{"id":68332,"date":"2024-12-17T05:34:12","date_gmt":"2024-12-17T04:34:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=68332"},"modified":"2024-12-17T05:34:12","modified_gmt":"2024-12-17T04:34:12","slug":"patrick-lawrence-centriste-se-nemohou-udrzet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/12\/17\/patrick-lawrence-centriste-se-nemohou-udrzet\/","title":{"rendered":"Patrick Lawrence: Centrist\u00e9 se nemohou udr\u017eet"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong>\u201e<i>Ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed a ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed v roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edm se v\u00edru<br \/>\nSokol nesly\u0161\u00ed sokoln\u00edka;<br \/>\nV\u011bci se rozpadaj\u00ed, st\u0159ed se neudr\u017e\u00ed;<br \/>\nNa sv\u011bt\u011b se rozpoutala pouh\u00e1 anarchie&#8230;<\/i>\u201c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tyto ver\u0161e z Yeatsova d\u016fkladn\u011b antologizovan\u00e9ho a \u010dasto citovan\u00e9ho\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.poetryfoundation.org\/poems\/43290\/the-second-coming\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener\">Druh\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edchodu<\/a>\u00a0zn\u00e1 mnoho z n\u00e1s. Jak je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee se n\u00e1m nevybav\u00ed, kdy\u017e francouzsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da Emmanuela Macrona, centristy par excellence, pad\u00e1 do hromady velebn\u00e9 p\u00fdchy?<\/p>\n<p>V Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei v\u0161ichni obvi\u0148uj\u00ed v\u0161echny od chv\u00edle, kdy energick\u00e1 opozice Macronovy vl\u00e1dy v N\u00e1rodn\u00edm shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed minul\u00fd t\u00fdden hlasov\u00e1n\u00edm o ned\u016fv\u011b\u0159e donutila premi\u00e9ra Michela Barniera opustit sv\u016fj \u00fa\u0159ad. Pravdou je, \u017ee Barnier je ob\u011bt\u00ed sv\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edho politick\u00e9ho t\u00e1bora \u2013 arogantn\u00edho \u201est\u0159edu\u201c, kter\u00fd ve skute\u010dnosti nen\u00ed st\u0159edem ni\u010deho. Tvo\u0159\u00ed ho neoliber\u00e1ln\u00ed ideologov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se dr\u017e\u00ed vysoko jako sokoli nad voli\u010di, odm\u00edtaj\u00ed je vysly\u0161et a vedou v\u00e1lku, aby z\u016fstali u moci, i kdy\u017e jsou z n\u00ed vylou\u010deni.<\/p>\n<p>To, co se nyn\u00ed odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 ve Francii, se tak \u010di onak odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d t\u011bmito z\u00e1padn\u00edmi mocnostmi, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed hradby neoliber\u00e1ln\u00ed pevnosti. Varianty vid\u00edte v N\u011bmecku, Brit\u00e1nii a, spr\u00e1vn\u011b pochopeno, ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. Centrum se nedr\u017e\u00ed, ale centrum trv\u00e1 na tom, \u017ee se dr\u017e\u00ed. Neoliberalismus je po desetilet\u00edch, b\u011bhem nich\u017e p\u0159evl\u00e1dal bez \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho zpochybn\u011bn\u00ed, nyn\u00ed kriticky ohro\u017een ze v\u0161ech stran. A jeho obh\u00e1jci sv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed zu\u0159iv\u00fd boj o zachov\u00e1n\u00ed jeho ideologick\u00e9ho prvenstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Emmanuel Macron a Michel Barniers atlantick\u00e9ho sv\u011bta ve jm\u00e9nu obrany demokracie v podstat\u011b ni\u010d\u00ed jej\u00ed zbytky. Vzhledem k tomu, co je v s\u00e1zce, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 to pochopit co nejjasn\u011bji. Nem\u016f\u017ee to v\u00e9st nikam jinam ne\u017e k n\u011bjak\u00e9 form\u011b autorit\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, pokud Macronov\u00e9, Barnierov\u00e9 a jim podobn\u00ed nebudou odvr\u00e1ceni nebo jinak potla\u010deni. Nen\u00ed to snad ji\u017e nyn\u00ed z\u0159ejm\u00e9? M\u016f\u017ee to v\u00e9st, pod\u00edv\u00e1me-li se na ot\u00e1zku z jin\u00e9ho \u00fahlu, k n\u011b\u010demu, co se m\u016f\u017ee snadno zm\u011bnit v politickou anarchii, a to nebude tak \u201epouh\u00e9\u201c, jak si to p\u0159ed sto lety a n\u011bkolika lety p\u0159edstavoval Yeats.<\/p>\n<p>Macron, b\u00fdval\u00fd obchodn\u00ed bank\u00e9\u0159, \u201eprezident bohat\u00fdch\u201c, jak mu \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed Francouzi, je laboratorn\u00edm vzorkem pro sv\u00e9 ne\u00fastupn\u00e9 trv\u00e1n\u00ed na neoliber\u00e1ln\u00edch ortodoxi\u00edch. Loni v l\u00e9t\u011b se rozhodl riskovat p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 volby pot\u00e9, co jeho strana Renesance propadla v pr\u016fzkumech v Evropsk\u00e9m parlamentu. N\u00e1rodn\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed Marine Le Penov\u00e9 z\u00edskalo 30 k\u0159esel a 31 % hlas\u016f. La France Insoumise, Nepoddajn\u00e1 Francie, Macron\u016fv levicov\u00fd vyzyvatel, z\u00edskal dal\u0161\u00edch dev\u011bt k\u0159esel. Renesance ode\u0161la dom\u016f s 13 k\u0159esly, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje 14,6 % hlas\u016f. Macron, v\u011b\u010dn\u011b nedotknuteln\u00fd, si spo\u010d\u00edtal, \u017ee\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/en\/france\/article\/2024\/06\/10\/why-macron-decided-to-call-snap-elections_6674373_7.html?random=1637084790\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener\">p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 parlamentn\u00ed volby<\/a>\u00a0obnov\u00ed pom\u011br sil v jeho prosp\u011bch.<\/p>\n<p>Ve volb\u00e1ch do N\u00e1rodn\u00edho shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed loni v \u010dervnu a \u010dervenci byl Macron op\u011bt p\u0159ekon\u00e1n. Levicov\u00e1 aliance Nouveau Fronte Populaire, kter\u00e1 vznikla jen n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f p\u0159ed volbami, z\u00edskala 188 k\u0159esel, Le Penovo N\u00e1rodn\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed 142 a Macronova centristick\u00e1 aliance 161 k\u0159esel. Celkov\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 strana nem\u011bla 289 k\u0159esel pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch k dosa\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161iny v 577\u010dlenn\u00e9m shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed. P\u0159ekvapiv\u00fdm v\u00edt\u011bzem se stala Levicov\u00e1 fronta a N\u00e1rodn\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed z\u00edskalo nejv\u00edce hlas\u016f ze v\u0161ech stran. Ob\u011b pak zcela opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b po\u017eadovaly, aby prezident jmenoval nov\u00e9ho premi\u00e9ra z jejich \u0159ad.<\/p>\n<p>Tak za\u010dala Macronova protidemokratick\u00e1 obrana francouzsk\u00e9 demokracie \u2013 nebo l\u00e9pe \u0159e\u010deno pokra\u010dovala. Dva m\u011bs\u00edce odm\u00edtal kohokoli jmenovat do Matignonu, s\u00eddla a \u00fa\u0159adu premi\u00e9ra. A jeho kone\u010dn\u00e1 volba Barniera, konzervativce oddan\u00e9ho neoliber\u00e1ln\u00edm \u00faspor\u00e1m a technokracii Evropsk\u00e9 unie, byla nepokryt\u00fdm odm\u00edtnut\u00edm v\u00fdsledk\u016f lo\u0148sk\u00fdch letn\u00edch voleb.<\/p>\n<p>Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 se zamyslet nad t\u00edm, co Macron Barnierovi ulo\u017eil. Ve Shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed \u010delil nep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed v\u016f\u010di Macronovu centristick\u00e9mu re\u017eimu p\u0159es ob\u011b ramena \u2013 bu\u010f zleva (Nouveau Fronte Populaire), nebo z populistick\u00e9 pravice (Le Penovo Rassemblement). Barnierov\u00fdm \u00fakolem bylo pohybovat se po tomto kamenit\u00e9m politick\u00e9m ter\u00e9nu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 udr\u017eet Macronovu neoliber\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomiku. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee oba opozi\u010dn\u00ed bloky m\u011bly mezi sebou 330 k\u0159esel, ozna\u010dil bych to za nemo\u017enou misi, za bl\u00e1zniv\u00fd \u00fakol. Je v\u0161ak t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 p\u0159ece\u0148ovat aroganci prezidenta, kter\u00fd operuje s tak hlubokou lhostejnost\u00ed ke sv\u00fdm voli\u010d\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>Nevyhnuteln\u00fd okam\u017eik pravdy nastal, kdy\u017e m\u011bl Barnier p\u0159edlo\u017eit rozpo\u010det. U\u010dinil tak 10. \u0159\u00edjna. Po mnoha performativn\u00edch vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edch se sv\u00fdmi protivn\u00edky z lev\u00e9 a prav\u00e9 strany, b\u011bhem nich\u017e on, Barnier, u\u010dinil n\u011bkolik drobn\u00fdch kompromis\u016f, kter\u00e9 ponechaly nedot\u010den\u00fd rozpo\u010det zjevn\u011b nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fd v\u016f\u010di sn\u011bmovn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b. Ten po\u017eadoval \u2013 zde v minul\u00e9m \u010dase, nebo\u0165 n\u00e1vrh je nyn\u00ed mrtv\u00fd \u2013 60 miliard eur ve form\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed dan\u00ed (70 % z celkov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky) a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u00fddaj\u016f (30 %), z nich\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina by dopadla na pracuj\u00edc\u00ed a francouzskou st\u0159edn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddu.<\/p>\n<p>Barnierova snaha p\u0159ikr\u00e1\u0161lit tato agresivn\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku, u\u017e jen jako p\u0159\u00edpadov\u00e1 studie politick\u00e9ho \u0161ikanov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ichni dob\u0159e zn\u00e1me. P\u0159ed p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00edm rozpo\u010dtu vykreslil nejhor\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fd obr\u00e1zek francouzsk\u00fdch financ\u00ed \u2013 \u00fanavn\u011b se uch\u00fdlil ke slov\u016fm \u201eneexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 alternativa\u201c, co\u017e je trik, kter\u00fd proslavila Margaret Thatcherov\u00e1. A \u010d\u00edsla zkr\u00e1\u0161lil t\u00edm, \u017ee do nich zahrnul 12 miliard eur na dan\u00edch pro korporace a bohat\u00e9 jednotlivce \u2013 ov\u0161em s v\u00fdhradou, \u017ee tyto na prvn\u00ed pohled spravedliv\u00e9 odvody jsou do\u010dasn\u00e9 a budou sn\u00ed\u017eeny v pr\u016fb\u011bhu fisk\u00e1ln\u00edho roku 2026-27, kdy, bingo, oby\u010dejn\u00ed Francouzi a Francouzky ponesou ve\u0161ker\u00e9 b\u0159emeno da\u0148ov\u00fdch \u00faprav ve prosp\u011bch zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch korporac\u00ed a bohat\u00fdch.<\/p>\n<p>Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 na Macronov\u011b a Barnierov\u011b patov\u00e9 situaci s &#8230; s v\u011bt\u0161inou francouzsk\u00fdch voli\u010d\u016f je to, \u017ee v\u0161ichni p\u0159edem dob\u0159e v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee jejich rozpo\u010det neprojde. A v\u0161ichni p\u0159edem v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee Barnier ho pak protla\u010d\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00edm bez hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e je pr\u00e1vn\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost francouzsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00e1 v\u0161ak obvykle vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 pobou\u0159en\u00ed, kdy\u017e se na ni odvol\u00e1v\u00e1. A v\u0161ichni v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee Barnier pak bude \u010delit hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed o ned\u016fv\u011b\u0159e, prohraje ho a bude nucen odstoupit.<\/p>\n<p>A nyn\u00ed v\u0161echny strany odsuzuj\u00ed tu druhou za tento n\u00e1rodn\u00ed debakl. Le Penov\u00e1 ozna\u010dila Barnier\u016fv rozpo\u010det za \u201en\u00e1siln\u00fd, nespravedliv\u00fd a neefektivn\u00ed\u201c, co\u017e p\u0159i kontrole dob\u0159e obstoj\u00ed. Macron minul\u00fd t\u00fdden ve sv\u00e9m \u0161iroce odm\u00edtan\u00e9m projevu obvinil sv\u00e9 oponenty, \u017ee si \u201ezvolili nepo\u0159\u00e1dek\u201c, co\u017e dob\u0159e obstoj\u00ed jen v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee jste ortodoxn\u00ed centrista, kter\u00fd si rovn\u00e1 po\u0159\u00e1dek s neoliber\u00e1ln\u00edm prim\u00e1tem. \u201eNikdy nebudu br\u00e1t na sv\u00e1 bedra nezodpov\u011bdnost druh\u00fdch,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 hrub\u011b nezodpov\u011bdn\u00fd Macron.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>* * *<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Francouzsk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad je snadno \u010diteln\u00fd pro otev\u0159en\u011b bojovn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed jeho protagonist\u016f. Macron je odta\u017eit\u00e1 postava, kter\u00e1 d\u016fstojn\u011b promlouv\u00e1 k francouzsk\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti, ale jej\u00ed\u017e pohrd\u00e1n\u00ed lidmi, k nim\u017e promlouv\u00e1, se jen z\u0159\u00eddkakdy neprom\u00edtne do r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u201ereforem\u201c, kter\u00e9 zav\u00e1d\u00ed nebo se je pokou\u0161\u00ed zav\u00e9st. M\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt o zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u011bku odchodu do d\u016fchodu, \u0161krty v syst\u00e9mu zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed poplatk\u016f za pohonn\u00e9 hmoty nebo vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed dan\u011b: V\u017edy je to tot\u00e9\u017e. Francouzsk\u00e1 fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed situace je slab\u00e1, ale b\u0159emeno n\u00e1pravy mus\u00ed padnout na voli\u010de, nikoli na r\u016fzn\u00e9 elity nad nimi. Jinak \u0159e\u010deno, centrista Macron je v j\u00e1dru mu\u017eem \u201etrickle-down\u201c, Reaganov\u00fdm stoupencem nab\u00eddky.<\/p>\n<p>A to, co se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 ve Francii v dob\u011b, kdy spolu hovo\u0159\u00edme \u2013 Macron \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee brzy jmenuje nov\u00e9ho premi\u00e9ra -, je variantou toho, \u010deho jsme sv\u011bdky v cel\u00e9m neoliber\u00e1ln\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b, pokud mohu navrhnout tento term\u00edn. Demokratick\u00fd proces m\u00e1 b\u00fdt ob\u011btov\u00e1n na olt\u00e1\u0159 moci.<\/p>\n<p>V N\u011bmecku dostala centristick\u00e1 koalice Olafa Scholze loni v l\u00e9t\u011b v zemsk\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch na frak a jeho vl\u00e1da se nyn\u00ed pomalu hrout\u00ed. Dv\u011b povstaleck\u00e9 strany v zemi jsou p\u0159ibli\u017enou paralelou francouzsk\u00e9: Na pravici stoj\u00ed AfD, Alternativ f\u00fcr Deutschland, a na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b BSW, B\u00fcndnis Sahra Wagenknecht, strana, kterou Wagenknechtov\u00e1, dynamick\u00e1 levice z b\u00fdval\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodn\u00edho N\u011bmecka, ned\u00e1vno zalo\u017eila a pojmenovala po sob\u011b. Mezi centristy je politick\u00fdm sportem pasovat tyto dva na neonacisty na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b a komunisty na stran\u011b druh\u00e9 \u2013 a oba na nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 sympatizanty Kremlu. To nen\u00ed demokratick\u00e1 politika: Je to sebemrska\u010dstv\u00ed nejist\u00fdch ideolog\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed v kontextu demokratick\u00e9 politiky nemohou p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n<p>V anglosf\u00e9\u0159e vid\u00edte n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho, ale stejn\u00e9ho. Brit\u0161t\u00ed centrist\u00e9 fakticky kolonizovali Labouristickou stranu, kdy\u017e se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee Jeremy Corbyn, jej\u00ed l\u00eddr v letech 2015 a\u017e 2020, ji obnov\u00ed jako instituci hodnou sv\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na. Corbyn byl vytla\u010den prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm hrub\u00fdch, z ni\u010deho vykouzlen\u00fdch obvin\u011bn\u00ed z antisemitismu. Kier Starmer, Corbyn\u016fv n\u00e1stupce, je neoliber\u00e1l v rou\u0161e ber\u00e1n\u010d\u00edm. Kdy\u017e to britsk\u00fdm voli\u010d\u016fm do\u0161lo, co\u017e netrvalo dlouho,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/uk-keir-starmer-labour-suffers-historic-drop-in-approval-ratings\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener\">jeho rating<\/a>\u00a0pot\u00e9, co se loni v \u010dervenci stal premi\u00e9rem, klesl o 49 procentn\u00edch bod\u016f, co\u017e je rekord v britsk\u00fdch politick\u00fdch d\u011bjin\u00e1ch, a nyn\u00ed \u010din\u00ed -38 bod\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Aby byl po\u0159\u00e1dek v \u00fa\u010detnictv\u00ed,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.euronews.com\/my-europe\/2024\/09\/17\/not-so-well-liked-who-are-europes-most-unpopular-leaders\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener\">Scholz\u016fv rating je 18 %<\/a>\u00a0a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/en\/opinion\/article\/2024\/11\/05\/more-unpopular-than-ever-macron-is-preparing-for-a-long-and-painful-end-to-his-reign_6731644_23.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener\">Macron\u016fv \u2013 to je je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed Barnierov\u00fdm pr\u016f\u0161vihem \u2013 17 %<\/a>. Oba l\u00edd\u0159i si vytvo\u0159ili vlastn\u00ed rekordy, ale ani jeden z nich se nikam nechyst\u00e1. Scholz se hodl\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok na ja\u0159e uch\u00e1zet o znovuzvolen\u00ed a Macron trv\u00e1 na tom, \u017ee si odslou\u017e\u00ed zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed dva roky sv\u00e9ho funk\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed navzdory s\u00edl\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdzv\u00e1m k rezignaci.<\/p>\n<p>V t\u00e9to souvislosti bychom se m\u011bli zamyslet nad Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty. Byli to centrist\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed korumpovali jednu st\u00e1tn\u00ed instituci za druhou v z\u00e1jmu rozvr\u00e1cen\u00ed prvn\u00edho prezidentsk\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed Donalda Trumpa, a centrist\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed po l\u00e9ta udr\u017eovali ve funkci seniln\u00edho Joea Bidena jako nejjist\u011bj\u0161\u00ed strategii pro udr\u017een\u00ed moci. Byli to samoz\u0159ejm\u011b centrist\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017eili prodat Ameri\u010dan\u016fm Kamalu Harrisovou, kdy\u017e Bidenova strategie selhala. Nyn\u00ed mus\u00edme bedliv\u011b sledovat, proto\u017ee u\u017e se objevuj\u00ed \u010detn\u00e9 n\u00e1znaky, \u017ee centristick\u00e9 elity ve Washingtonu hodlaj\u00ed s Trumpov\u00fdm druh\u00fdm funk\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00edm prov\u00e9st to, co tak hanebn\u011b provedly s jeho prvn\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>* * *<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e jsme sv\u011bdky korup\u010dn\u00edch machinac\u00ed kolektivn\u00edch a pevn\u011b semknut\u00fdch centrist\u016f atlantick\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, je t\u0159eba si uv\u011bdomit n\u011bco d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9ho. Vlastn\u011b dv\u011b v\u011bci.<\/p>\n<p>V roce 1937 Mao, kdy\u017e \u017eil v jeskyn\u00edch Yan&#8217;an na konci Dlouh\u00e9ho pochodu, napsal esej, v n\u00ed\u017e rozli\u0161oval prim\u00e1rn\u00ed a sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed rozpory. Ty prvn\u00ed jsou nejpal\u010div\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi antagonismy a vy\u017eaduj\u00ed, aby se ti, kte\u0159\u00ed se mohou rozch\u00e1zet, sjednotili. Rozd\u00edly, sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed rozpory, lze \u0159e\u0161it a\u017e po vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed prim\u00e1rn\u00edho rozporu. Nen\u00ed na tom nic p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 slo\u017eit\u00e9ho. Roosevelt a Churchill se spojili se Stalinem, aby porazili \u0158\u00ed\u0161i. \u010celit Stalinovi p\u0159i\u0161lo pozd\u011bji.<\/p>\n<p>Tato my\u0161lenka je na m\u00edst\u011b, kdy\u017e se zam\u00fd\u0161l\u00edme nad po\u010d\u00edn\u00e1n\u00edm zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00fdch centristick\u00fdch elit na cel\u00e9m Z\u00e1pad\u011b. M\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1m b\u00fdt AfD nebo Le Penovo N\u00e1rodn\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed ukraden\u00e9; na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ukraden\u00e1 francouzsk\u00e1 Lidov\u00e1 fronta nebo BSW Sarah Wagenknechtov\u00e9. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je ch\u00e1pat tyto z\u00e1le\u017eitosti jako prozat\u00edm druhotn\u00e9 rozpory. Prim\u00e1rn\u00edm rozporem je destrukce zbytk\u016f z\u00e1padn\u00edch demokraci\u00ed rukama centristick\u00fdch re\u017eim\u016f, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed udr\u017eet u moci. To je to, co je \u010din\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi, a tedy to, \u010demu je t\u0159eba se postavit.<\/p>\n<p>Tato ot\u00e1zka zp\u016fsobila b\u011bhem Trumpova prvn\u00edho funk\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zmatky. Existovala jak\u00e1koli \u0159ada d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d Donalda Trumpa nepodporovat, stejn\u011b jako existuje \u0159ada d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d ho nepodporovat nyn\u00ed. Existovala v\u0161ak v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hrozba ne\u017e Trump, jak jsem tvrdil j\u00e1 a n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch. Bylo to bezuzdn\u00e9 zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00edch instituc\u00ed \u2013 ministerstva spravedlnosti, FBI a tak d\u00e1le \u2013 a v\u016fbec despocie ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho diskurzu ve jm\u00e9nu svr\u017een\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b zvolen\u00e9ho prezidenta. Za tento postoj jste si tehdy vyslou\u017eili nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nad\u00e1vky. Nyn\u00ed je prostor pro opakov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to chyby je\u0161t\u011b men\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Druh\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost, kterou je t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit, vych\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo z t\u00e9 prvn\u00ed. V posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch jsem dost cestoval po Evrop\u011b. A tu a tam, zejm\u00e9na v N\u011bmecku, ale nejen tam, nach\u00e1z\u00edm novou ochotu odlo\u017eit star\u00e9 rozd\u00edly mezi levic\u00ed a pravic\u00ed (jakkoli mohou b\u00fdt je\u0161t\u011b pou\u017eiteln\u00e9) ve prosp\u011bch spole\u010dn\u00e9ho postupu proti centristick\u00fdm re\u017eim\u016fm v ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch spole\u010dn\u00e9 opozice. Imigrace, v\u00e1lka na Ukrajin\u011b a vztahy s Ruskem jsou t\u0159i takov\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky. Nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, jak daleko tento zp\u016fsob uva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed zajde, ale je t\u0159eba jej sledovat a podporovat \u2013 a to na obou stran\u00e1ch Atlantiku.<\/p>\n<p>Ameri\u010dt\u00ed liber\u00e1lov\u00e9 b\u011bhem mnoha let ztratili sm\u011br a Evropan\u00e9 podobn\u00e9ho politick\u00e9ho ra\u017een\u00ed je n\u00e1sledovali. Jde o slo\u017eit\u00e9 t\u00e9ma, a proto se prozat\u00edm budu dr\u017eet jednoduch\u00e9 my\u0161lenky.<\/p>\n<p>Star\u00fd liberalismus mo\u017enost\u00ed \u2013 takov\u00fd, jak\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk znal v \u0161edes\u00e1t\u00fdch letech, takov\u00fd, jak\u00fd najdete v Kennedyho nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch projevech, \u0159ekn\u011bme \u2013 ustoupil liberalismu rezignace. Emancipa\u010dn\u00ed liberalismus, kter\u00fd se bavil vizemi jin\u00e9, lep\u0161\u00ed budoucnosti, se zm\u011bnil v liberalismus, kter\u00fd nem\u00e1 jinou vizi ani p\u0159\u00edslib ne\u017e v\u011b\u010dn\u011b prodlou\u017eenou p\u0159\u00edtomnost. Nic nov\u00e9ho si nelze p\u0159edstavit. Nic jin\u00e9ho nebylo ve sv\u011bt\u011b, jak\u00fd jsme si vytvo\u0159ili, mo\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Ned\u00e1vno m\u011b zaujal titulek na vrcholu\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/unherd.com\/2024\/12\/keir-starmer-has-no-dream\/?tl_inbound=1&amp;tl_groups%5B0%5D=18743&amp;tl_period_type=3&amp;utm_source=UnHerd+Today&amp;utm_campaign=75a0d47131-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2024_12_05_09_27&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_term=0_79fd0df946-75a0d47131-35002666\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener\">\u010dl\u00e1nku v UnHerd<\/a>: \u201e<i>Keir Starmer nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dnou vizi<\/i>\u201c. Jak dokonale v\u00fdsti\u017en\u00e9. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd z centristick\u00fdch v\u016fdc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se zoufale dr\u017e\u00ed u moci, nem\u00e1 sen, \u017e\u00e1dnou vizi. Nab\u00edzej\u00ed pr\u00e1zdn\u00e1 hesla a \u00fapravy na okraj \u2013 \u201eekonomika p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed\u201c, ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ceny potravin a tak d\u00e1le -, ale nic, co by znamenalo autentickou zm\u011bnu, jakou jim voli\u010di ve volb\u00e1ch \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee cht\u011bj\u00ed. Esej UnHerd byl kritickou recenz\u00ed Starmerova \u201eProgramu pro zm\u011bnu\u201c. T\u00e9matem bylo O\u010dek\u00e1vat \u017e\u00e1dnou, kter\u00e1 by n\u011bco zm\u011bnila.<\/p>\n<p>Takov\u00fdm v\u016fdc\u016fm dnes \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me neoliber\u00e1lov\u00e9. Jejich liberalismus je liberalismus bez mo\u017enosti, jeho\u017e nep\u0159\u00edtelem je jak\u00fdkoli n\u00e1znak mo\u017enosti. Kdykoli se skute\u010dn\u00ed liber\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b prosad\u00ed, spoj\u00ed se s konzervativci. Jejich gr\u00e1lem je \u201estabilita\u201c \u2013 Macron tento term\u00edn v t\u011bchto dnech \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1. Stabilita m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dobr\u00e1 v\u011bc, ale nen\u00ed univerz\u00e1ln\u011b a v\u017edy \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed. Stabilita je velmi \u0161patn\u00e1 v\u011bc, kdy\u017e je nutn\u00e1 zm\u011bna \u2013 radik\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo reformn\u00ed, o tom lze diskutovat -, jako je tomu nyn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V b\u0159eznu 1962 pronesl Kennedy jeden z t\u011bch projev\u016f, na kter\u00e9 jsem pr\u00e1v\u011b odk\u00e1zal. \u201e<i>Ti, kdo znemo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed m\u00edrovou revoluci<\/i>,\u201c \u0159ekl, \u201c<i>\u010din\u00ed n\u00e1silnou revoluci nevyhnutelnou.<\/i>\u201c Dnes je to slavn\u00e1 v\u011bta. Kennedy \u017eil uprost\u0159ed revolu\u010dn\u00ed \u00e9ry, kdy z dlouho vl\u00e1dnouc\u00edch koloni\u00e1ln\u00edch re\u017eim\u016f vznikly des\u00edtky nov\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Na\u0161e doba je pon\u011bkud jin\u00e1, ale z pozoruhodn\u00e9 r\u00e9toriky prezidenta Kennedyho si m\u016f\u017eeme vz\u00edt ponau\u010den\u00ed. Centristick\u00e9 osobnosti, jako je Macron, maj\u00ed na mysli, kdy\u017e mluv\u00ed o stabilit\u011b, to, \u017ee mus\u00ed z\u016fstat u moci. V\u0161echny alternativy mus\u00ed b\u00fdt znemo\u017en\u011bny. A tak u\u010dinili vzestup alternativn\u00edch stran a ideologi\u00ed nevyhnuteln\u00fdm. Stejn\u011b tak prohr\u00e1vaj\u00ed volby. Stejn\u011b tak jejich v\u011bc vy\u017eaduje v tuto chv\u00edli nesm\u00edrn\u00e9 \u0161kody pro polis, v jejich\u017e z\u00e1jmu p\u0159edst\u00edraj\u00ed, \u017ee jednaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<div class=\"podcarou\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unz.com\/article\/the-centrists-cannot-hold\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener\">The Centrists Cannot Hold<\/a> vy\u0161el 12.12.2024 na unz.com. P\u0159eklad\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zvedavec.news\/komentare\/2024\/12\/10327-centriste-se-nemohou-udrzet.htm\">Zvedavec.org<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201eOt\u00e1\u010den\u00ed a ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed v roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edm se v\u00edru Sokol nesly\u0161\u00ed sokoln\u00edka; V\u011bci se rozpadaj\u00ed, st\u0159ed se&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":68333,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,35,122,365],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68332"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68332"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68332\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/68333"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68332"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68332"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68332"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}