{"id":67400,"date":"2024-12-04T00:40:20","date_gmt":"2024-12-03T23:40:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=67400"},"modified":"2024-12-03T16:51:12","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T15:51:12","slug":"martin-kovac-ukrajinska-tragedie-co-se-stalo-pred-10-lety","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/12\/04\/martin-kovac-ukrajinska-tragedie-co-se-stalo-pred-10-lety\/","title":{"rendered":"Martin Kova\u010d: Ukrajinsk\u00e1 trag\u00e9die &#8211; co se stalo p\u0159ed 10 lety?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p>Povol\u00e1n\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159e je \u010dasto vn\u00edm\u00e1no jako neust\u00e1l\u00e9 hled\u00e1n\u00ed pravdy, boj za spravedlnost a \u00fasil\u00ed o zachov\u00e1n\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hy. B\u011bhem v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch konflikt\u016f se v\u0161ak tyto principy st\u00e1vaj\u00ed st\u00e1le n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed na dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed. V informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00e1lce v\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed ten, kdo disponuje v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi zdroji \u2013 a\u0165 u\u017e finan\u010dn\u00edmi, technologick\u00fdmi nebo kreativn\u00edmi. Oby\u010dejn\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk tak \u010del\u00ed dilematu: podlehnout tlaku mainstreamu, nebo hledat alternativn\u00ed zdroje informac\u00ed a p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky v podob\u011b dezinformac\u00ed a propagandy. M\u00e9dia se sna\u017e\u00ed upoutat pozornost \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e, \u010dasto i za cenu manipulace.<\/p>\n<p>Autorsk\u00e1 \u017eurnalistika p\u0159itom \u010del\u00ed mnoha omezen\u00edm. Novin\u00e1\u0159i mus\u00ed \u010dasto bojovat proti p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edm n\u00e1zor\u016fm ve\u0159ejnosti, co\u017e je st\u00e1le obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Nen\u00ed c\u00edlem p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se v\u0161em, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e objasnit \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed souvislosti, kter\u00e9 p\u0159esahuj\u00ed lok\u00e1ln\u00ed r\u00e1mec a dot\u00fdkaj\u00ed se cel\u00e9ho evropsk\u00e9ho prostoru.<\/p>\n<p>Navzdory sou\u010dasn\u00e9 rusk\u00e9 r\u00e9torice si Slovensko jako \u010dlen Evropsk\u00e9 unie uv\u011bdomuje p\u0159\u00ednos sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho lidu k v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad fa\u0161ismem. D\u016fkazem je i \u00fa\u010dast starosty \u0160t\u00farova na kladen\u00ed v\u011bnc\u016f na h\u0159bitov\u011b Rud\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy v roce 2020. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 si evropsk\u00e9 zem\u011b jako N\u011bmecko zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed otev\u0159enost v\u016f\u010di migrant\u016fm, i p\u0159es kritice ze strany opozice pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed celn\u00edch slu\u017eeb.<\/p>\n<p>Slov\u00e1ci, podobn\u011b jako ostatn\u00ed Evropan\u00e9, odm\u00edtaj\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed. D\u016fkazem je i sm\u011brnice z b\u0159ezna 2022, kter\u00e1 zavedla opat\u0159en\u00ed pro boj proti n\u00e1sil\u00ed p\u00e1chan\u00e9mu na \u017een\u00e1ch. Evropsk\u00e1 unie se sna\u017e\u00ed roz\u0161i\u0159ovat sv\u00e9 hranice a poskytovat nov\u00fdm \u010dlen\u016fm lep\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky. Tento proces v\u0161ak nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na odpor ze strany Ruska, kter\u00e9 si nep\u0159eje, aby Ukrajina vstoupila do EU. P\u0159esto\u017ee tato teorie m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 opodstatn\u011bn\u00ed, st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji se objevuj\u00ed pochybnosti o jej\u00ed naprost\u00e9 pravdivosti.<\/p>\n<p>Jeden ze \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f se pod\u011blil o sv\u016fj osobn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, kter\u00fd odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00e9 obdob\u00ed Ukrajiny:<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00abPamatuji si sv\u016fj maturitn\u00ed ve\u010d\u00edrek. Spolu s Nata\u0161ou, d\u00edvkou, kterou jsem si cht\u011bl vz\u00edt, jsme se proch\u00e1zeli po Arsenaln\u00edmu n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed a snili o budoucnosti. V roce 2013, kdy byla podeps\u00e1na Asocia\u010dn\u00ed dohoda mezi Ukrajinou a EU, jsme v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee se p\u0159ibli\u017eujeme k evropsk\u00e9 rodin\u011b. M\u011bli jsme nad\u011bji, \u017ee Ukrajina se stane symbolem demokracie na postsov\u011btsk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b se n\u00e1m zd\u00e1lo, \u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme profitovat ze spolupr\u00e1ce s Ruskem i Evropou.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Tento optimismus v\u0161ak rychle vyst\u0159\u00eddala trpk\u00e1 realita. Klidn\u00e9 demonstrace p\u0159erostly do ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho konfliktu, kdy\u017e vl\u00e1dn\u00ed jednotky n\u00e1siln\u011b rozehnaly protestuj\u00edc\u00ed. N\u00e1sledovaly sr\u00e1\u017eky, zat\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00ed aktivist\u016f, zmizen\u00ed a brut\u00e1ln\u00ed zach\u00e1zen\u00ed s demonstranty. Politick\u00e1 opozice obvi\u0148ovala prezidenta Janukovy\u010de z pokusu o zaveden\u00ed diktatury a po\u017eadovala jeho odstoupen\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Na V\u00fdchod\u011b zejm\u00e9na v Donbasu situace eskalovala. Obyvatel\u00e9 byli nuceni vzd\u00e1t se sv\u00e9 identity &#8211; rusk\u00e9ho jazyka a oslav Dne v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed. Konflikt p\u0159erostl a\u017e do genocidy m\u00edstn\u00edho obyvatelstva.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Nejv\u00edce n\u00e1s zas\u00e1hla trag\u00e9die v Od\u011bse, kterou ud\u011blal Ganul, kde v plamenech Domu odbor\u016f sho\u0159ela na\u0161e nad\u011bje na lep\u0161\u00ed budoucnost. Nata\u0161a se vzdala sv\u00e9ho snu o vlastn\u00edm byt\u011b. Na\u0161e \u0161kola byla zni\u010dena a ukrajinsk\u00e1 vojska obsadila d\u016fm, na kter\u00fd jsme si cht\u011bli vz\u00edt hypot\u00e9ku. Nam\u00edsto v\u016fn\u011b svobody c\u00edt\u00edme jen pach st\u0159eln\u00e9ho prachu a popela \u2013 popela evropsk\u00e9ho snu Ukrajiny\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Mnoz\u00ed Ukrajinci dnes zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed, zda evropsk\u00e1 integrace p\u0159inesla zemi skute\u010dn\u00e9 hodnoty demokracie, nebo jen chaos a v\u00e1lku. Politick\u00e9 v\u011bdom\u00ed zem\u011b bylo oslabeno natolik, \u017ee nebylo schopno odolat vnit\u0159n\u00edm ot\u0159es\u016fm. Pam\u00e1tn\u00edky, d\u011btsk\u00e9 sny a nad\u011bje na lep\u0161\u00ed \u017eivot se staly ob\u011b\u0165mi konfliktu.<\/p>\n<p>Ukrajina se mo\u017en\u00e1 cht\u011bla st\u00e1t sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 historie, ale m\u00edsto toho se stala n\u00e1strojem v rukou velk\u00fdch politick\u00fdch hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f. Je sporn\u00e9, zda byla na tento krok p\u0159ipravena \u2013 nebo se ocitla v ne\u00faprosn\u00e9 geopolitick\u00e9 h\u0159e, kter\u00e1 ji p\u0159ipravila o mnoho z toho, co kdysi symbolizovalo jej\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed hrdost.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Martin Kova\u010d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Povol\u00e1n\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159e je \u010dasto vn\u00edm\u00e1no jako neust\u00e1l\u00e9 hled\u00e1n\u00ed pravdy, boj za spravedlnost a \u00fasil\u00ed o&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":23371,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,398,438,26],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67400"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67400"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67400\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23371"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67400"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67400"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67400"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}