{"id":67735,"date":"2024-12-09T00:35:59","date_gmt":"2024-12-08T23:35:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=67735"},"modified":"2024-12-08T16:27:23","modified_gmt":"2024-12-08T15:27:23","slug":"evropsky-prumysl-v-energeticke-krizi-jak-dlouho-bude-trvat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/12\/09\/evropsky-prumysl-v-energeticke-krizi-jak-dlouho-bude-trvat\/","title":{"rendered":"Evropsk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl v energetick\u00e9 krizi \u2013 jak dlouho bude trvat?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Evropsk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl \u010del\u00ed zkou\u0161ce, kter\u00e1 ohro\u017euje nejen jeho konkurenceschopnost, ale i samotnou existenci. S klesaj\u00edc\u00edmi teplotami rostou ceny \u2013 do z\u00e1vratn\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161in. Energetick\u00e1 krize, kter\u00e1 Evropu su\u017euje od za\u010d\u00e1tku v\u00e1lky na Ukrajin\u011b, se v posledn\u00edch t\u00fddnech dramaticky zhor\u0161ila. Ceny zemn\u00edho plynu, kter\u00fd je p\u00e1te\u0159\u00ed mnoha pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed, dos\u00e1hly \u00farovn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nejen\u017ee zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed explozi v\u00fdrobn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed ot\u00e1zky, jak dlouho je\u0161t\u011b m\u016f\u017ee evropsk\u00e1 ekonomika tomuto tlaku odol\u00e1vat.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nad\u011bje na t\u0159et\u00ed m\u00edrnou zimu v \u0159ad\u011b se v listopadu vypa\u0159ila. N\u00edzk\u00e9 teploty zv\u00fd\u0161ily popt\u00e1vku po plynu a evropsk\u00e1 skladovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se vyprazd\u0148uj\u00ed tempem naposledy v roce 2016. Situaci zhor\u0161uj\u00ed geopolitick\u00e9 nejistoty: Bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00fdpadek dod\u00e1vek rusk\u00e9ho plynu p\u0159es Ukrajinu po 31. prosinci a rostouc\u00ed konkurence s Asi\u00ed o zkapaln\u011bn\u00fd zemn\u00ed plyn (LNG) situaci d\u00e1le zhor\u0161uj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledek<\/span><\/a>\u00a0? Ceny nizozemsk\u00fdch futures na zemn\u00ed plyn TTF, kter\u00e9 jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za benchmark pro evropsk\u00fd trh s plynem, dos\u00e1hly v listopadu ro\u010dn\u00edho maxima a nad\u00e1le rostou. Analytici varuj\u00ed, \u017ee ceny energi\u00ed v Evrop\u011b by mohly v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1le r\u016fst \u2013 s ni\u010div\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky pro pr\u016fmysl.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, kter\u00fd ji\u017e nyn\u00ed trp\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi cenami energie na sv\u011bt\u011b, nyn\u00ed \u010del\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed konkuren\u010dn\u00ed nev\u00fdhod\u011b. Zat\u00edmco cena plynu v Evrop\u011b je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 p\u011btkr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e americk\u00e1 cena Henry Hub, spole\u010dnosti v kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch, jako je chemick\u00fd, ocel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd a skl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, bojuj\u00ed o svou existenci. Ceny elekt\u0159iny, \u00fazce spojen\u00e9 s cenami plynu, dos\u00e1hly nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b od \u00fanora 2023 a hroz\u00ed, \u017ee ochrom\u00ed produkci v nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch ekonomik\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b posti\u017eeno je N\u011bmecko, pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 srdce Evropy. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ekonomika kontinentu se ve t\u0159et\u00edm \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed jen t\u011bsn\u011b vyhnula recesi a v\u00fdhled pro \u010dtvrt\u00e9 \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed je nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd. Vysok\u00e9 ceny energi\u00ed zat\u011b\u017euj\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00fd pr\u016fmysl. Spolkov\u00e1 republika nejen ztr\u00e1c\u00ed konkurenceschopnost, ale riskuje i p\u0159esun cel\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch odv\u011btv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Energetick\u00e1 krize odhalila glob\u00e1ln\u00ed nerovnov\u00e1hu, kter\u00e1 stav\u00ed Evropu do nejist\u00e9 pozice. Zat\u00edmco USA t\u011b\u017e\u00ed ze sv\u00fdch bohat\u00fdch z\u00e1sob b\u0159idlicov\u00e9ho plynu a Asie st\u00e1le v\u00edce spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na LNG, Evropa z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na drah\u00e9m dovozu. D\u00edky z\u00e1vislosti na zkapaln\u011bn\u00e9m zemn\u00edm plynu obchodovan\u00e9m na spotov\u00e9m trhu je region zraniteln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di cenov\u00fdm v\u00fdkyv\u016fm a geopolitick\u00fdm nap\u011bt\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pr\u016fmysl varuje p\u0159ed dlouhodob\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky tohoto v\u00fdvoje. Pokud ceny energi\u00ed z\u016fstanou na t\u00e9to \u00farovni, do\u010dk\u00e1me se nejen omezov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdroby, ale tak\u00e9 trval\u00e9 deindustrializace Evropy. USA a Asie se sm\u011bj\u00ed z ruk\u00e1vu, zat\u00edmco Evropan\u00e9 bojuj\u00ed o ekonomick\u00e9 p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 politika stoj\u00ed p\u0159ed herkulovsk\u00fdm \u00fakolem. Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b mus\u00ed zajistit dod\u00e1vky energi\u00ed a stabilizovat ceny, na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b hroz\u00ed, \u017ee kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed zp\u016fsob\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9 \u0161kody. Dotace a cenov\u00e9 stropy by mohly p\u0159\u00edznaky zm\u00edrnit, ale ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed probl\u00e9m: z\u00e1vislost Evropy na drah\u00fdch dovozech energi\u00ed. Dalo by se op\u011bt spolehnout na levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed plynovodn\u00ed plyn z Ruska. To ale nen\u00ed politicky \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce budou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9. Pokud se uk\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee zima bude krut\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se \u010dekalo, z\u00e1soby plynu by se mohly vy\u010derpat rychleji, ne\u017e politici stihnou zareagovat. Pr\u016fmysl bude nucen d\u00e1le sni\u017eovat v\u00fdrobu, co\u017e nejen ohroz\u00ed pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta, ale tak\u00e9 zpomal\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 o\u017eiven\u00ed Evropy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Energetick\u00e1 krize nen\u00ed do\u010dasn\u00fd jev, ale struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9m, kter\u00fd bude utv\u00e1\u0159et budoucnost Evropy. Ot\u00e1zkou u\u017e nen\u00ed, zda bude toto odv\u011btv\u00ed trp\u011bt, ale jak moc \u2013 a zda se v\u016fbec dok\u00e1\u017ee vzpamatovat. Evropa se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na k\u0159i\u017eovatce a rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159ijat\u00e1 nyn\u00ed by mohla zm\u011bnit ekonomickou krajinu kontinentu na desetilet\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Evropsk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl \u010del\u00ed zkou\u0161ce, kter\u00e1 ohro\u017euje nejen jeho konkurenceschopnost, ale i samotnou existenci. S klesaj\u00edc\u00edmi…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":67736,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[285,371,8299],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67735"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67735"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67735\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/67736"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67735"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67735"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67735"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}