{"id":67658,"date":"2024-12-07T10:42:23","date_gmt":"2024-12-07T09:42:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=67658"},"modified":"2024-12-07T10:42:23","modified_gmt":"2024-12-07T09:42:23","slug":"uriel-araujo-mohou-se-usa-skutecne-podilet-na-pokusu-o-prevrat-v-jizni-koreji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/12\/07\/uriel-araujo-mohou-se-usa-skutecne-podilet-na-pokusu-o-prevrat-v-jizni-koreji\/","title":{"rendered":"Uriel Araujo: Mohou se USA skute\u010dn\u011b pod\u00edlet na pokusu o p\u0159evrat v Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreji?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Jihokorejsk\u00fd prezident Yoon Suk Yeol vyhl\u00e1sil v Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreji stann\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo proti \u00fadajn\u00fdm \u201eproseverokorejsk\u00fdm protist\u00e1tn\u00edm sil\u00e1m\u201c, co\u017e je popisov\u00e1no jako pokus o zah\u00e1jen\u00ed p\u0159evratu. Yoon nep\u0159edlo\u017eil \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd d\u016fkaz, kter\u00fd by dolo\u017eil sv\u00e1 tvrzen\u00ed, a opozice a v\u011bt\u0161inov\u00ed poslanci tento krok o n\u011bkolik hodin pozd\u011bji\u00a0odm\u00edtli<\/a>\u00a0a p\u0159\u00edkaz byl zru\u0161en.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed, kdy\u017e tento krok selhal, by mohl \u010delit impeachmentu \u2013 ale je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 brzy na to \u0159\u00edci, co by se mohlo st\u00e1t d\u00e1l. Yoon \u010del\u00ed\u00a0obvin\u011bn\u00ed z korupce<\/a>\u00a0a je velmi nepopul\u00e1rn\u00ed. Vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed stann\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va je prezidentskou v\u00fdsadou, ale vzhledem k jeho v\u00fdjime\u010dnosti m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed \u010dasto vn\u00edm\u00e1no s podez\u0159en\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e James Stavridis (b\u00fdval\u00fd vrchn\u00ed velitel spojeneck\u00fdch sil NATO)\u00a0obhajoval<\/a>\u00a0dohodu o \u201ezem\u011b pro m\u00edr\u201c ve stylu Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje pro Ukrajinu, popsal Soul jako \u201epulzuj\u00edc\u00ed m\u011bsto\u201c a Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreji obecn\u011b jako \u201enic kr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho\u201c. z\u00e1zraku\u201c, vezmeme-li v \u00favahu \u201eneuv\u011b\u0159itelnou rekonstrukci\u201c, kter\u00e1 jej \u201ep\u0159enesla z v\u00e1lkou zdevastovan\u00e9 zem\u011b do 10. nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ekonomiky na sv\u011bt\u011b\u201c \u2013 a z\u0159ejm\u011b po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s podobnou \u201esv\u011btl\u00e1\u201c budoucnost\u00a0Ukrajiny<\/a>\u00a0, ale to je jin\u00e9 t\u00e9ma.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud jde o realitu zem\u011b, v\u011bci v\u0161ak nejsou v\u017edy tak sladk\u00e9. Jak\u00fdkoli p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m jihokorejsk\u00e9m hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m r\u016fstu a rychl\u00e9 industrializaci by m\u011bl zahrnovat roky\u00a0autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 diktatury<\/a>\u00a0gener\u00e1la Park Chung Hee (1963-1979).<\/span><\/p>\n

Takov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj m\u00e1 stinnou str\u00e1nku: nap\u0159\u00edklad, navzdory nepopirateln\u00e9mu hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu r\u016fstu, je Ji\u017en\u00ed Korea dodnes zn\u00e1m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 svou nekontrolovatelnou problematikou prostituce star\u0161\u00edch \u017een, tzv. \u201eBacchus ladies\u201c, \u010dasto ve v\u011bku 60 let nebo dokonce star\u0161\u00ed. pravideln\u00fd pohled v Soulu (mo\u017en\u00e1 bez pov\u0161imnut\u00ed Stavridise).<\/span><\/p>\n

Jihokorejsk\u00fd obchod se sexem v Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreji, kter\u00fd zahrnuje takzvan\u00e9 \u201eKorean Military Comfort Women\u201c, m\u00e1 v\u0161e co do \u010din\u011bn\u00ed s americkou vojenskou p\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed v zemi a\u00a0podle<\/a>\u00a0v\u011bdce Na-Young z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 kl\u00ed\u010dovou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed korejsko-americk\u00fdch vztah\u016f.\u00a0Lee \u2013 to je jeden z mnoha soci\u00e1ln\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00fdm Jihokorejci \u010del\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed \u201evojensk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da arm\u00e1dy Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v Koreji\u201c\u00a0vl\u00e1dla<\/a>\u00a0ji\u017en\u00ed polovin\u011b Korejsk\u00e9ho poloostrova kr\u00e1tkou dobu po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce a je\u00a0jednou z p\u0159\u00ed\u010din<\/a>\u00a0korejsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, stejn\u011b jako sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jihokorejsk\u00e9ho poloostrova. Americk\u00e1 \u201ealiance vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 v krvi\u201c, jak\u00a0ji naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed<\/a>\u00a0u\u010denci William Stueck (University of Georgia) a Boram Yi (University of Baltimore)\u00a0. Ve skute\u010dnosti lze americko-jihokorejsk\u00fd vztah\u00a0dodnes skute\u010dn\u011b popsat jako\u00a0semikoloni\u00e1ln\u00ed .<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud jde o demokratickou politickou stabilitu, lze si p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee Park Kun-hje, b\u00fdval\u00e1 prezidentka (2013\u20132017) a dcera v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho dikt\u00e1tora Park Chung Hee, byla obvin\u011bna z obvin\u011bn\u00ed z \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed vlivu uprost\u0159ed\u00a0skand\u00e1lu<\/a>\u00a0s kultem \u0161amansk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed podobn\u00e9ho Rasputinovi \u2013 tam byla obvin\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee b\u00fdval\u00fd prezident\u016fv p\u0159\u00edtel a duchovn\u00ed poradce Choi Soon-sil bez ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed funkce byl \u201eloutk\u00e1\u0159\u201c a \u201eskute\u010dn\u00e1 moc\u201c. za tr\u016fnem.“<\/span><\/p>\n

Kulturn\u011b\u00a0-n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd fenom\u00e9n<\/a>\u00a0je v jihokorejsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti b\u011b\u017en\u00fd a \u010dasto v n\u011bm existuje politick\u00fd \u00fahel pohledu. Ve skute\u010dnosti tento probl\u00e9m\u00a0pron\u00e1sleduje i \u00fa\u0159aduj\u00edc\u00edho prezidenta<\/a>\u00a0Yoon Suk Yeola: \u0161amanisti\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9\u010ditel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed rad\u00ed jemu a jeho \u017een\u011b Kim Kun-hee, byli op\u011bt obvin\u011bni, \u017ee v jeho kampan\u00edch a rozhodnut\u00edch hraj\u00ed jakousi stinnou roli.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ironi\u00ed je, \u017ee \u00fa\u0159aduj\u00edc\u00edm prezidentem byl soulsk\u00fd \u017ealobce a\u00a0sehr\u00e1l hlavn\u00ed roli<\/a>\u00a0p\u0159i ob\u017ealob\u011b a pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm uv\u011bzn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 b\u00fdval\u00e9 prezidentky Park Kun-hje. P\u0159ipome\u0148me, \u017ee jej\u00ed p\u0159edch\u016fdce Lee Myung-bak (2008\u20132013) byl v \u0159\u00edjnu 2018 odsouzen k 15 let\u016fm v\u011bzen\u00ed za korupci, ale v roce 2022 byl omilostn\u011bn prezidentem Yoonem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Roh Moo-hyun, prezident p\u0159ed Leem (2003-2008), sp\u00e1chal sebevra\u017edu, kdy\u017e byl tak\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n pro korupci. Jde o to, \u017ee po\u00a0cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed<\/a>\u00a0nebyla Ji\u017en\u00ed Korea ve skute\u010dnosti ciz\u00ed politick\u00e1 krize, korupce, autorit\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a podobn\u011b. \u010clov\u011bk si m\u016f\u017ee vzpomenout na arm\u00e1dn\u00edho gener\u00e1la Chun Doo-hwana (1980-1988), l\u00e9pe zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho jako \u201e\u0158ezn\u00edk z Gwangju\u201c, proto\u017ee zam\u011bstn\u00e1val voj\u00e1ky k potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed demonstrac\u00ed, co\u017e m\u011blo za n\u00e1sledek p\u0159es 200 mrtv\u00fdch.<\/span><\/p>\n

V t\u00e9 dob\u011b m\u011bl Washington opera\u010dn\u00ed kontrolu nad ka\u017edou jihokorejskou vojenskou jednotkou a byl tak\u00a0obvin\u011bn<\/a>\u00a0z toho, \u017ee neud\u011blal dost, aby b\u011bhem masakru zadr\u017eel sv\u00e9ho \u201espojence\u201c. N\u011bkdo tedy m\u016f\u017ee nam\u00edtnout, \u017ee jak\u00e9koli vykreslov\u00e1n\u00ed Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje jako \u00fadajn\u00e9 \u201eo\u00e1zy demokracie\u201c, stability a prosperity je p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 a slou\u017e\u00ed propagandistick\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm k d\u00e9monizaci sousedn\u00edho st\u00e1tu Severn\u00ed Korea.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd admir\u00e1l Stavridis samoz\u0159ejm\u011b tak\u00e9 nezmi\u0148uje n\u011bkter\u00e9 podrobnosti o tom, jak se Korea kdysi stala \u201ev\u00e1lkou zdevastovanou zem\u00ed\u201c, v\u010detn\u011b toho, co je nyn\u00ed Korejsk\u00e1 lidov\u011b demokratick\u00e1 republika KLDR, tedy Severn\u00ed Korea. Samotnou existenci hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta Pchjongjangu s mrakodrapy a mosty lze samoz\u0159ejm\u011b tak\u00e9 pova\u017eovat za sv\u00e9ho druhu \u201ez\u00e1zrak\u201c, zejm\u00e9na s ohledem na skute\u010dnost, \u017ee USA \u201e\u00a0<\/span>kobercov\u011b bombardovaly<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c v\u011bt\u0161inu Severn\u00ed Koreje a tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1st Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje. .<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto ud\u00e1losti byly samoz\u0159ejm\u011b \u201eformativn\u00ed pro severokorejskou spole\u010dnost\u201c, jak\u00a0\u0159\u00edk\u00e1<\/a>\u00a0Tom O’Connor (star\u0161\u00ed spisovatel pro zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku) . Mohlo by b\u00fdt snaz\u0161\u00ed charakterizovat severokorejsk\u00e9 v\u016fdce jako Kim \u010cong-un (a jeho otec a d\u011bde\u010dek) jako iracion\u00e1ln\u00ed despoty, ale podle O’Connora b\u011bhem v\u00e1lky \u201ev\u011bci byly z\u0159\u00eddka \u010dernob\u00edl\u00e9\u201c a \u201e \u0160patn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky Severn\u00ed Koreje v oblasti lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a vojensk\u00e1 expanze se do\u010dkaly rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho medi\u00e1ln\u00edho pokryt\u00ed, zat\u00edmco snahy Kim \u010cong-una stabilizovat ekonomiku byly relativn\u011b podhodnoceny.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Vra\u0165me se k Yoon Suk Yeolovi, zjevn\u00e9mu pokusu o p\u0159evrat, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b je v n\u011bm hledisko vnit\u0159n\u00ed politiky, ale je zde tak\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00ed geopolitick\u00fd kontext s rostouc\u00edm nap\u011bt\u00edm v Pacifiku. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b Soul za prezidenta Yoona se st\u00e1le v\u00edce p\u0159ibli\u017eoval Washingtonu a\u00a0region pron\u00e1sledoval\u00a0p\u0159\u00edzrak NATO .<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Nem\u011bli bychom ani zapom\u00ednat, \u017ee Washington v\u00a0roce 1979 podpo\u0159il p\u0159evrat<\/a>\u00a0v zemi. Leif-Eric Easley, profesor mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch studi\u00ed na Ewha Womans University v Soulu, popsal Yoonovo rozhodnut\u00ed jako \u201epr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159esah a politickou chybnou kalkulaci\u201c. Easley dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee \u201es extr\u00e9mn\u011b n\u00edzkou podporou ve\u0159ejnosti a bez siln\u00e9 podpory v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed strany a administrativy by prezident m\u011bl v\u011bd\u011bt, jak obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 bude implementovat jeho dekret z no\u010dn\u00edch hodin\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ji\u017en\u00ed Korea je domovem nejm\u00e9n\u011b dev\u00edti hlavn\u00edch americk\u00fdch vojensk\u00fdch z\u00e1kladen a ne m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e\u00a024 234 vojensk\u00e9ho person\u00e1lu<\/a>\u00a0, v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed p\u011bchoty a voj\u00e1k\u016f v aktivn\u00ed slu\u017eb\u011b, a Yoon nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd hlup\u00e1k. Dalo by se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee by se poradil se sv\u00fdmi americk\u00fdmi \u201espojenci\u201c a dali jim \u201edob\u0159e\u201c, ne\u017e by pokra\u010doval ve sv\u00fdch snah\u00e1ch o z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed moci zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed jihokorejskou arm\u00e1du.<\/span><\/p>\n

Americk\u00fd ministr zahrani\u010d\u00ed Antony Blinken uvedl, \u017ee Washington si nebyl v\u011bdom toho, \u017ee by jihokorejsk\u00fd prezident zam\u00fd\u0161lel vyhl\u00e1sit stann\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, ale nelze vinit, \u017ee takov\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed bere s ur\u010ditou ned\u016fv\u011brou. P\u0159evrat se nezda\u0159il, ale z\u00e1pletka zdaleka nekon\u010d\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD<\/a>, antropologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed a etnick\u00e9 konflikty<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jihokorejsk\u00fd prezident Yoon Suk Yeol vyhl\u00e1sil v Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreji stann\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo proti \u00fadajn\u00fdm \u201eproseverokorejsk\u00fdm protist\u00e1tn\u00edm…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":67659,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,1189,703,37,814],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67658"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67658"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67658\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/67659"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67658"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67658"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67658"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}