{"id":69579,"date":"2025-01-06T00:38:07","date_gmt":"2025-01-05T23:38:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=69579"},"modified":"2025-01-05T15:26:23","modified_gmt":"2025-01-05T14:26:23","slug":"cina-se-obraci-na-brics-aby-celila-obchodnimu-napeti-se-spojenymi-staty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/01\/06\/cina-se-obraci-na-brics-aby-celila-obchodnimu-napeti-se-spojenymi-staty\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010c\u00edna se obrac\u00ed na BRICS, aby \u010delila obchodn\u00edmu nap\u011bt\u00ed se Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Zat\u00edmco se Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed na zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch sankc\u00ed v\u016f\u010di \u010c\u00edn\u011b, Peking reaguje diverzifikac\u00ed sv\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch alianc\u00ed. Strategie, kter\u00e1 stav\u00ed blok BRICS \u2013 Braz\u00edlii, Rusko, Indii, \u010c\u00ednu a Ji\u017en\u00ed Afriku \u2013 do st\u0159edu sv\u00fdch nov\u00fdch priorit. Mezi t\u011bmito partnery zauj\u00edm\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00ed postaven\u00ed Braz\u00edlie, dev\u00e1t\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ekonomika na sv\u011bt\u011b, d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9mu trhu a strategick\u00e9mu zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9mu exportu, komentuje Urban C. Lehner v Asia Times, 18. prosince 2024.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty v defenziv\u011b<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 jmenov\u00e1n\u00ed v Trumpov\u011b administrativ\u011b vys\u00edlaj\u00ed do Pekingu jasnou zpr\u00e1vu, \u017ee B\u00edl\u00fd d\u016fm zaujme tvrd\u00fd postoj. S Marcem Rubiem jako ministrem zahrani\u010d\u00ed, Mikem Walzem jako poradcem pro n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost a Davidem Perduem jako velvyslancem v \u010c\u00edn\u011b se prezidentsk\u00fd t\u00fdm skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z osobnost\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00fdch sv\u00fdm nep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00edm v\u016f\u010di Pekingu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Donald Trump tak\u00e9 zopakoval sv\u016fj slib zav\u00e9st na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 produkty celn\u00ed sazby ve v\u00fd\u0161i 60 %. Pohrozil tak\u00e9 dev\u00edti \u010dlen\u016fm bloku BRICS je\u0161t\u011b tvrd\u0161\u00edmi ekonomick\u00fdmi sankcemi, pokud se pokus\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eit dominanci dolaru jako sv\u011btov\u00e9 rezervn\u00ed m\u011bny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Braz\u00edlie, kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 aktivum pro Peking<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 t\u011bmto hrozb\u00e1m \u010c\u00edna pracuje na pos\u00edlen\u00ed sv\u00fdch partnerstv\u00ed v r\u00e1mci BRICS a Braz\u00edlie se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt strategick\u00fdm spojencem. Jihoamerick\u00e1 zem\u011b s v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 miliony obyvatel p\u0159edstavuje d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fd trh, ale tak\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00fd zdroj surovin pro \u010c\u00ednu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Brazilsk\u00fd export s\u00f3jov\u00fdch bob\u016f, hov\u011bz\u00edho masa a \u017eelezn\u00e9 rudy odpov\u00edd\u00e1 rostouc\u00edm pot\u0159eb\u00e1m \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 ekonomiky. Peking v tom tak\u00e9 vid\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost k diverzifikaci sv\u00fdch zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch dod\u00e1vek, co\u017e je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed probl\u00e9m, proto\u017ee nap\u011bt\u00ed se Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty m\u016f\u017ee omezovat bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed obchod.<\/span><\/p>\n

Diverzifikace a ekonomick\u00e1 diplomacie<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Toto p\u0159eorientov\u00e1n\u00ed na BRICS je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed strategie pro Peking: sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed jeho z\u00e1vislosti na z\u00e1padn\u00edch trz\u00edch a pos\u00edlen\u00ed jeho vlivu v rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00edch se ekonomik\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee se zem\u011b BRICS li\u0161\u00ed ve sv\u00fdch n\u00e1rodn\u00edch c\u00edlech, nab\u00edzej\u00ed r\u00e1mec pro spolupr\u00e1ci, kter\u00fd slou\u017e\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm ambic\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nov\u00e1 rozvojov\u00e1 banka (NDB), vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 blokem v roce 2014, financuje infrastrukturn\u00ed projekty v \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00edch a usnad\u0148uje ekonomick\u00fd obchod. Pro \u010c\u00ednu tyto iniciativy pokl\u00e1daj\u00ed z\u00e1klady alternativn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed a finan\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, m\u00e9n\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na instituc\u00edch ovl\u00e1dan\u00fdch Z\u00e1padem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ochota BRICS zpochybnit nadvl\u00e1du dolaru v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 omezen\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

A p\u0159esto\u017ee \u010c\u00edna aktivn\u011b prosazuje pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed j\u00fcanu\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/em>\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm obchodu, st\u00e1le v\u00e1h\u00e1, zda kapit\u00e1lov\u00e9 toky pln\u011b liberalizovat. To je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed podm\u00ednkou pro to, aby se jeho m\u011bna stala skute\u010dnou alternativou k dolaru.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bud\u00ed\u010dek pro americk\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Pro americk\u00e9 farm\u00e1\u0159e je zintenzivn\u011bn\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsko-brazilsk\u00fdch vztah\u016f znepokojiv\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem. \u010c\u00edna je ji\u017e dlouho kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm trhem pro produkty, jako jsou s\u00f3jov\u00e9 boby. P\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho dovozu do Braz\u00edlie by mohlo omezit p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti pro americk\u00e9 v\u00fdrobce, ji\u017e oslaben\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed nejistotou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud \u010c\u00edna bude pokra\u010dovat v t\u00e9to cest\u011b, dopady budou poci\u0165ov\u00e1ny daleko za hranicemi zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho sektoru. Americk\u00e1 ekonomika jako celek by mohla vid\u011bt, jak se jej\u00ed vliv na rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00edch se trz\u00edch zmen\u0161uje, proto\u017ee tam Peking upev\u0148uje sv\u00e9 pozice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Riskantn\u00ed, ale nezbytn\u00e1 strategie<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Pos\u00edlen\u00ed obchodu s Braz\u00edli\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edmi \u010dleny BRICS je pro \u010c\u00ednu pragmatickou odpov\u011bd\u00ed na v\u00fdzvy, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty. Tato strategie v\u0161ak nen\u00ed bez rizik. Braz\u00edlie nap\u0159\u00edklad st\u00e1le pot\u0159ebuje p\u0159ekonat struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed nedostatky, v\u010detn\u011b nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 infrastruktury, aby maximalizovala sv\u016fj obchodn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l.<\/span><\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho by konkurence v r\u00e1mci BRICS mohla omezovat v\u00fdhody t\u00e9to diverzifikace pro Peking. O pos\u00edlen\u00ed sv\u00e9ho ekonomick\u00e9ho vlivu v regionu usiluj\u00ed tak\u00e9 Indie a Rusko.<\/span><\/p>\n

Buduje se nov\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

S touto strategi\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159enou na BRICS \u010c\u00edna nov\u011b definuje svou roli v glob\u00e1ln\u00edm syst\u00e9mu v pln\u00e9 transformaci. Sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e aby se Peking nechal marginalizovat protekcionistickou politikou Washingtonu, zrychluje sv\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed o vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b multipol\u00e1rn\u00edch ekonomick\u00fdch alianc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud bude obchodn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159etrv\u00e1vat, tato zm\u011bna orientace by mohla p\u0159etvo\u0159it glob\u00e1ln\u00ed obchodn\u00ed toky, p\u0159erozd\u011blit bilance ekonomick\u00e9 s\u00edly a d\u00e1le oslabit dominanci USA na rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00edch se trz\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pro Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty tato dynamika p\u0159edstavuje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed ot\u00e1zku: riskuje jejich agresivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup v\u016f\u010di \u010c\u00edn\u011b, \u017ee bude katalyz\u00e1torem trval\u00e9ho posunu sm\u011brem k nov\u00e9mu sv\u011btov\u00e9mu hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu \u0159\u00e1du?<\/span><\/p>\n

Anal\u00fdza od Oliviera d’Auzon<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Zdroj: <\/span>The Diplomat<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zat\u00edmco se Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed na zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch sankc\u00ed v\u016f\u010di \u010c\u00edn\u011b, Peking reaguje diverzifikac\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":69580,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1161,30,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69579"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69579"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69579\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":69581,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69579\/revisions\/69581"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/69580"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69579"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69579"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69579"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}