{"id":67361,"date":"2024-12-03T00:33:19","date_gmt":"2024-12-02T23:33:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=67361"},"modified":"2024-12-02T18:15:21","modified_gmt":"2024-12-02T17:15:21","slug":"vyhlidky-na-to-ze-evropa-bude-mit-vlastni-bateriovy-prumysl-jsou-na-ustupu-spolecnost-northvolt-bojuje-o-existenci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/12\/03\/vyhlidky-na-to-ze-evropa-bude-mit-vlastni-bateriovy-prumysl-jsou-na-ustupu-spolecnost-northvolt-bojuje-o-existenci\/","title":{"rendered":"Vyhl\u00eddky na to, \u017ee Evropa bude m\u00edt vlastn\u00ed bateriov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, jsou na \u00fastupu. Spole\u010dnost Northvolt bojuje o existenci"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Evropsk\u00fd pl\u00e1n na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edho odv\u011btv\u00ed bateri\u00ed pro elektromobily se v\u00fdrazn\u011b zkomplikoval, kdy\u017e spole\u010dnost Northvolt podala \u017e\u00e1dost o restrukturalizaci. \u0160v\u00e9dsk\u00fd v\u00fdrobce bateri\u00ed pro elektromobily byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nad\u011bji kontinentu, \u017ee bude schopen konkurovat \u010c\u00edn\u011b. Navzdory v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm podporovatel\u016fm a investic\u00edm se spole\u010dnosti nepoda\u0159ilo naplnit tato o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a nyn\u00ed mus\u00ed bojovat o druhou \u0161anci.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u017d\u00e1dost o ochranu<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Dne 21. listopadu 2024 ozn\u00e1mila soukrom\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Northvolt, \u017ee po\u017e\u00e1dala americk\u00fd konkurzn\u00ed soud o bankrotovou ochranu podle kapitoly 11. Takov\u00e9 pod\u00e1n\u00ed obvykle zahrnuje reorganizaci, v jej\u00edm\u017e r\u00e1mci m\u016f\u017ee spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 podala \u017e\u00e1dost, pokra\u010dovat v podnik\u00e1n\u00ed a je j\u00ed umo\u017en\u011bno po\u017e\u00e1dat o dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fav\u011bry. K tomuto kroku byl \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00fd v\u00fdrobce nucen p\u0159istoupit pot\u00e9, co se mu nepoda\u0159ilo zajistit dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edliv kapit\u00e1lu, a to ani od sv\u00fdch nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch akcion\u00e1\u0159\u016f, spole\u010dnost\u00ed Volkswagen a Goldman Sachs. Za osm let sv\u00e9 existence spole\u010dnost z\u00edskala v r\u00e1mci r\u016fzn\u00fdch investic v\u00edce ne\u017e 10 miliard USD, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 se zv\u00fd\u0161ilo jej\u00ed zadlu\u017een\u00ed. Ten podle informac\u00ed Euronews dos\u00e1hl v\u00edce ne\u017e 5,8 miliardy USD. \u010c\u00e1stka pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 k udr\u017een\u00ed chodu spole\u010dnosti se odhaduje na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 245 milion\u016f USD. Agentura Reuters uvedla, \u017ee \u010d\u00e1st p\u016fj\u010dky p\u016fjde z kapsy \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobce n\u00e1kladn\u00edch automobil\u016f Scania, kter\u00fd uvedl, \u017ee v r\u00e1mci dohody o ochran\u011b p\u0159ed bankrotem p\u016fj\u010d\u00ed spole\u010dnosti Northvolt 100 milion\u016f USD. Prost\u0159edky budou pou\u017eity na stabilizaci spole\u010dnosti a podporu dlouhodob\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f, zat\u00edmco dce\u0159in\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti v Evrop\u011b a Americe budou pokra\u010dovat v \u010dinnosti. Spole\u010dnost Northvolt pl\u00e1nuje cel\u00fd proces dokon\u010dit do jara p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku. Ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o pod\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu na konkurz p\u0159ineslo tak\u00e9 zm\u011bnu ve veden\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, ze kter\u00e9 odstoupil gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel a zakladatel Peter Carlsson.<\/p>\n

Ambice nahrazeny selh\u00e1n\u00edm<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

V posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch se spole\u010dnost pot\u00fdkala s probl\u00e9my ve v\u00fdrob\u011b, co\u017e vedlo k neschopnosti uspokojit popt\u00e1vku z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f a splnit intern\u00ed c\u00edle. Podle v\u00fdrobn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f, kter\u00e9 z\u00edskala agentura Reuters, se spole\u010dnosti Northvolt poda\u0159ilo od z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dodat p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 20 000 bateri\u00ed t\u00fddn\u011b, co\u017e je mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 50 000 bateri\u00ed t\u00fddn\u011b, a to s odkazem na poruchy za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, nezku\u0161enost zam\u011bstnanc\u016f a p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9 c\u00edle. Spole\u010dnost v\u0161ak tyto informace odm\u00edtla. Finan\u010dn\u00ed situaci spole\u010dnosti nezlep\u0161ilo ani z\u00e1\u0159ijov\u00e9 ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o pozastaven\u00ed provozu v z\u00e1vod\u011b Northvolt Ett a zru\u0161en\u00ed 1 600 pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst v r\u00e1mci \u00fasporn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed. Pot\u00ed\u017ee vedly tak\u00e9 ke zru\u0161en\u00ed dvoumiliardov\u00e9ho kontraktu s n\u011bmeck\u00fdm BMW a k p\u0159echodu na burzu.<\/p>\n

Ohro\u017een\u00ed evropsk\u00e9ho bateriov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Spole\u010dnost Northvolt s \u00fa\u010delov\u00fdm sloganem \u201emake oil history\u201c byla pova\u017eov\u00e1na za pr\u016fkopn\u00edka, nad\u011bji star\u00e9ho kontinentu v p\u0159echodu na zelenou energii a ve snaze vytvo\u0159it konkuren\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed v\u016f\u010di \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm v\u00fdrobk\u016fm. V leto\u0161n\u00edm roce bylo n\u011bkolik projekt\u016f v tomto odv\u011btv\u00ed odlo\u017eeno nebo zru\u0161eno, zat\u00edmco pl\u00e1novan\u00e1 kapacita v\u00fdroby bateri\u00ed se do konce desetilet\u00ed zmen\u0161ila o 176 GWh. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti jako CATL a BYD dominuj\u00ed evropsk\u00e9mu trhu d\u00edky technologick\u00e9mu n\u00e1skoku a efektivn\u00edmu dodavatelsk\u00e9mu \u0159et\u011bzci. Bez v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed podpory a dal\u0161\u00edch iniciativ bude Evropa d\u00e1le zaost\u00e1vat a ohroz\u00ed sv\u016fj strategick\u00fd z\u00e1jem na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti na zahrani\u010dn\u00edch dodavatel\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Northvolt jako t\u0159e\u0161ni\u010dka na dortu<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Situace na evropsk\u00e9m trhu s elektromobily je p\u0159itom ji\u017e del\u0161\u00ed dobu \u0161patn\u00e1, co\u017e je zp\u016fsobeno p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm n\u00edzkou popt\u00e1vkou. D\u016fvodem je vysok\u00e1 cena bateriov\u00fdch automobil\u016f, kter\u00e1 je \u010dasto vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e cena konven\u010dn\u00edch automobil\u016f se spalovac\u00edmi motory, a to i p\u0159es dotace. P\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed se tak\u00e9 obavy z n\u00edzk\u00e9 z\u016fstatkov\u00e9 hodnoty, mal\u00e9ho dojezdu a nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 nab\u00edjec\u00ed infrastruktury. Podle spole\u010dnosti AlixPartners si jen n\u011bco m\u00e1lo p\u0159es 40 % Evropan\u016f pl\u00e1nuje jako sv\u016fj p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed v\u016fz po\u0159\u00eddit elektromobil. Pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed, v \u010c\u00edn\u011b je to 97 procent. V\u00fdrobci automobil\u016f zase \u010del\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016fm, jako je nedostate\u010dn\u00fd dodavatelsk\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec a n\u00edzk\u00e9 mar\u017ee ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s hybridy a benzinov\u00fdmi vozidly. K tomu je t\u0159eba p\u0159ipo\u010d\u00edst p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 emisn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy EU, jejich\u017e nedodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed vede k pokut\u00e1m. To, co nem\u016f\u017ee nab\u00eddnout m\u00edstn\u00ed trh, p\u0159inesou \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 automobilky s levn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi mo\u017enostmi. Proti tomu se EU postavila nov\u00fdmi cly, kter\u00e1 zv\u00fd\u0161ila na t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 40 %.<\/p>\n

Zm\u011bny pl\u00e1n\u016f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Reakc\u00ed v\u00fdrobc\u016f na popt\u00e1vku je zm\u011bna pl\u00e1n\u016f do konce roku 2030. Porsche (P911) zm\u00edrnilo sv\u016fj c\u00edl 80 % prodeje elektromobil\u016f v z\u00e1vislosti na podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch a v\u00fdvoji trhu. Mercedes (MBG) odlo\u017eil svou vizi prodeje pln\u011b elektrick\u00fdch vozidel na rok 2035 s t\u00edm, \u017ee elektromobily a hybridy by m\u011bly tvo\u0159it 50 % prodej\u016f. Bentley uvedl, \u017ee hybridy budou k dispozici i po roce 2030, a prvn\u00ed elektromobil od Aston Martin (AML.L) tak\u00e9 teprve uvid\u00edme. Renault (RNO) p\u0159e\u0161el od pln\u011b elektrick\u00e9 modelov\u00e9 \u0159ady ke sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 strategii elektromobil\u016f a benzinov\u00fdch voz\u016f. Volkswagen (VOW3) sice zachoval sv\u016fj c\u00edl, aby v roce 2030 tvo\u0159ily elektromobily v\u011bt\u0161inu prodej\u016f v Evrop\u011b, ale jeho pl\u00e1ny na v\u00fdrobu bateri\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed flexibiln\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na popt\u00e1vce.<\/p>\n

Pomoc by mohla p\u0159ij\u00edt za n\u011bkolik let<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Pomocnou ruku p\u0159i p\u0159echodu na udr\u017eitelnost by Evrop\u011b mohl podat za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed podnik Cylib, kter\u00fd za\u010dal v Dormagenu u D\u00fcsseldorfu stav\u011bt nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00fd z\u00e1vod na recyklaci bateri\u00ed. Z\u00e1vod bude v provozu do roku 2026 a bude recyklovat a\u017e 30 000 tun bateri\u00ed ro\u010dn\u011b. Podle CNBC budou recyklovan\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly vyu\u017e\u00edvat tak\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, jako je Porsche, kter\u00e1 soukromou spole\u010dnost finan\u010dn\u011b podpo\u0159ila. Dlouhodob\u00fdm c\u00edlem spole\u010dnosti je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it svou \u010dinnost po cel\u00e9m N\u011bmecku a zbytku Evropy.<\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9my s recyklac\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Obnova bateri\u00ed s sebou p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u00faskal\u00ed. P\u0159esto\u017ee lze recyklovat a\u017e 95 % lithium-iontov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed, v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se recykluje pouze \u201eneuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch\u201c 5 %. Hlavn\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed z r\u016fznorodosti a slo\u017eitosti konstrukc\u00ed, nap\u00e1jec\u00edch zdroj\u016f a velikost\u00ed bateri\u00ed od r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f a z pot\u0159eby specializovan\u00e9 recykla\u010dn\u00ed technologie. \u00dasil\u00ed o efektivn\u00ed recyklaci zpomaluje tak\u00e9 nedostatek metod hodnocen\u00ed \u017eivotnosti bateri\u00ed, nemluv\u011b o neexistenci ob\u011bhov\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by umo\u017enilo baterie opakovan\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvat.<\/p>\n

Olivia Lacenov\u00e1, hlavn\u00ed analyti\u010dka spole\u010dnosti<\/em><\/strong> Wonderinterest Trading Ltd.<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Evropsk\u00fd pl\u00e1n na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edho odv\u011btv\u00ed bateri\u00ed pro elektromobily se v\u00fdrazn\u011b zkomplikoval, kdy\u017e spole\u010dnost Northvolt…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":33064,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1042,583,283,3027],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67361"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67361"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67361\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33064"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}