch bez anamn\u00e9zy kr\u00e1tkozrakosti zvy\u0161uje \u010dasn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed screeningu v kojeneck\u00e9m v\u011bku (0 a\u017e 1 rok) riziko, co\u017e zd\u016fraz\u0148uje d\u016fle\u017eitost omezen\u00ed \u010dasu na obrazovce od ran\u00e9ho v\u011bku, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo vzniku myopie.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><span>Pou\u017eijte tyto strategie k ochran\u011b zraku va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Ochrana zraku va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 p\u0159ijet\u00edm strategi\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu, kter\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed zdrav\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed a sni\u017euj\u00ed riziko kr\u00e1tkozrakosti. Zde je n\u011bkolik krok\u016f, kter\u00e9 pomohou udr\u017eet zrakovou ostrost va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte a celkovou pohodu o\u010d\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>1. Zajist\u011bte, aby se \u010das venku nedal vyjedn\u00e1vat \u2013<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Napl\u00e1nujte sv\u00e9mu d\u00edt\u011bti alespo\u0148 jednu hodinu venkovn\u00ed aktivity denn\u011b, abyste sn\u00ed\u017eili jeho z\u00e1vislost na aktivit\u00e1ch zalo\u017een\u00fdch na obrazovce. Povzbu\u010fte star\u0161\u00ed d\u011bti k venkovn\u00edm aktivit\u00e1m b\u011bhem poledn\u00edch p\u0159est\u00e1vek nebo ve voln\u00e9m \u010dase. V\u00fdzkum ukazuje, \u017ee pouh\u00e1 jedna hodina pobytu venku t\u00fddn\u011b nav\u00edc sni\u017euje riziko kr\u00e1tkozrakosti o 14 %.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>2. Nastavte limity \u010dasu str\u00e1ven\u00e9ho na obrazovce \u2013<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Omezte denn\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed obrazovky na maxim\u00e1ln\u011b dv\u011b hodiny pro d\u011bti ve v\u011bku 5 a\u017e 17 let a \u00fapln\u011b se vyhn\u011bte pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed obrazovky u d\u011bt\u00ed mlad\u0161\u00edch 1 roku. Pokud je \u010das str\u00e1ven\u00fd u obrazovky nevyhnuteln\u00fd, ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee va\u0161e d\u00edt\u011b sed\u00ed v p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti od obrazovky a d\u011bl\u00e1 si pravideln\u00e9 p\u0159est\u00e1vky, aby si o\u010di odpo\u010dinuly. Jednoduch\u00fdm trikem je pravidlo 20-20-20. Po 20 minut\u00e1ch \u010dasu str\u00e1ven\u00e9ho na obrazovce nechte sv\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b alespo\u0148 20 sekund d\u00edvat se na n\u011bco vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho 20 stop. To sni\u017euje \u00fanavu o\u010d\u00ed a chr\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161 zrak.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>3. Vytvo\u0159te oblasti obrazovky \u2013<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Ur\u010dete konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed oblasti a \u010dasy ve va\u0161\u00ed dom\u00e1cnosti, kde obrazovky nejsou povoleny, nap\u0159. B. p\u0159i j\u00eddle nebo v lo\u017enic\u00edch. Nejen, \u017ee to sni\u017euje celkov\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed obrazovky, ale tak\u00e9 podporuje zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1vyky t\u00edm, \u017ee povzbuzuje va\u0161e d\u00edt\u011b k aktivit\u00e1m, jako je hran\u00ed venku, \u010dten\u00ed nebo tr\u00e1ven\u00ed \u010dasu s rodinou.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>4. Sni\u017ete vystaven\u00ed modr\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu z obrazovek a um\u011bl\u00e9ho osv\u011btlen\u00ed \u2013<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0modr\u00e9 sv\u011btlo naru\u0161uje produkci melatoninu, ovliv\u0148uje sp\u00e1nek a zvy\u0161uje oxida\u010dn\u00ed stres v \u010do\u010dce, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se zvy\u0161uje riziko dlouhodob\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f se zrakem, jako je \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal. Pou\u017e\u00edvejte na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch filtry modr\u00e9ho sv\u011btla a povzbuzujte k pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed br\u00fdl\u00ed s modr\u00fdm sv\u011btlem, zejm\u00e9na ve\u010der, abyste ochr\u00e1nili o\u010di sv\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte p\u0159ed \u0161kodliv\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dinky dlouhodob\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed obrazovky.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>5. Jezte stravu \u0161etrnou k o\u010d\u00edm \u2013<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Strava bohat\u00e1 na \u017eiviny je kl\u00ed\u010dem k podpo\u0159e zraku va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte. Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee j\u00eddla va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte obsahuj\u00ed potraviny bohat\u00e9 na \u017eiviny prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 pro o\u010di, jako je vitamin C, astaxanthin, lutein a zeaxanthin. Tyto siln\u00e9 antioxidanty bojuj\u00ed proti oxidativn\u00edmu stresu, chr\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00edtnici a podporuj\u00ed celkovou zrakovou funkci. Listov\u00e1 zelenina, mrkev, sladk\u00e9 brambory a ovoce jsou vynikaj\u00edc\u00edmi zdroji t\u011bchto \u017eivin. Pokud je to nutn\u00e9, zva\u017ete dopl\u0148ky v\u00fd\u017eivy, kter\u00e9 dopln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 nutri\u010dn\u00ed nedostatky a udr\u017e\u00ed o\u010di va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte siln\u00e9 a zdrav\u00e9.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>6. Bu\u010fte si v\u011bdomi \u0161kodliv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsad, kter\u00e9 \u010d\u00edhaj\u00ed v j\u00eddle va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte \u2013<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Chra\u0148te zrak sv\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte t\u00edm, \u017ee se vyhnete \u0161kodliv\u00fdm slo\u017ek\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 po\u0161kozuj\u00ed jeho o\u010di, zejm\u00e9na polynenasycen\u00fdm mastn\u00fdm kyselin\u00e1m (PUFA), jako je\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/articles.mercola.com\/sites\/articles\/archive\/2023\/07\/17\/linoleic-acid.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>kyselina linolov\u00e1<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0(LA). Tyto tuky, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v rostlinn\u00fdch olej\u00edch, jako je \u0159epkov\u00fd, s\u00f3jov\u00fd a kuku\u0159i\u010dn\u00fd olej, jsou vysoce n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k oxidaci, co\u017e vede k z\u00e1n\u011bt\u016fm a po\u0161kozen\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed. B\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi zdroji t\u011bchto \u0161kodliv\u00fdch olej\u016f jsou zpracovan\u00e9 potraviny, rychl\u00e9 ob\u010derstven\u00ed a v\u011bt\u0161ina j\u00eddel v restaurac\u00edch. Up\u0159ednost\u0148ujte \u010derstv\u00e1, doma uva\u0159en\u00e1 j\u00eddla vyroben\u00e1 ze zdrav\u00fdch tuk\u016f, jako je kokosov\u00fd olej nebo m\u00e1slo z tr\u00e1vy, abyste podpo\u0159ili zdrav\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed a celkovou pohodu va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>7. Vyhn\u011bte se aspartamu ve strav\u011b \u2013<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Probl\u00e9my se zrakem jsou jedn\u00edm z mnoha akutn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f otravy aspartamem. Tato l\u00e1tka se \u010dasto vyskytuje v produktech \u201ebez cukru\u201c nebo \u201edietn\u00edch\u201c produktech, jako jsou: B. v dietn\u00edch limon\u00e1d\u00e1ch, n\u00edzkokalorick\u00fdch jogurtech, \u017ev\u00fdka\u010dk\u00e1ch bez cukru a dal\u0161\u00edch zpracovan\u00fdch sva\u010din\u00e1ch a n\u00e1poj\u00edch. Abyste zajistili bezpe\u010dnost va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte, pe\u010dliv\u011b zkontrolujte seznamy slo\u017eek, zda neobsahuje aspartam nebo souvisej\u00edc\u00ed zna\u010dky, jako je NutraSweet nebo Equal. Pou\u017eit\u00edm p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch sladidel, jako je med nebo javorov\u00fd sirup, m\u016f\u017eete podpo\u0159it zdrav\u00ed sv\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte bez rizik spojen\u00fdch s aspartamem.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>8. Sledujte \u010dasn\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky probl\u00e9m\u016f se zrakem \u2013<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Sledujte b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed u va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte, jako jsou: B. M\u017eour\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010dast\u00e9 mnut\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed nebo sezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 bl\u00edzko u obrazovek. Pokud si v\u0161imnete n\u011bkter\u00e9ho z t\u011bchto chov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo se p\u0159edpis va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte rychle zm\u011bn\u00ed, kontaktujte o\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e, aby vyhodnotil. Pokud se o\u010di va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed obrazovek c\u00edt\u00ed such\u00e9, unaven\u00e9 nebo nam\u00e1han\u00e9, zva\u017ete zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed frekvence p\u0159est\u00e1vek a pobytu venku. V\u010dasn\u00e9 odhalen\u00ed zrakov\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u010dasnou intervenci, v\u010detn\u011b \u00fapravy \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu, zpomalit progresi kr\u00e1tkozrakosti a podpo\u0159it zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj o\u010d\u00ed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Anal\u00fdza od Dr. Josef Mercola<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Zdroje:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><sup><span>1\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ajo.com\/article\/S0002-9394(20)30392-5\/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>American Journal of Ophthalmology, 30. \u010dervence 2020; 223:333\u2013337<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>2,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>3\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/bjo.bmj.com\/content\/early\/2024\/11\/17\/bjo-2024-325984\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>British Journal of Ophthalmology, 18. listopadu 2024: bjo-2024-325984<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>4,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>5,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>6,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>7\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12889-024-19113-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>BMC Public Health, 2024, Volume 24, Article number: 1625<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>8,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>9,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>10\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8185041\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>Frontiers in Pediatrics, 25. kv\u011btna 2021, svazek 9, \u010dl\u00e1nek 662984<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>11,\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<sup><span>12\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/17\/3\/1056\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 7. \u00fanora 2020, svazek 17, \u010d\u00edslo 3, \u010dl\u00e1nek 1056<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><sup><span>13\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41433-018-0015-5.epdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>Eye (2018) 32:1042\u20131047<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c57238 quelle dc-has-condition dc-condition-empty elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8c57238\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/articles.mercola.com\/sites\/articles\/archive\/2025\/01\/14\/screen-time-during-lockdowns-myopia-epidemic.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Historie na prvn\u00ed pohled Studie prok\u00e1zaly v\u00fdznamnou souvislost mezi zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm digit\u00e1ln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed b\u011bhem uzam\u010den\u00ed&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":62808,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[245,8467,2134,1146,21],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70585"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70585"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70585\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62808"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70585"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=70585"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=70585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}