{"id":68023,"date":"2024-12-13T00:31:47","date_gmt":"2024-12-12T23:31:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=68023"},"modified":"2024-12-12T15:24:46","modified_gmt":"2024-12-12T14:24:46","slug":"uriel-araujo-hrozi-na-ukrajine-lidova-vzpoura-zelenskeho-bitva-o-pocty-mrtvych-mluvi-sama-za-sebe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/12\/13\/uriel-araujo-hrozi-na-ukrajine-lidova-vzpoura-zelenskeho-bitva-o-pocty-mrtvych-mluvi-sama-za-sebe\/","title":{"rendered":"Uriel Araujo: Hroz\u00ed na Ukrajin\u011b lidov\u00e1 vzpoura? Zelensk\u00e9ho bitva o po\u010dty mrtv\u00fdch mluv\u00ed sama za sebe"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Zvolen\u00fd prezident Donald Trump ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b uvedl, \u017ee Ukrajina ztratila kolem\u00a0<\/span>400 000 voj\u00e1k\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a \u201emnohem v\u00edce civilist\u016f\u201c ve sv\u00e9m pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm konfliktu s Ruskem od roku 2022. Zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00edm na platform\u011b Truth Social 9. prosince uvedl, \u017ee jde o \u201e v\u00e1lka, kter\u00e1 nikdy nem\u011bla za\u010d\u00edt a mohla by pokra\u010dovat nav\u017edy.“<\/span><\/p>\n

Ukrajinsk\u00fd v\u016fdce Volodymyr Zelenskyj v\u0161ak uv\u00e1d\u00ed jen zlomek tohoto \u010d\u00edsla a trv\u00e1 na tom, \u017ee dosud zem\u0159elo 43 000 Ukrajinc\u016f a \u017ee existuje 370 000 \u201ep\u0159\u00edpad\u016f poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed pomoci ran\u011bn\u00fdm\u201c. Zelenskyj dodal, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Ukrajiny se \u201ep\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 50 procent ran\u011bn\u00fdch vrac\u00ed do \u0159ad\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud by Trumpovo \u010d\u00edslo mohlo b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9, po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9ho v\u016fdce je naopak, jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno, t\u011b\u017eko uv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9. \u010c\u00edslo 43 000 mrtv\u00fdch je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 31 000, kter\u00e9 uvedl v \u00fanoru, ale st\u00e1le je o dost ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e odhaduj\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed zpravodajsk\u00e9 agentury,\u00a0<\/span>uv\u00e1d\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Washington Post. Jde o to, \u017ee ot\u00e1zka po\u010dtu zabit\u00fdch lid\u00ed je pro Zelensk\u00e9ho kriticky d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro jeho p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed. Minul\u00fd t\u00fdden zpochybnil zpr\u00e1vu Wall Street Journal o asi\u00a0<\/span>80 000 mrtv\u00fdch<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(dvakr\u00e1t tolik, ne\u017e v sou\u010dasnosti tvrd\u00ed).<\/span><\/p>\n

Krom\u011b \u00famrt\u00ed a \u010d\u00edsel nen\u00ed situace na Ukrajin\u011b dobr\u00e1, bez ohledu na to, jak ji kvantifikujete. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku tohoto m\u011bs\u00edce\u00a0jsem nap\u0159\u00edklad\u00a0<\/span>psal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0o tom, jak korup\u010dn\u00ed skand\u00e1ly na Ukrajin\u011b ni\u010d\u00ed jej\u00ed energetickou infrastrukturu uprost\u0159ed rusk\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f, co\u017e m\u00e1 katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fsledky pro jej\u00ed obrann\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span>P\u0159ed zimou<\/span><\/a>\u00a0to ve skute\u010dnosti zanechalo zemi zranitelnou\u00a0. Do\u0161lo k v\u00fdpadk\u016fm proudu a lid\u00e9 o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed masivn\u00ed v\u00fdpadky elekt\u0159iny. Mezit\u00edm Mustafa Nayyem, b\u00fdval\u00fd \u0161\u00e9f vl\u00e1dn\u00ed agentury pov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 zachov\u00e1n\u00edm strategick\u00e9 infrastruktury, \u0159ekl, \u017ee po\u017eadoval 1,4 miliardy eur na bunkry \u201et\u0159et\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b ochrany\u201c pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v rozvodn\u00e1ch. Prost\u0159edky byly zablokov\u00e1ny kv\u016fli (jak\u00a0<\/span>tvrd\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0) \u201evlastn\u00edm z\u00e1jm\u016fm\u201c, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed co do \u010din\u011bn\u00ed s \u00faplatky, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e nejsou vypl\u00e1ceny kyjevsk\u00fdm d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016fm. Nayem\u00a0<\/span>rezignoval<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na sv\u016fj post a politick\u00e1 krize pokra\u010duje.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zp\u011bt k \u010d\u00edsl\u016fm, my\u0161lenka \u201ebojovat do posledn\u00edho Ukrajince\u201c se stala v politick\u00e9m diskurzu tropem \u2013 a\u0165 je to jak chce, \u010d\u00edsla jsou znepokojiv\u00e1. Zva\u017ete toto:<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropa nyn\u00ed \u010del\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed krizi vys\u00eddlen\u00ed obyvatelstva od druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. \u00da\u0159ad vysok\u00e9ho komisa\u0159e OSN pro uprchl\u00edky (UNHCR) v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee v\u00edce ne\u017e\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>6 milion\u016f lid\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0opustilo Ukrajinu, aby se stali uprchl\u00edky.\u00a0V zemi\u00a0je tak\u00e9 vys\u00eddleno\u00a0<\/span>3,7 milionu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0lid\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159etina populace uprchla ze sv\u00fdch domov\u016f. Populace Ukrajiny v \u00fanoru 2022 byla\u00a0<\/span>43,5 milionu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a nyn\u00ed je to pouze\u00a0<\/span>37,9 milionu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

S dopady, kter\u00e9 konflikt p\u0159inesl na ekonomiku, nyn\u00ed \u017eije t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159\u00a0<\/span>25 % ukrajinsk\u00e9 populace<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v chudob\u011b<\/span><\/p>\n

V zemi neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 politika, kter\u00e1 by \u0159e\u0161ila probl\u00e9m v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch veter\u00e1n\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou vystaveni rizik\u016fm\u00a0<\/span>n\u00e1boru organizovan\u00e9ho zlo\u010dinu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Podle Numbeo Crime Index 2024 se \u010dty\u0159i ukrajinsk\u00e1 m\u011bsta dostala do top 10 nejzlo\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b (Kyjev, Dn\u011bpro, Od\u011bsa a Charkov). Problematika organizovan\u00e9ho zlo\u010dinu souvis\u00ed s probl\u00e9mem korupce (\u00farove\u0148 korupce v zemi je\u00a0srovnateln\u00e1 s Ugandou<\/a>\u00a0) a do\u0161lo ke skokov\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu prodeje neleg\u00e1ln\u00edch zbran\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

K tomu v\u0161emu Ukrajina\u00a0<\/span>debatuje o 18let\u00e9m n\u00e1vrhu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve\u00a0jsem\u00a0<\/span>psal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0o extr\u00e9mn\u00edm rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9m odvodn\u00edm \u00fasil\u00ed Ukrajiny, kter\u00e9 zahrnuje mobilizaci mu\u017e\u016f star\u0161\u00edch 50 let a dokonce i t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed by za norm\u00e1ln\u00edch okolnost\u00ed byli pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za fyzicky nezp\u016fsobil\u00e9 ke slu\u017eb\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ironi\u00ed je, \u017ee b\u011bhem prezidentsk\u00e9 kampan\u011b Zelenskij sl\u00edbil, \u017ee\u00a0<\/span>ukon\u010d\u00ed v\u00e1lku na Donbasu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(kter\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>za\u010dala v roce 2014<\/span><\/a>\u00a0). Ve skute\u010dnosti \u201es\u00e1m rodil\u00fd rusk\u00fd mluv\u010d\u00ed\u201c se t\u011b\u0161il \u201e\u00a0<\/span>siln\u00e9 podpo\u0159e ruskojazy\u010dn\u00fdch region\u016f zem\u011b<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c. Uzav\u0159en\u00ed m\u00edrov\u00e9 dohody je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b n\u011bco, co by radik\u00e1ln\u00ed nacionalist\u00e9 a jejich ozbrojen\u00e9 milice nikdy nedovolili a v\u011bci m\u00edsto toho eskalovaly.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ozna\u010dit dne\u0161n\u00ed Ukrajinu za jakousi zkorumpovanou oligarchickou diktaturu \u2013 s akutn\u00edm krajn\u011b pravicov\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem, nav\u00edc, by nebylo v\u016fbec p\u0159ehnan\u00e9. Ve skute\u010dnosti dokonce i promajdansk\u00fd filozof Serhiy Datsiuk (p\u00ed\u0161\u00edc\u00ed pro Euromaidan Press ze v\u0161ech m\u00edst) popsal svou zemi v roce 2017 jako \u201eob\u010dansk\u00fd odpor donutil ukrajinskou vl\u00e1du p\u0159ej\u00edt k oligarchick\u00e9 diktatu\u0159e\u201c. Napsal: \u201eNacionalist\u00e9 reaguj\u00ed na hrozbu oligarchick\u00e9 diktatury t\u00edm, \u017ee podn\u011bcuj\u00ed pocity nacionalistick\u00e9ho revan\u0161ismu a mobilizuj\u00ed ob\u010dansk\u00e9 skupiny pod praporem nacionalismu. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je nacionalistick\u00e1 diktatura stejn\u011b pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e1 jako oligarchick\u00e1, proto\u017ee ta prvn\u00ed je vn\u00edm\u00e1na jako alternativa a men\u0161\u00ed zlo… Nyn\u00ed tedy stoj\u00edme p\u0159ed dramatickou volbou: oligarchick\u00e1 diktatura nebo nacionalistick\u00e9 autorit\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipustil tak\u00e9, \u017ee \u201edirektivn\u00ed c\u00edle nast\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 (ukrajinsk\u00fdmi) nacionalisty\u201c znamenaj\u00ed \u201epomstu a podez\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed a nen\u00e1vist v\u016f\u010di Rus\u016fm a rusky mluv\u00edc\u00edm\u201c a dodal, \u017ee \u201epro mnoho Ukrajinc\u016f je to nejsnaz\u0161\u00ed cesta ven z tohoto chaosu a nejlep\u0161\u00ed cesta. vy\u0159e\u0161it rusko-ukrajinsk\u00fd konflikt znamen\u00e1 pron\u00e1sledovat rusky mluv\u00edc\u00ed lidi na Ukrajin\u011b. Bez ohledu na vlastn\u00ed politick\u00e9 sympatie by ka\u017ed\u00e1 up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e1 diskuse o ko\u0159enech sou\u010dasn\u00e9 konfrontace m\u011bla zahrnovat takov\u00e1 etnopolitick\u00e1 t\u00e9mata i geopolitiku roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed NATO \u2013 jinak se nepoda\u0159\u00ed pochopit n\u011bkter\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 body.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd Euromajdan Press sd\u00edl\u00ed sv\u00e1 jm\u00e9na a hodnoty s ultranacionalistickou revoluc\u00ed Euromajdan z roku 2014. Slovem \u201enacionalist\u00e9\u201c Dyatsiuk ozna\u010duje ukrajinsk\u00e9 radik\u00e1ly, kte\u0159\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>oslavuj\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0kontroverzn\u00ed postavy, jako je Stepan Bandera a bojovn\u00edky Ukrajinsk\u00e9 povstaleck\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy, jako n\u00e1rodn\u00ed hrdiny (\u00a0<\/span>tak jako ukrajinsk\u00fd st\u00e1t dnes<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch funkc\u00edch). Byli to nacisti\u010dt\u00ed kolaboranti, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u00e1chali v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 zlo\u010diny i proti Pol\u00e1k\u016fm \u2013 ty jsou \u010dasto pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za genocidu i v\u00fdznamn\u00fdmi ukrajinsk\u00fdmi historiky, jako je Jaroslav Hrytsak.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nacionalisticko-oligarchick\u00e9 dilema u\u017e samo o sob\u011b je receptem na zmatek. Nyn\u00ed k tomu p\u0159idejte korup\u010dn\u00ed skand\u00e1ly, v\u00fdpadky proudu v zimn\u00edm obdob\u00ed a drakonick\u00fd odvod s prezidentem, kter\u00fd se sna\u017e\u00ed bagatelizovat realisti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se po\u010dtu zabit\u00fdch a zmrza\u010den\u00fdch lid\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e to shrnu, riziko dom\u00e1c\u00edch nepokoj\u016f a protipr\u016fvanov\u00fdch povst\u00e1n\u00ed na Ukrajin\u011b je velmi re\u00e1ln\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD<\/a>, antropologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed a etnick\u00e9 konflikty<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zvolen\u00fd prezident Donald Trump ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b uvedl, \u017ee Ukrajina ztratila kolem\u00a0400 000 voj\u00e1k\u016f\u00a0a \u201emnohem v\u00edce…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":68024,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[3888,80,1635,321],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68023"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68023"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68023\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/68024"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68023"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68023"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68023"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}