{"id":69166,"date":"2024-12-30T06:18:46","date_gmt":"2024-12-30T05:18:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=69166"},"modified":"2024-12-30T06:18:46","modified_gmt":"2024-12-30T05:18:46","slug":"ve-veku-100-let-zemrel-byvaly-americky-prezident-jimmy-carter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/12\/30\/ve-veku-100-let-zemrel-byvaly-americky-prezident-jimmy-carter\/","title":{"rendered":"Ve v\u011bku 100 let zem\u0159el b\u00fdval\u00fd americk\u00fd prezident Jimmy Carter"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>39. americk\u00fd prezident zem\u0159el v ned\u011bli ve sv\u00e9m dom\u011b v Georgii\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ve v\u011bku 100 let zem\u0159el v ned\u011bli ve sv\u00e9m dom\u011b v Plains ve st\u00e1t\u011b Georgia b\u00fdval\u00fd americk\u00fd prezident a nositel Nobelovy ceny Jimmy Carter.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>V roce 2023 Carterovo centrum odhalilo, \u017ee 39. americk\u00fd prezident bojoval s agresivn\u00ed formou melanomov\u00e9 rakoviny k\u016f\u017ee. Posledn\u00ed l\u00e9ta str\u00e1vil doma v hospicov\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010di. Byl to nejd\u00e9le \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed prezident v americk\u00e9 historii.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span>&#8222;M\u016fj otec byl hrdinou nejen pro m\u011b, ale pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kdo v\u011b\u0159\u00ed v m\u00edr, lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a nesobeck\u00e9 l\u00e1sky,&#8220;<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0uvedl v prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed jeho syn James E. Carter III.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span>\u201eMoji brat\u0159i, sestra a j\u00e1 jsme ho sd\u00edleli se zbytkem sv\u011bta prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u011bchto spole\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed. Sv\u011bt je na\u0161\u00ed rodinou d\u00edky zp\u016fsobu, jak\u00fdm svedl lidi dohromady, a my v\u00e1m d\u011bkujeme, \u017ee jste uctili jeho pam\u00e1tku t\u00edm, \u017ee budete nad\u00e1le \u017e\u00edt podle tohoto sd\u00edlen\u00e9ho p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>Carter se narodil 1. \u0159\u00edjna 1924 v Plains, vystudoval n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed akademii a slou\u017eil jako in\u017een\u00fdr na ponorce. V roce 1971 byl zvolen guvern\u00e9rem Gruzie a nakonec slou\u017eil jako prezident v letech 1977 a\u017e 1981.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>B\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho funk\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed se Carter zpo\u010d\u00e1tku sna\u017eil pokra\u010dovat v politice uvoln\u011bn\u00ed se Sov\u011btsk\u00fdm svazem s c\u00edlem zm\u00edrnit geopolitick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. V \u010dervnu 1979 podepsal se sov\u011btsk\u00fdm v\u016fdcem Leonidem Bre\u017en\u011bvem dohodu Strategic Arms Limitation Talks II (SALT II), kter\u00e1 se sna\u017eila omezit z\u00e1vody ve zbrojen\u00ed mezi ob\u011bma supervelmocemi. Smlouva v\u0161ak \u010delila p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m v americk\u00e9m Sen\u00e1tu a nebyla nikdy ratifikov\u00e1na, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kv\u016fli eskalaci nap\u011bt\u00ed po sov\u011btsk\u00e9 invazi do Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu na konci roku 1979.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Carter vid\u011bl sov\u011btskou v\u00e1lku v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu jako hrozbu pro americk\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy v regionu a provedl n\u011bkolik opat\u0159en\u00ed proti SSSR, v\u010detn\u011b ekonomick\u00fdch sankc\u00ed a bojkotu letn\u00edch olympijsk\u00fdch her v roce 1980 v Moskv\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pov\u011b\u0159il CIA, aby tajn\u011b pom\u00e1hala cvi\u010dit a vyzbrojovat protisov\u011btsk\u00e9 islamistick\u00e9 bojovn\u00edky mud\u017eahed\u00edn\u016f. Skryt\u00e1 pomoc islamist\u016fm p\u0159isp\u011bla k p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9mu sta\u017een\u00ed sov\u011btsk\u00fdch vojsk a vzestupu Talibanu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Carter zprost\u0159edkoval v roce 1978 Camp Davidovy dohody mezi Izraelem a Egyptem, kter\u00e9 se staly prvn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadem, kdy arabsk\u00fd st\u00e1t ofici\u00e1ln\u011b uznal \u017eidovsk\u00fd st\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Vydl\u00e1\u017edil tak\u00e9 cestu k p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed Panamsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fplavu panamsk\u00fdm \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm v roce 1999. Nov\u011b zvolen\u00fd americk\u00fd prezident Donald Trump ned\u00e1vno pohrozil, \u017ee toto rozhodnut\u00ed zru\u0161\u00ed a obnov\u00ed americkou kontrolu nad d\u016fle\u017eitou vodn\u00ed cestou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Doma se Carter soust\u0159edil na sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed inflace a prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed ekologick\u00fdch politik. V r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9 vl\u00e1dn\u00ed reorganizace vytvo\u0159il ministerstvo energetiky a ministerstvo \u0161kolstv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Jeho posledn\u00ed rok v \u00fa\u0159adu byl poznamen\u00e1n kriz\u00ed rukojm\u00edch v \u00cdr\u00e1nu, kde p\u0159\u00edznivci isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 revoluce dr\u017eeli v zajet\u00ed americk\u00e9 diplomaty po dobu 444 dn\u00ed. Rukojm\u00ed byli propu\u0161t\u011bni v lednu 1981, jen p\u00e1r minut pot\u00e9, co Ronald Reagan slo\u017eil p\u0159\u00edsahu jako p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed americk\u00fd prezident.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Po odchodu z prezidentsk\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu se Carter v\u011bnoval humanit\u00e1rn\u00edmu \u00fasil\u00ed a v roce 1982 zalo\u017eil Carterovo centrum, kter\u00e9 se zam\u011b\u0159ovalo na prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed demokracie a lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. V roce 2002 mu byla za humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed \u010dinnost ud\u011blena Nobelova cena m\u00edru.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>39. americk\u00fd prezident zem\u0159el v ned\u011bli ve sv\u00e9m dom\u011b v Georgii\u00a0 Ve v\u011bku 100 let&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":69167,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[8386,165,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69166"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69166"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69166\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/69167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69166"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69166"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69166"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}