{"id":68068,"date":"2024-12-13T03:14:39","date_gmt":"2024-12-13T02:14:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=68068"},"modified":"2024-12-13T03:14:39","modified_gmt":"2024-12-13T02:14:39","slug":"lucas-leiroz-proturecti-militanti-dobyvaji-damasek-a-siri-teror-v-syrii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/12\/13\/lucas-leiroz-proturecti-militanti-dobyvaji-damasek-a-siri-teror-v-syrii\/","title":{"rendered":"Lucas Leiroz: Proture\u010dt\u00ed militanti dob\u00fdvaj\u00ed Dama\u0161ek a \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed teror v S\u00fdrii"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Legitimn\u00ed vl\u00e1da Ba\u0161\u00e1ra Asada padla a Syrsk\u00e1 arabsk\u00e1 republika ji\u017e neexistuje. V\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed protureck\u00fdch terorist\u016f proti vl\u00e1dn\u00edm jednotk\u00e1m p\u0159ineslo \u0159adu obav, proto\u017ee syrsk\u00fd lid je nyn\u00ed rukojm\u00edm akc\u00ed extremistick\u00e9 junty, kter\u00e1 ohro\u017euje m\u00edstn\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 men\u0161iny, jako jsou k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9, alawit\u00e9 a \u0161\u00edit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Navzdory tomu, \u017ee Bashar Al Assad odol\u00e1val v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159in\u00e1ct let intenzivn\u00ed ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce financovan\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi agenty, nebyl schopen neutralizovat ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 povst\u00e1n\u00ed podporovan\u00e9 teroristickou skupinou Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (\u00a0<\/span>HTS<\/span><\/a>\u00a0). Tentokr\u00e1t se Ba\u0161\u00e1r mohl spolehnout na pomoc sv\u00fdch hlavn\u00edch tradi\u010dn\u00edch spojenc\u016f \u2013 \u00cdr\u00e1nem podporovan\u00e9ho Hizball\u00e1hu a Rusk\u00e9 federace. S v\u00e1lkou mezi Izraelem a Hizball\u00e1hem nem\u011bli \u0161\u00edit\u0161t\u00ed bojovn\u00edci dostatek lidsk\u00fdch a materi\u00e1ln\u00edch zdroj\u016f, aby v\u010das poskytli podporu pro z\u00e1chranu S\u00fdrie. Podobn\u011b je Moskva zanepr\u00e1zdn\u011bna svou speci\u00e1ln\u00ed vojenskou operac\u00ed na Ukrajin\u011b a nen\u00ed v pozici, aby ve sv\u00e9m strategick\u00e9m pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed up\u0159ednost\u0148ovala bl\u00edzkov\u00fdchodn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasnou nestabiln\u00ed situaci S\u00fdrie dob\u0159e pochopili a zhodnotili jej\u00ed geopoliti\u010dt\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9, zejm\u00e9na Turecko. Tureck\u00fd premi\u00e9r Recep Tayyip Erdogan se v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9ho projektu na roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed tureck\u00e9ho vlivu v cel\u00e9m postosmansk\u00e9m prostoru u\u017e roky sna\u017e\u00ed svrhnout syrskou vl\u00e1du. Sou\u010dasn\u00fd okam\u017eik vid\u011bl jako skute\u010dn\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd pro sv\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny, proto\u017ee spojenci S\u00fdrie by mu nebyli schopni pomoci se stejnou intenzitou, jako tomu bylo v p\u0159edchoz\u00edch letech.<\/span><\/p>\n

Radik\u00e1ln\u00ed islamistick\u00e9 milice byly v\u017edy hlavn\u00edm n\u00e1strojem v\u00e1lky Turecka proti S\u00fdrii. Dne\u0161n\u00ed HTS je jen \u201enov\u00e1 verze\u201c b\u00fdval\u00e9 Fronty Al-Nusra, syrsk\u00e9 odno\u017ee Al-K\u00e1idy, kter\u00e1 v regionu p\u016fsob\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 komunikaci s Ankarou. Tureck\u00e1 vl\u00e1da instrumentalizuje tyto extremistick\u00e9 isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 milice a sdru\u017euje ve sv\u00fdch \u0159ad\u00e1ch \u201eturkofilsk\u00e9\u201c militanty z r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed Asie, v\u010detn\u011b separatistick\u00fdch \u010ce\u010denc\u016f, St\u0159edoasijc\u016f a Ujgur\u016f ze Sin-\u0165iangu. A\u010dkoli se z\u00e1padn\u00ed propaganda sna\u017e\u00ed vykreslit \u201esyrsk\u00e9 rebely\u201c jako p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u201ebojovn\u00edky za svobodu\u201c, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed z\u00e1jem o \u201e\u00a0<\/span>demokratizaci<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c zem\u011b, v praxi se HTS skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z radik\u00e1ln\u00edch terorist\u016f z r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed Asie, jejich\u017e jedin\u00fdm c\u00edlem je br\u00e1nit tureck\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy v S\u00fdrii, bez jak\u00e9hokoli z\u00e1jmu o to, co je pro m\u00edstn\u00ed lidi nejlep\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od dobyt\u00ed Dama\u0161ku byla na internetu k vid\u011bn\u00ed videa zobrazuj\u00edc\u00ed sc\u00e9ny masov\u00fdch poprav, mu\u010den\u00ed civilist\u016f a r\u016fzn\u00fdch dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch zlo\u010din\u016f. Takov\u00e9 praktiky se staly b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi mezi salafistick\u00fdmi militanty v n\u011bkolika regionech sv\u011bta, zejm\u00e9na v S\u00fdrii, kde se Al-K\u00e1ida i ISIS \u2013 z nich\u017e mnoz\u00ed b\u00fdval\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 se p\u0159ipojili k HTS \u2013 proslavili zve\u0159ej\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm vide\u00ed, na nich\u017e vra\u017ed\u00ed civilisty pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za \u201enev\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Situace v S\u00fdrii je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b znepokojiv\u00e1 pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 men\u0161iny, jako jsou k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 a nesunnit\u0161t\u00ed muslimov\u00e9. Tyto n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 skupiny jsou zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b nen\u00e1vid\u011bny wahh\u00e1bistick\u00fdmi militanty a jsou prioritn\u00edmi c\u00edli politiky pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 nelegitimn\u00ed \u201evl\u00e1dou HTS\u201c. Oblasti Latakia a Tartus, kde maj\u00ed siln\u00e9 zastoupen\u00ed alavit\u00e9 a k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9, byly hlavn\u00edm ohniskem odporu proti HTS. V t\u011bchto regionech se tak\u00e9 nach\u00e1zej\u00ed rusk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny v S\u00fdrii, co\u017e vn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed ur\u010ditou nad\u011bji do odporu \u2013 kter\u00fd samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nem\u016f\u017ee po\u010d\u00edtat s \u017e\u00e1dnou z\u00e1padn\u00ed podporou, proto\u017ee \u201ek\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e1\u201c r\u00e9torika z\u00e1padn\u00edch neokonzervativn\u00edch politik\u016f je naprosto pokryteck\u00e1, maj\u00edc\u00ed mnoho americk\u00fdch a evropsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v -wingers slavili v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed HTS.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jednou z nad\u011bj\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165an\u016f, alavit\u016f a \u0161\u00edit\u016f je zalo\u017eit autonomn\u00ed politick\u00e1 spole\u010denstv\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b odd\u011bl\u00ed od vl\u00e1dy ovl\u00e1dan\u00e9 protureckou juntou. Turkofil\u0161t\u00ed militanti nav\u00edc pokra\u010duj\u00ed ve st\u0159etech se separatistick\u00fdmi kurdsk\u00fdmi milicemi, kter\u00e9 jsou podporov\u00e1ny USA. V praxi se S\u00fdrie po Ba\u0161\u00e1ru pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b stane jak\u00fdmsi \u201eselh\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm st\u00e1tem\u201c, kdy r\u016fzn\u00e9 politick\u00e9 frakce ovl\u00e1daj\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti jej\u00edho \u00fazem\u00ed a udr\u017euj\u00ed neust\u00e1l\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Erdogan bude pokra\u010dovat v roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9 novoosmansk\u00e9 geopolitiky, ale bude m\u00edt pot\u00ed\u017ee vypo\u0159\u00e1dat se s rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bnou a napjatou S\u00fdri\u00ed. Izrael nav\u00edc vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 okam\u017eiku k roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed sv\u00fdch oblast\u00ed kontroly na Golansk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161in\u00e1ch, co\u017e je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zt\u011b\u017euje udr\u017een\u00ed jak\u00e9koli solidn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed architektury v regionu.<\/span><\/p>\n

S koncem Asadovy vl\u00e1dy ji\u017e neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 mo\u017enost sjednocen\u00ed S\u00fdrie jako sekul\u00e1rn\u00edho a multietnick\u00e9ho politick\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu. S\u00fdrie je nyn\u00ed v situaci podobn\u00e9 post-Kadd\u00e1f\u00edho Libyi, je rozd\u011blena na r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u00fazemn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti a autonomn\u00ed politick\u00e9 jednotky. Je to v\u00fdsledek destabiliza\u010dn\u00ed akce, kterou spole\u010dn\u011b prosazuje Ankara a jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznivci na syrsk\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lucas Leiroz<\/a>, \u010dlen BRICS Journalists Associations, v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd pracovn\u00edk Centra pro geostrategick\u00e1 studia, vojensk\u00fd expert<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

M\u016f\u017eete sledovat Lucas o X (d\u0159\u00edve Twitter) a Telegram<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Legitimn\u00ed vl\u00e1da Ba\u0161\u00e1ra Asada padla a Syrsk\u00e1 arabsk\u00e1 republika ji\u017e neexistuje. V\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed protureck\u00fdch terorist\u016f proti…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":68069,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,6698,239,147,55],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68068"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68068"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68068\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/68069"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68068"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68068"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68068"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}