{"id":67183,"date":"2024-11-30T07:18:19","date_gmt":"2024-11-30T06:18:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=67183"},"modified":"2024-11-30T07:18:19","modified_gmt":"2024-11-30T06:18:19","slug":"kdo-stoji-za-novym-valecnym-vzplanutim-v-syrii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/11\/30\/kdo-stoji-za-novym-valecnym-vzplanutim-v-syrii\/","title":{"rendered":"Kdo stoj\u00ed za nov\u00fdm v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdm vzplanut\u00edm v S\u00fdrii?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Souhra vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sil odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed trendy soupe\u0159en\u00ed mezi hlavn\u00edmi mocnostmi, co\u017e zvy\u0161uje pravd\u011bpodobnost rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho konfliktu<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>V posledn\u00edch dnech byla severn\u00ed S\u00fdrie sv\u011bdkem intenzivn\u00edch boj\u016f, kter\u00e9 znamenaly nejn\u00e1siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u0159ety od b\u0159ezna 2020, kdy bylo za \u00fa\u010dasti Ruska a Turecka zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1no p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed. R\u00e1no 27. listopadu zah\u00e1jily protivl\u00e1dn\u00ed skupiny ofenz\u00edvu v provinci\u00edch Aleppo a Idlib. Podle zpr\u00e1v se operace \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed islamistick\u00e9 frakce, v\u010detn\u011b Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), skupiny zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 v Rusku, a tak\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 opozi\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edly, jako je svobodn\u00e1 syrsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da <strong>podporovan\u00e1 USA a Tureckem.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Do r\u00e1na 28. listopadu opozi\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edly vyhl\u00e1sily dobyt\u00ed asi tuctu osad, v\u010detn\u011b strategicky v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed, jako jsou Urm al-Sughra, Anjara a Al-Houta, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u011b od Aleppa. Nav\u00edc tvrdili, \u017ee se zmocnili 46. brig\u00e1dn\u00ed z\u00e1kladny, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny syrsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy. Rebelsk\u00e9 zdroje informovaly o zajet\u00ed p\u011bti tank\u016f, bojov\u00e9ho vozidla p\u011bchoty a z\u00e1sob raket. Ve stejn\u00fd den provedli povstalci p\u0159esn\u00fd \u00fader na vrtuln\u00edk na leteck\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b An-Nayrab. Zpr\u00e1vy Anadolu a CNN nazna\u010dovaly, \u017ee kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pozice, v\u010detn\u011b Kafr Basma, Urum al-Kubra a n\u011bkolika strategick\u00fdch vyso\u010din, spadaj\u00ed pod kontrolu rebel\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>28. listopadu skupina Al-Fateh al-Mubin ozn\u00e1mila dopaden\u00ed Ch\u00e1na al-Assala, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed pouh\u00fdch 7 kilometr\u016f od Aleppa, spolu s deseti tanky. Rebelov\u00e9 tvrdili, \u017ee mezi silami prezidenta Ba\u0161\u00e1ra Asada se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed panika a upadaj\u00edc\u00ed mor\u00e1lka. Ofenziva mezit\u00edm tak\u00e9 postupovala na jih a v\u00fdchod od Idlibu, ba\u0161ty rebel\u016f od roku 2015. Rebelov\u00e9 hl\u00e1sili, \u017ee dobyli Dadikh a Kafr Batikh pobl\u00ed\u017e d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 d\u00e1lnice M5.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>B\u011bhem t\u0159\u00ed dn\u016f ozbrojenci \u00fadajn\u011b dobyli nejm\u00e9n\u011b 70 osad o rozloze p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 400 kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d ob\u011bma provinciemi. Do ve\u010dera 29. listopadu n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci operace dokonce prohl\u00e1sili dobyt\u00ed Aleppa, druh\u00e9ho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho syrsk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta. Uvedli, \u017ee jejich posl\u00e1n\u00edm je\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201eosvobodit m\u011bsto od krutosti a korupce zlo\u010dinn\u00e9ho re\u017eimu\u201c<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0s c\u00edlem vr\u00e1tit jeho lidem d\u016fstojnost a spravedlnost.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Al-Fateh al-Mubin spustil telegramov\u00fd kan\u00e1l k dokumentaci operace s n\u00e1zvem\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201eOdstra\u0161en\u00ed agrese\u201c.<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0Kan\u00e1l byl citov\u00e1n p\u0159edn\u00edmi mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi a region\u00e1ln\u00edmi m\u00e9dii. Podle militant\u016f byla jejich ofenz\u00edva reakc\u00ed na \u00fadajn\u00e9 zes\u00edlen\u00e9 n\u00e1lety rusk\u00fdch a syrsk\u00fdch sil na civiln\u00ed oblasti na jihu Idlibu a tak\u00e9 p\u0159edv\u00edd\u00e1n\u00edm potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch \u00fatok\u016f syrsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span>Pro\u010d konflikt nabral novou dynamiku?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>P\u0159ed sou\u010dasnou kriz\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1vala provincie Idlib po cel\u00fd syrsk\u00fd konflikt posledn\u00ed velkou ba\u0161tou ozbrojen\u00e9 opozice v\u016f\u010di Asadov\u011b vl\u00e1d\u011b. Region se stal \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm bodem p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch se z\u00e1jm\u016f mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi m\u00edstn\u00edmi a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi mocnostmi a vytvo\u0159il nest\u00e1l\u00e9 a napjat\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>V roce 2017 se v r\u00e1mci m\u00edrov\u00e9ho procesu v Astan\u011b Rusko, Turecko a \u00cdr\u00e1n dohodly na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed z\u00f3n pro deeskalaci, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e Idlib byl ozna\u010den jako jedna z nich. \u00da\u010delem t\u011bchto dohod bylo sn\u00ed\u017eit intenzitu nep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed a vytvo\u0159it podm\u00ednky pro politick\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed v\u0161ak bylo opakovan\u011b poru\u0161ov\u00e1no a vojensk\u00e9 operace p\u0159etrv\u00e1valy, co\u017e eskalovalo konflikt. Rostouc\u00ed vliv radik\u00e1ln\u00edch islamistick\u00fdch skupin, jako je Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), komplikoval dialog mezi stranami, proto\u017ee mnoh\u00e9 z t\u011bchto organizac\u00ed byly vylou\u010deny z jedn\u00e1n\u00ed a klasifikov\u00e1ny jako teroristick\u00e9 skupiny.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Turecko, veden\u00e9 strategick\u00fdmi z\u00e1jmy a obavami z nov\u00e9 vlny uprchl\u00edk\u016f, zv\u00fd\u0161ilo svou vojenskou p\u0159\u00edtomnost v Idlibu. Podporovala ur\u010dit\u00e9 opozi\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edly a vytvo\u0159ila s\u00ed\u0165 pozorovac\u00edch stanovi\u0161\u0165, co\u017e ob\u010das vedlo k p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm konfrontac\u00edm se syrskou arm\u00e1dou a napjat\u00fdm vztah\u016fm s Ruskem. To p\u0159idalo dal\u0161\u00ed vrstvu slo\u017eitosti do ji\u017e tak napjat\u00e9 situace a podn\u011bcovalo dal\u0161\u00ed st\u0159ety.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed situace v Idlibu se nad\u00e1le zhor\u0161ovala. Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed vyvolalo rozs\u00e1hlou humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed krizi, kter\u00e1 vys\u00eddlila miliony lid\u00ed, z nich\u017e mnoz\u00ed se stali uprchl\u00edky v sousedn\u00edch zem\u00edch nebo byli vys\u00eddleni vnit\u0159n\u011b. Nedostatek adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoci a zhor\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se \u017eivotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky zv\u00fd\u0161ily nap\u011bt\u00ed a naru\u0161ily d\u016fv\u011bru v \u00fa\u0159ady. To vytvo\u0159ilo \u00farodnou p\u016fdu pro radikalizaci, co\u017e vedlo k n\u00e1boru do ozbrojen\u00fdch skupin.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm faktorem byl tak\u00e9 strategick\u00fd v\u00fdznam Idlibu. Poloha provincie na k\u0159i\u017eovatce kritick\u00fdch dopravn\u00edch cest a jej\u00ed hranice s Tureckem j\u00ed d\u00e1vala vojensk\u00fd i ekonomick\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Kontrola nad t\u00edmto \u00fazem\u00edm se stala prioritou pro v\u0161echny z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 strany, zintenzivnila boj a br\u00e1nila pokroku sm\u011brem k m\u00edrov\u00e9mu \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Radikalizace opozice a p\u0159\u00edtomnost extremistick\u00fdch prvk\u016f v jej\u00edch \u0159ad\u00e1ch d\u00e1le komplikovaly vyhl\u00eddky na m\u00edr. Tyto skupiny m\u011bly mal\u00fd z\u00e1jem o vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a sna\u017eily se prodlou\u017eit ozbrojen\u00fd konflikt, co\u017e podkopalo mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed o stabilizaci regionu. Sou\u010dasn\u011b vnit\u0159n\u00ed probl\u00e9my, jim\u017e \u010del\u00ed syrsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da, jako jsou ekonomick\u00e9 pot\u00ed\u017ee, mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed sankce a dom\u00e1c\u00ed rozpory, oslabily jej\u00ed pozici. To pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u0159im\u011blo vl\u00e1du k agresivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vojensk\u00fdm akc\u00edm s c\u00edlem upevnit kontrolu a s\u00edlu projektu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 eskalace v Idlibu tedy pramen\u00ed ze slo\u017eit\u00e9 souhry geopolitick\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f, vnit\u0159n\u00edch rozpor\u016f, opozi\u010dn\u00ed radikalizace a v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch humanit\u00e1rn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f. \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed krize vy\u017eaduje koordinovan\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b aktivn\u00edho dialogu zahrnuj\u00edc\u00edho v\u0161echny z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 strany, humanit\u00e1rn\u00edch iniciativ ke zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed utrpen\u00ed civilist\u016f a politick\u00e9ho urovn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zohled\u0148uje z\u00e1jmy r\u016fzn\u00fdch skupin a podporuje udr\u017eiteln\u00fd m\u00edr. Bez ochoty ke kompromisu a spolupr\u00e1ci hroz\u00ed konflikt v Idlibu dal\u0161\u00ed eskalace, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje hrozbu pro region\u00e1ln\u00ed stabilitu a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span>Kdo stoj\u00ed za eskalac\u00ed?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Zat\u00edmco mnoz\u00ed spekulovali, \u017ee by z ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 eskalace mohlo m\u00edt prosp\u011bch Turecko \u2013 ve snaze p\u0159im\u011bt Asada k normalizaci vztah\u016f mezi Ankarou a Dama\u0161kem \u2013, ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed postoj Turecka z\u016fst\u00e1val nejednozna\u010dn\u00fd. Prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed a koment\u00e1\u0159e tureck\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f byly rozporupln\u00e9: na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b se zd\u00e1lo, \u017ee Ankara poskytuje Asadov\u00fdm odp\u016frc\u016fm nepopiratelnou podporu; na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b se zd\u00e1lo, \u017ee se zdr\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159evz\u00edt odpov\u011bdnost za prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed ud\u00e1losti a vyj\u00e1d\u0159ilo jasnou frustraci z jedn\u00e1n\u00ed \u201eopozice\u201c s\u00eddl\u00edc\u00ed v Idlibu\u00a0<\/span><em><span>.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>Turecko st\u00e1lo p\u0159ed kritick\u00fdm rozhodnut\u00edm: bu\u010f bude nad\u00e1le podporovat zastaral\u00fd status quo, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee po\u0161kodit jak sebe, tak region, nebo v souladu se sv\u00fdmi ve\u0159ejn\u00fdmi prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edmi o touze obnovit vztahy s Dama\u0161kem a jeho z\u00e1vazky v r\u00e1mci Astansk\u00e9ho procesu pom\u00e1hat sv\u00fdm partner\u016fm \u2013 Rusko a \u00cdr\u00e1n \u2013 a tak\u00e9 sousedn\u00ed S\u00fdrie p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed situace v Idlibu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00e1 eskalace mohla b\u00fdt \u0159\u00edzena extern\u00edmi akt\u00e9ry, jako je Izrael a USA. Vzplanut\u00ed za\u010dalo kr\u00e1tce po p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed mezi Izraelem a Hizball\u00e1hem a t\u00fdden po zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch o pou\u017eit\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00edch raket dlouh\u00e9ho doletu p\u0159i \u00faderech hluboko na rusk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed spolu s rusk\u00fdm odvetn\u00fdm testem raketov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu Ore\u0161nik. Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee <strong>USA a Izrael,<\/strong> vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed situaci na Ukrajin\u011b, nap\u011bt\u00ed s \u00cdr\u00e1nem a protiizraelsk\u00fd postoj Ankary a odm\u00edtnut\u00ed p\u0159ipojit se k protirusk\u00fdm sankc\u00edm, <strong>podn\u00edtily v S\u00fdrii nepokoje za \u00fa\u010delem dosa\u017een\u00ed n\u011bkolika c\u00edl\u016f.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Jedn\u00edm z takov\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f mohlo b\u00fdt odep\u0159\u00edt \u00cdr\u00e1nu a jeho spojenc\u016fm v Levant\u011b oddech, otev\u0159\u00edt novou\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201efrontu\u201c<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0proti Teher\u00e1nu a zas\u00edt neshody mezi Teher\u00e1nem a Ankarou. Krom\u011b toho mohla b\u00fdt zam\u011b\u0159ena na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed na rusk\u00fdch vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch sil\u00e1ch podporuj\u00edc\u00edch Dama\u0161ek, \u010d\u00edm\u017e by do\u0161lo k odklonu rusk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f uprost\u0159ed jeho anga\u017eovanosti na Ukrajin\u011b. Z\u00e1pad se mo\u017en\u00e1 sna\u017eil d\u00e1le oslabit pozici Ruska, mo\u017en\u00e1 doufal, \u017ee otev\u0159e\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201edruhou frontu\u201c<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0proti Moskv\u011b s o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm dosa\u017een\u00ed zisk\u016f v S\u00fdrii.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pro Dama\u0161ek mohla eskalace slou\u017eit jako n\u00e1tlakov\u00e1 taktika, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla odradit jeho podporu Hizball\u00e1hu a jeho zapojen\u00ed do protiizraelsk\u00e9 fronty. Jeho c\u00edlem mohlo b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 zabr\u00e1nit normalizaci s Tureckem a vytvo\u0159en\u00ed jednotn\u00e9 protikurdsk\u00e9 (a tedy protiamerick\u00e9) koalice zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed Moskvu, Teher\u00e1n, Ankaru a Dama\u0161ek v\u00fdchodn\u011b od Eufratu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pokud jde o Turecko, situace mohla b\u00fdt vyu\u017eita k vyv\u00edjen\u00ed tlaku hrozbou nov\u00e9 uprchlick\u00e9 vlny, zv\u00fd\u0161enou bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed nestabilitou a zhor\u0161en\u00edm ekonomick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek. To by zkomplikovalo operace Ankary proti kurdsk\u00fdm sil\u00e1m v S\u00fdrii, br\u00e1nilo by normalizaci s Dama\u0161kem a naru\u0161ilo jej\u00ed vztahy s Ruskem a \u00cdr\u00e1nem.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Je tedy pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee sou\u010dasnou eskalaci v Idlibu iniciovaly Izrael a USA s c\u00edlem d\u00e1le oslabit \u00cdr\u00e1n a vytvo\u0159it trhliny ve vztaz\u00edch mezi Ruskem a Tureckem. To podtrhuje mnohovrstevnou povahu syrsk\u00e9ho konfliktu, kde vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed akt\u00e9\u0159i vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed k prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch strategick\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f. Situace zd\u016fraz\u0148uje pot\u0159ebu jasn\u00fdch politick\u00fdch postoj\u016f a koordinovan\u00fdch akc\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00edch mocnost\u00ed k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed syrsk\u00fdch v\u00fdzev a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stability v regionu.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span>V\u00e1lka v Idlibu: P\u0159edzv\u011bst potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed katastrofy<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Eskalace v syrsk\u00e9 provincii Idlib p\u0159ekra\u010duje hranice lokalizovan\u00e9ho konfliktu a slou\u017e\u00ed jako ostr\u00e9 varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed nestabilitou. Severoz\u00e1pad zem\u011b se stal boji\u0161t\u011bm, kde se sbli\u017euj\u00ed z\u00e1jmy glob\u00e1ln\u00edch mocnost\u00ed a s\u00edl\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed hlubok\u00e9 zlomy v sou\u010dasn\u00e9m sv\u011btov\u00e9m \u0159\u00e1du. Zapojen\u00ed \u0159ady extern\u00edch hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed prosazuj\u00ed sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed agendy, prom\u011bnilo region v mikrokosmos geopolitick\u00fdch rozpor\u016f, kter\u00fd potenci\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159edznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed krizi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Obnoven\u00ed dlouhodob\u00fdch konflikt\u016f, jako jsou vojensk\u00e9 akce Izraele v Gaze a Libanonu, zesiluje nap\u011bt\u00ed na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u011b. Tyto zd\u00e1nliv\u011b ne\u010dinn\u00e9 nebo kontrolovan\u00e9 konfrontace se znovu vzbuzuj\u00ed s obnovenou intenzitou a p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed hrozbu pro region\u00e1ln\u00ed a glob\u00e1ln\u00ed stabilitu. Jejich o\u017eiven\u00ed podtrhuje neschopnost st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch mechanism\u016f \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b zabr\u00e1nit eskalaci a \u0159e\u0161it z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny neshod.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed ke kritick\u00e9mu bodu zvratu, proto\u017ee mnoho\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201ezamrzl\u00fdch\u201c<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0konflikt\u016f za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201ekrv\u00e1cet\u201c.<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0Star\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d, vybudovan\u00fd na principech a instituc\u00edch formovan\u00fdch b\u011bhem minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, se ukazuje jako nedostate\u010dn\u00fd, aby \u010delil v\u00fdzv\u00e1m globalizace, technologick\u00e9ho pokroku a m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se dynamiky moci. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace a dohody \u010dasto pokulh\u00e1vaj\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 sou\u010dasn\u00fdm hrozb\u00e1m, a\u0165 u\u017e jde o terorismus, kybernetickou bezpe\u010dnost nebo hybridn\u00ed v\u00e1lku.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho sv\u011btov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du vy\u017eaduje p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch struktur a mo\u017en\u00e1 i odstran\u011bn\u00ed zastaral\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f. Tento p\u0159echod je ze sv\u00e9 podstaty pln\u00fd konflikt\u016f, proto\u017ee posun od star\u00e9ho k nov\u00e9mu je z\u0159\u00eddkakdy hladk\u00fd. Konkuruj\u00edc\u00ed mocnosti a bloky se sna\u017e\u00ed chr\u00e1nit sv\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy a zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko konfrontace, pokud se nepoda\u0159\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout spole\u010dn\u00e9ho porozum\u011bn\u00ed a vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 d\u016fv\u011bry.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Situace v Idlibu zt\u011bles\u0148uje tuto bolestivou p\u0159echodnou f\u00e1zi. Zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, jak mohou region\u00e1ln\u00ed konflikty eskalovat do glob\u00e1ln\u00edch kriz\u00ed, pokud se nevy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed. Souhra vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sil v S\u00fdrii odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed trendy rivality a ned\u016fv\u011bry mezi hlavn\u00edmi mocnostmi, co\u017e d\u00e1le zvy\u0161uje pravd\u011bpodobnost rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho konfliktu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee eskalace v Idlibu a dal\u0161\u00edch glob\u00e1ln\u00edch hotspotech slou\u017e\u00ed jako varov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee sv\u011bt je na pokraji hlubok\u00fdch zm\u011bn. Aby se zabr\u00e1nilo sklouznut\u00ed do glob\u00e1ln\u00edho konfliktu, mus\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed spolupracovat na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9ho, odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00edho sv\u011btov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du schopn\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161it modern\u00ed v\u00fdzvy. To vy\u017eaduje dialog, kompromisy a ochotu p\u0159ekonat star\u00e9 rozpory v z\u00e1jmu spole\u010dn\u00e9 budoucnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Murad\u00a0<\/em><em>Sadygzade<\/em><\/strong><em> , prezident St\u0159edov\u00fdchodn\u00edho studia, hostuj\u00edc\u00ed lektor, HSE University\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"Blog-author__cover\"><a href=\"https:\/\/swentr.site\/op-ed\/authors\/murad-sadygzade\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2024.02\/original\/65dc7043203027191a38bfb2.jpg\" alt=\"Murad Sadygzade\" width=\"181\" height=\"212\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"Blog-author__text\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Souhra vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sil odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed trendy soupe\u0159en\u00ed mezi hlavn\u00edmi mocnostmi, co\u017e zvy\u0161uje pravd\u011bpodobnost rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho konfliktu&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":67184,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,220,147],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67183"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67183"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67183\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/67184"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67183"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67183"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67183"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}