{"id":69256,"date":"2025-01-01T00:34:45","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T23:34:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=69256"},"modified":"2024-12-31T13:13:38","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T12:13:38","slug":"christina-maasova-velky-bratr-ve-vysilani-trend-ktery-se-siri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/01\/01\/christina-maasova-velky-bratr-ve-vysilani-trend-ktery-se-siri\/","title":{"rendered":"Christina Maasov\u00e1: Velk\u00fd bratr ve vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed, trend, kter\u00fd se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Vyu\u017eit\u00ed dron\u016f v boji proti zlo\u010dinu se celosv\u011btov\u011b st\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1le d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm. Zem\u011b jako Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, N\u011bmecko, Turecko a Nig\u00e9rie vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed technologii dron\u016f v r\u016fzn\u00fdch kontextech, od sledov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bstsk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed a\u017e po boj proti terorismu. M\u011bsta jako New York, Los Angeles a Houston st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed drony pro ve\u0159ejnou bezpe\u010dnost a provozn\u00ed efektivitu, zat\u00edmco N\u011bmecko vyv\u00edj\u00ed inovativn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na obranu proti dron\u016fm. Navzdory \u0161irok\u00e9mu spektru pou\u017eit\u00ed existuj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed obavy z transparentnosti, dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f a ochrany soukrom\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u010dasto zaost\u00e1vaj\u00ed za technologick\u00fdm pokrokem.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Rostouc\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dron\u016f newyorsk\u00fdm policejn\u00edm odd\u011blen\u00edm (NYPD) vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky ohledn\u011b soukrom\u00ed a vl\u00e1dn\u00edho dohledu. Zat\u00edmco mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed dron\u016f se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neomezen\u00e9, hranice soukrom\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016f z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed znepokojiv\u011b nejasn\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud jste si mysleli, \u017ee budoucnost policie bude vypadat jako sci-fi thriller, nem\u00fdlili jste se. Program dron\u016f\u00a0newyorsk\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>policie (NYPD)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, oslavovan\u00fd jako dal\u0161\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti, je pod palbou. Vypad\u00e1 to m\u00e9n\u011b jako transparentn\u00ed str\u00e1\u017ece d\u016fv\u011bry ve\u0159ejnosti a sp\u00ed\u0161e jako sv\u011b\u017e\u00ed z\u00e1hada. Nov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va z\u00a0<\/span>New York City Department of Investigation (DOI)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0vrh\u00e1 sv\u011btlo na nepr\u016fhlednou opera\u010dn\u00ed politiku programu a odhaluje sm\u011bs pokro\u010dil\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed a rizik, kter\u00e1 se zd\u00e1, \u017ee se ministerstvo zdr\u00e1h\u00e1 zve\u0159ejnit.<\/span><\/p>\n

NYPD pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 drony od roku 2018 a propaguje je jako v\u0161estrann\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje od\u00a0<\/span>p\u00e1trac\u00edch a z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch operac\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a\u017e po\u00a0<\/span>dokumentaci dopravn\u00edch nehod<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Jen v lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce byly tyto l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1stroje modern\u00ed policejn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce vypu\u0161t\u011bny v\u00edce ne\u017e\u00a0<\/span>4000kr\u00e1t<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Ale jak se jejich letov\u00e9 trasy roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed, ot\u00e1zky p\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u2013 a odpov\u011bdi z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nejasn\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va DOI zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 ve st\u0159edu nelituje slov, pokud jde o\u00a0kritiku v\u00e1gn\u00ed politiky NYPD v\u00a0<\/span>oblasti bezpilotn\u00edch leteck\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f (UAS)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Podle zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed takzvan\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>Impact and Use Policies (IUP)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0neposkytuj\u00ed \u201e\u00fapln\u00fd a p\u0159esn\u00fd obr\u00e1zek\u201c o skute\u010dn\u00fdch schopnostech a zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9m pou\u017eit\u00ed t\u011bchto dron\u016f. Mezi ve\u0159ejn\u011b nezm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 funkce pat\u0159\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>autonomn\u00ed letov\u00e9 re\u017eimy<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span>pokro\u010dil\u00e9 mapovac\u00ed syst\u00e9my<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span>obousm\u011brn\u00e1 komunikace<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a dokonce i\u00a0<\/span>specializovan\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, jako jsou n\u00e1stavce na rozb\u00edjen\u00ed skla<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kopii zpr\u00e1vy pro v\u00e1s m\u00e1me\u00a0<\/span>zde<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Soukrom\u00ed v New Yorku bylo v\u017edy vtipem \u2013 ironick\u00fdm konceptem ve m\u011bst\u011b, kde soused\u00e9 mohou odposlouch\u00e1vat va\u0161e argumenty p\u0159es pap\u00edrov\u011b tenk\u00e9 st\u011bny a kamery sleduj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00e1\u0161 pohyb od turniketu metra k pultu s lah\u016fdkami. Ale i podle standard\u016f tohoto m\u011bsta p\u0159edstavuje neust\u00e1le se roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed program dron\u016f NYPD nov\u00e9 minimum. D\u00edky usv\u011bd\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed zpr\u00e1v\u011b od DOI je nyn\u00ed jasn\u00e9, \u017ee tito lete\u010dt\u00ed \u0161pi\u00f3ni posouvaj\u00ed hranice soukrom\u00ed d\u00e1le ne\u017e kdy p\u0159edt\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na drony se \u010dasto pohl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed jako na futuristick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 pro ne\u0161kodn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely \u2013 doru\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1silek, po\u0159izov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fsobiv\u00fdch leteck\u00fdch sn\u00edmk\u016f nebo zachra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed uv\u00edzl\u00fdch turist\u016f. Ale v rukou str\u00e1\u017ec\u016f z\u00e1kona nab\u00fdvaj\u00ed mnohem zlov\u011bstn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podoby. NYPD pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 drony nejen p\u0159i katastrof\u00e1ch nebo dopravn\u00edch nehod\u00e1ch, ale tak\u00e9 pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed, pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed davu a takzvan\u00e9 \u201esitua\u010dn\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed\u201c. Toto jsou p\u0159esn\u011b ty nejednozna\u010dn\u00e9 hl\u00e1\u0161ky, kter\u00e9 nut\u00ed ochr\u00e1nce soukrom\u00ed sed\u011bt a br\u00e1t na v\u011bdom\u00ed \u2013 a to z dobr\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va DOI vykresluje znepokojiv\u00fd obr\u00e1zek. NYPD pokra\u010dovala ve zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti na dronech a loni provedla v\u00edce ne\u017e 4 000 let\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b mis\u00ed v reakci na 2 300 prioritn\u00edch hovor\u016f. Zat\u00edmco odd\u011blen\u00ed nad\u0161en\u011b propaguje sv\u016fj nov\u00fd program Drone as First Responder, odm\u00edt\u00e1 poskytnout z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informace o tom, jak tyto l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed kamery funguj\u00ed nebo jak\u00e9 jsou jejich schopnosti. Upozorn\u011bn\u00ed na spoiler: Seznam obsahuje obousm\u011brnou komunikaci, autonomn\u00ed let a dokonce i n\u00e1stroje na rozb\u00edjen\u00ed skla. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, tohle nejsou kvadrokopt\u00e9ry va\u0161eho synovce.<\/span><\/p>\n

Propast soukrom\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Kritici ji\u017e dlouho varovali, \u017ee dronov\u00fd program newyorsk\u00e9 policie dl\u00e1\u017ed\u00ed cestu k plnohodnotn\u00e9mu stavu sledov\u00e1n\u00ed, a zpr\u00e1va\u00a0<\/span>ministerstva vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed (DOI)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0tyto obavy potvrzuje. Z\u00e1sady NYPD podle zpr\u00e1vy nedefinuj\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed ani neodhaluj\u00ed pln\u00e9 schopnosti dron\u016f. Nal\u00e9hav\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nezodpov\u011bzeny:\u00a0<\/span>Kdo sleduje z\u00e1b\u011bry? Jak dlouho se skladuje? Jak\u00e1 ochrann\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed br\u00e1n\u00ed zneu\u017eit\u00ed?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bez t\u011bchto z\u00e1kladn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>je potenci\u00e1l zneu\u017eit\u00ed obrovsk\u00fd<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Jen si p\u0159edstavte, jak lze drony\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edt k\u00a0<\/span>monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed protest\u016f<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed soukrom\u00e9ho majetku<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0nebo\u00a0<\/span>sledov\u00e1n\u00ed lid\u00ed bez pov\u0161imnut\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. To nen\u00ed paranoidn\u00ed spekulace \u2013 je to logick\u00fd d\u016fsledek, kdy\u017e mocn\u00e1 instituce jako NYPD funguje bez \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho dohledu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jeanene L. Barrettov\u00e1, gener\u00e1ln\u00ed inspektorka m\u011bsta, zd\u016fraznila z\u00e1va\u017enost situace: \u201eSv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dron\u016f NYPD v posledn\u00edch letech vyvolalo obavy o soukrom\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm dron\u016f pro policejn\u00ed dohled a kontrolu Jin\u00fdmi slovy,\u00a0<\/span>co se zastav\u00ed .\u201c\u00a0aby se tyto drony nestaly v\u0161evidouc\u00edm okem Velk\u00e9ho bratra?<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0Odpov\u011b\u010f: Moment\u00e1ln\u011b skoro nic.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dohled ve jm\u00e9nu bezpe\u010dnosti<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Zast\u00e1nci programu dron\u016f NYPD spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na zn\u00e1m\u00fd argument:\u00a0<\/span>bezpe\u010dnost<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se, \u017ee drony jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro\u00a0<\/span>reakci na mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span>dokumentov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edsta \u010dinu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>z\u00e1chranu \u017eivot\u016f<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Starosta Eric Adams dokonce nazval iniciativu \u201eskokem do budoucnosti\u201c a prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee je nezbytn\u00e1 pro modern\u00ed vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va. Tato bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed r\u00e9torika v\u0161ak chyt\u0159e ignoruje\u00a0<\/span>v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 rizika pro soukrom\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Historie poskytuje \u010detn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady technologi\u00ed zaveden\u00fdch pod rou\u0161kou bezpe\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9\u00a0byly zneu\u017eity pouze pro\u00a0<\/span>hromadn\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. V New Yorku je d\u016fv\u011bra v policii\u00a0ji\u017e ot\u0159esena vzhledem k jejich kontroverzn\u00edmu pou\u017eit\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed obli\u010deje<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span>prediktivn\u00edch policejn\u00edch algoritm\u016f<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Stingray (pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Drony v\u0161ak posouvaj\u00ed sledovac\u00ed potenci\u00e1l na novou \u00farove\u0148. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 schopnosti\u00a0<\/span>viset<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span>pozorovat<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>nahr\u00e1vat<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ti\u0161e jsou dokonal\u00fdm sledovac\u00edm n\u00e1strojem \u2013 je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 je odhalit a je\u0161t\u011b t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed uniknout. Mohou se snadno zm\u011bnit z bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho n\u00e1stroje na n\u00e1stroj pro\u00a0<\/span>komplexn\u00ed kontrolu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Pohled do minulosti ukazuje, \u017ee nebezpe\u010d\u00ed takov\u00e9ho zpronev\u011bry je re\u00e1ln\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdo to sleduje?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Neochota NYPD poskytovat jasn\u00e9 a komplexn\u00ed z\u00e1sady vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 nep\u0159\u00edjemnou ot\u00e1zku:\u00a0<\/span>Kdo je po\u017eene k odpov\u011bdnosti?<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0Zpr\u00e1va DOI vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 k\u00a0<\/span>okam\u017eit\u00e9 aktualizaci<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0z\u00e1sad ministerstva pro drony a po\u017eaduje\u00a0<\/span>v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed transparentnost<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dohled<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Bez prosazen\u00ed by v\u0161ak tato doporu\u010den\u00ed mohla snadno skon\u010dit jako\u00a0<\/span>byrokratick\u00e1 \u00faprava v\u00fdklad\u016f<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kon\u00a0<\/span>POST<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, z\u00e1kon z roku 2020, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem je podpo\u0159it transparentnost v technologii policejn\u00edho dohledu, m\u011bl tento probl\u00e9m vy\u0159e\u0161it. Ale nyn\u00ed, o t\u0159i roky pozd\u011bji, se dozv\u00edd\u00e1me, \u017ee NYPD jednodu\u0161e\u00a0<\/span>vynechala<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 detaily o schopnostech sv\u00fdch dron\u016f .\u00a0<\/span>Pokud je z\u00e1kon POST ignorov\u00e1n nebo podkop\u00e1v\u00e1n, jakou m\u00e1me nad\u011bji na udr\u017een\u00ed t\u011bchto technologi\u00ed pod kontrolou?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Na rozd\u00edl od vrtuln\u00edk\u016f nebo pozemn\u00edch jednotek jsou drony\u00a0<\/span>mal\u00e9, tich\u00e9 a obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bji zjistiteln\u00e9<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Jejich schopnost nen\u00e1padn\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed je \u010din\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b vhodn\u00fdmi pro\u00a0<\/span>tajn\u00e9 operace<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed hrozbu pro soukrom\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159edstavte si n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00da\u010dastn\u00edte se pokojn\u00e9 demonstrace. Uplat\u0148ujete sv\u00e1 pr\u00e1va prvn\u00edho dodatku, ale nad davem se vzn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed dron, kter\u00fd zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00e1\u0161 pohyb.\u00a0<\/span>Kdo je ovl\u00e1d\u00e1? Co se zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1? Kde je materi\u00e1l ulo\u017een? A jak dlouho se to skladuje?<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0Toto nejsou teoretick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky \u2013 jsou skute\u010dn\u00e9 a podle sou\u010dasn\u00e9 politiky NYPD existuje jen m\u00e1lo jasn\u00fdch odpov\u011bd\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v normalizaci.<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0To, co za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 jako v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed pro\u00a0<\/span>\u201eincidenty s vysokou prioritou\u201c,<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0se pomalu vyv\u00edj\u00ed v\u00a0<\/span>rutinn\u00ed monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Dnes slou\u017e\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>civiln\u00ed ochran\u011b<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, z\u00edtra by mohl slou\u017eit\u00a0pro ka\u017edodenn\u00ed policejn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci, sledov\u00e1n\u00ed osob nebo shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed dat\u00a0<\/span>bez soudn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edkazu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Technologie se m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t modern\u00ed, ale hrozba je rozhodn\u011b starom\u00f3dn\u00ed:\u00a0<\/span>nekontrolovan\u00e1 moc org\u00e1n\u016f \u010dinn\u00fdch v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0sledovat a kontrolovat.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u016fsledky rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho sledov\u00e1n\u00ed dron\u016f sahaj\u00ed daleko za hranice bezprost\u0159edn\u00edch obav na protestech nebo ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00edch. V hust\u011b obydlen\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b, jako je New York, kde se hranice mezi ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm a soukrom\u00fdm prostorem \u010dasto st\u00edr\u00e1, se probl\u00e9m je\u0161t\u011b vyost\u0159uje. Dronu je jedno, zda nat\u00e1\u010d\u00ed ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m parku nebo oknem va\u0161eho bytu \u2013 st\u0159\u00edl\u00ed bez rozd\u00edlu, co\u017e vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 kritick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky, kde by m\u011bly b\u00fdt vymezeny hranice sledov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejde ale jen o to,\u00a0<\/span>co<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0se zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, ale tak\u00e9 o\u00a0<\/span>to, jak<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0jsou tyto informace pou\u017eity. Pokroky v oblasti um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence, technologie rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed obli\u010deje a prediktivn\u00ed anal\u00fdzy by mohly prom\u011bnit z\u00e1b\u011bry z dronu na v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro profilov\u00e1n\u00ed a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco NYPD m\u016f\u017ee tvrdit, \u017ee takov\u00e9 technologie nejsou v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b integrov\u00e1ny do jej\u00edch dron\u016f, historie ukazuje, \u017ee sledovac\u00ed programy jsou \u010dasto roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1ny potichu a bez ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 debaty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je zde tak\u00e9 ot\u00e1zka\u00a0<\/span>ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dat<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed nekon\u010d\u00ed, kdy\u017e dron p\u0159istane, ale teprve za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1. Kdo k n\u011bmu m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edstup? A jak dlouho se skladuj\u00ed? Tyto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 politice NYPD nezodpov\u011bzeny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rizika jsou z\u0159ejm\u00e1. Bez p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdch pokyn\u016f by mohla b\u00fdt data uchov\u00e1v\u00e1na na dobu neur\u010ditou, analyzov\u00e1na pro jin\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely nebo dokonce sd\u00edlena. V nespr\u00e1vn\u00fdch rukou by se takov\u00e9 informace mohly st\u00e1t n\u00e1strojem pro\u00a0<\/span>obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, vyd\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed nebo neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 profilov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vzpome\u0148te si nap\u0159\u00edklad na z\u00e1b\u011bry z demonstrace. I kdy\u017e je akce legitimn\u00ed, \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci se mohou ocitnout v datab\u00e1zi zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bn\u00e9 jin\u00fdm \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm nebo dokonce soukrom\u00fdm spole\u010dnostem pov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdm anal\u00fdzou dat. V dob\u011b, kdy jsou digit\u00e1ln\u00ed stopy ji\u017e vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny, se dodate\u010dn\u00e9 leteck\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed nejev\u00ed jako bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e jako dal\u0161\u00ed krok v podvodu \u010dekaj\u00edc\u00ed na to, aby se stal realitou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pl\u00e1n pro nekontrolovan\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

To, co se d\u011bje v New Yorku, by se mohlo rychle st\u00e1t vzorem \u2013 nebo mraziv\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem \u2013 jak jsou drony integrov\u00e1ny do vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va v cel\u00e9 zemi. Policejn\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed ve m\u011bstech jako Los Angeles, Chicago a Houston roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila sv\u00e9 programy dron\u016f, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e\u00a0jako kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 c\u00edle uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>ve\u0159ejnou bezpe\u010dnost<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>provozn\u00ed efektivitu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Ale stejn\u011b jako v New Yorku, transparentnost a odpov\u011bdnost \u010dasto jdou stranou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>feder\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edpisy<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0upravuj\u00edc\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dron\u016f org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00fdmi v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, je ka\u017ed\u00e9 m\u011bsto a st\u00e1t ponech\u00e1no na sv\u00e9m. Tento\u00a0<\/span>rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0vede k nejednotn\u00fdm z\u00e1sad\u00e1m a postup\u016fm a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u201edivok\u00fd z\u00e1pad\u201c sledov\u00e1n\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m se\u00a0<\/span>ochrana soukrom\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0m\u016f\u017ee zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161it podle PS\u010c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zva\u017ete:\u00a0<\/span>Co br\u00e1n\u00ed jurisdikci<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edvat drony ke\u00a0<\/span>sledov\u00e1n\u00ed lid\u00ed za \u00fa\u010delem politick\u00e9 \u010dinnosti<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0nebo\u00a0sledov\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>bez povolen\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0? Bez jednotn\u00e9ho r\u00e1mce z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed tyto ot\u00e1zky nezodpov\u011bzeny \u2013 a\u00a0<\/span>ob\u010dansk\u00e9 svobody<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0jsou ohro\u017eeny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vyu\u017eit\u00ed dron\u016f newyorskou polici\u00ed jasn\u011b ukazuje, \u017ee org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00e9 v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v cel\u00e9 zemi funguj\u00ed na tenk\u00e9m led\u011b. Kdy\u017e prominentn\u00ed agentura, jako je NYPD, ignoruje po\u017eadavky na transparentnost nebo skr\u00fdv\u00e1 kritick\u00e9 schopnosti, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>precedens<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, kter\u00fd by ostatn\u00ed mohli n\u00e1sledovat. Men\u0161\u00ed agentury, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed \u010dasto m\u00e9n\u011b zdroj\u016f na ve\u0159ejnou kontrolu, mohou chov\u00e1n\u00ed NYPD vn\u00edmat jako zelenou pro\u00a0<\/span>roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edch program\u016f<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0bez \u00fa\u010dasti ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento trend je ji\u017e patrn\u00fd. M\u011bsta po cel\u00e9 zemi za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat drony pro \u00fakoly, kter\u00e9 daleko p\u0159esahuj\u00ed jejich p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u00fa\u010del \u2013 od monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a\u017e po\u00a0<\/span>rutinn\u00ed hl\u00eddky v oblastech s vysokou kriminalitou<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. S ka\u017edou novou operac\u00ed je st\u00e1le obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u00a0stanovit hranici mezi\u00a0<\/span>legitimn\u00edmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>ru\u0161iv\u00fdm dohledem .<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Technologie dron\u016f neexistuje ve vakuu. Je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed rostouc\u00edho arzen\u00e1lu sledovac\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00fdmi v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b softwaru pro rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed obli\u010deje, prediktivn\u00edch algoritm\u016f pro policejn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci a anal\u00fdzy dat v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase. Spole\u010dn\u011b tyto technologie tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdkonnou s\u00ed\u0165 schopnou sledovat, identifikovat a p\u0159edv\u00eddat lidsk\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed v bezprecedentn\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku.<\/span><\/p>\n

V kombinaci s drony raketov\u011b stoup\u00e1 potenci\u00e1l zneu\u017eit\u00ed. Dron vybaven\u00fd rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm obli\u010deje by mohl identifikovat lidi v davu, zat\u00edmco algoritmy strojov\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed analyzuj\u00ed jejich pohyby v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase, aby vyhodnotily \u201e\u00farove\u0148 ohro\u017een\u00ed\u201c. Tyto schopnosti nejsou pouze teoretick\u00e9, ale ji\u017e se testuj\u00ed v pilotn\u00edch programech po cel\u00e9 zemi.<\/span><\/p>\n

To, co za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 jako experiment v New Yorku nebo Los Angeles, by se mohlo rychle st\u00e1t standardn\u00ed prax\u00ed v cel\u00e9 zemi, ani\u017e by si toho ve\u0159ejnost v\u0161imla nebo o tom diskutovala.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vyu\u017eit\u00ed dron\u016f v boji proti zlo\u010dinu se celosv\u011btov\u011b st\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1le d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm. Zem\u011b jako Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":69257,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[2856,1430,3161],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69256"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69256"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69256\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/69257"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69256"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69256"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69256"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}