{"id":67017,"date":"2024-11-28T00:33:40","date_gmt":"2024-11-27T23:33:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=67017"},"modified":"2024-11-27T16:50:45","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T15:50:45","slug":"farmaceuticka-lobby-kolik-a-za-co-zaplatili-v-roce-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/11\/28\/farmaceuticka-lobby-kolik-a-za-co-zaplatili-v-roce-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"Farmaceutick\u00e1 lobby: Kolik a za co zaplatili v roce 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb4c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content\" data-id=\"1fb4c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-content.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p><em><span>V temn\u00fdch s\u00e1lech Washingtonu, DC, kde se s vlivem obchoduje jako s komoditou, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 dominantn\u00ed silou farmaceutick\u00fd lobbing. Rok 2024 nen\u00ed v\u00fdjimkou. Podle OpenSecrets u\u017e farmaceutick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl letos utratil za lobbing p\u0159es 400 milion\u016f dolar\u016f, \u010d\u00edm\u017e op\u011bt p\u0159ekonal sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed rekord. Tato horentn\u00ed suma vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 znepokojivou ot\u00e1zku: Co dostanou da\u0148ov\u00ed poplatn\u00edci a pacienti v\u00fdm\u011bnou za tak vysok\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fddaje? Odpov\u011b\u010f nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m z\u00e1jmu, ale v regula\u010dn\u00edch \u00fastupc\u00edch, prodlu\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed patent\u016f a systematick\u00e9m up\u0159ednost\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed firemn\u00edch zisk\u016f p\u0159ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm zdrav\u00edm.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span>Co zaplatil farmaceutick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span>Farmaceutick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti neutr\u00e1cej\u00ed tolik pen\u011bz, ani\u017e by za to n\u011bco o\u010dek\u00e1valy. V roce 2024 se jejich lobbistick\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159ilo na n\u011bkolik kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek a brzy bude \u010das z\u00edskat pen\u00edze.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Ochrana cen l\u00e9k\u016f<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0: Navzdory rostouc\u00edmu ve\u0159ejn\u00e9mu pobou\u0159en\u00ed nad p\u0159emr\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdmi cenami l\u00e9k\u016f na p\u0159edpis, Big Pharma \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b oslabila ustanoven\u00ed z\u00e1kona o sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed inflace (IRA), kter\u00fd m\u00e1 omezit n\u00e1klady na l\u00e9ky Medicare. Lobbist\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dili z\u00e1konod\u00e1rce, aby omezili vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed o cen\u011b na malou skupinu drog a zachovali tak nebety\u010dn\u011b vysok\u00e9 ceny mnoha nejprod\u00e1van\u011bj\u0161\u00edch drog. Mimo jin\u00e9 cena inzul\u00ednu, kter\u00fd se dostal pod tlak, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nadm\u011brn\u00e1, i kdy\u017e v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady jsou jen p\u00e1r dolar\u016f na d\u00e1vku. Jak jsme informovali, farmaceutick\u00e1 lobby, Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA), bude usilovat o dal\u0161\u00ed omezen\u00ed tohoto z\u00e1kona s novou administrativou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed patent\u016f a evergreening<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0: Lobbist\u00e9 zajistili, \u017ee legislativa reformy patent\u016f byla op\u011bt pozastavena. Lobbov\u00e1n\u00edm proti zm\u011bn\u00e1m patentov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va farmaceutick\u00e9 giganty jako Pfizer a Moderna nad\u00e1le t\u011b\u017eily z \u201est\u00e1le zelen\u00fdch\u201c praktik, kdy drobn\u00e9 zm\u011bny st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e9k\u016f roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed patentovou ochranu a odvracej\u00ed generickou konkurenci. Tato praxe zvy\u0161uje n\u00e1klady pro spot\u0159ebitele a pouze okrajov\u011b zlep\u0161uje \u00fa\u010dinnost l\u00e9\u010dby.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed regulace<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0: Americk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad pro potraviny a l\u00e9\u010diva (FDA) \u010delil tlaku na urychlen\u00ed schvalovac\u00edch proces\u016f pro nov\u00e9 l\u00e9ky, zejm\u00e9na v oblasti genov\u00e9 terapie a technologie mRNA. Zat\u00edmco rychlej\u0161\u00ed schvalov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee znamenat rychlej\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup pro pacienty, p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed tak\u00e9 riziko nedostate\u010dn\u00e9ho testov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti. Farmaceutick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl prosadil tyto zm\u011bny pod rou\u0161kou inovac\u00ed, ale kritici varuj\u00ed, \u017ee by mohlo b\u00fdt ohro\u017eeno ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed. V\u0161imn\u011bte si, \u017ee FDA mus\u00ed z\u016fstat konkurenceschopn\u00e9 s \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm ekvivalentem, kter\u00fd byl modernizov\u00e1n a je nyn\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00fd pro podnik\u00e1n\u00ed. Pfizer pr\u00e1v\u011b ozn\u00e1mil investici ve v\u00fd\u0161i 1 miliardy dolar\u016f v \u010c\u00edn\u011b.\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trialsitenews.com\/a\/pfizer-to-inject-1b-into-beijing-china-major-rd-hub-to-integrate-into-healthy-china-2030-societal-scheme-86379c07\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>Viz\u00a0<\/span><em><span>TrialSite<\/span><\/em><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Da\u0148ov\u00e9 pob\u00eddky a subvence<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0: V roce, kdy feder\u00e1ln\u00ed vl\u00e1da zva\u017eovala zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed dan\u00ed pro korporace, farmaceuti\u010dt\u00ed lobbist\u00e9 zajistili miliardy dolar\u016f ve v\u00fdjimk\u00e1ch a pob\u00eddk\u00e1ch. Toto lobov\u00e1n\u00ed zajistilo, \u017ee Big Pharma, odv\u011btv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e dos\u00e1hlo rekordn\u00edch zisk\u016f, nad\u00e1le t\u011b\u017eilo z v\u00fdzkumu financovan\u00e9ho da\u0148ov\u00fdmi poplatn\u00edky bez adekv\u00e1tn\u00edch investic do cenov\u00e9 dostupnosti nebo p\u0159\u00edstupnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span>Cena vlivu<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span>O co p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed ve\u0159ejnost, kdy\u017e farmaceutick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl masivn\u011b investuje do lobbingu? Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b trp\u00ed transparentnost. V roce 2024 byly ve v\u00fdboru prakticky zabity snahy o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed farmaceutick\u00fdch dar\u016f neziskov\u00fdm a z\u00e1jmov\u00fdm skupin\u00e1m. Bez t\u011bchto reforem je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemo\u017en\u00e9 pochopit, jak hluboko pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 pen\u00edze pronikaj\u00ed do l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu, obhajoby pacient\u016f a dokonce i do politick\u00fdch kampan\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Finan\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e nesou i pacienti. Studie Kaiser Family Foundation zjistila, \u017ee pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd Ameri\u010dan utrat\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 1 300 dolar\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b za l\u00e9ky na p\u0159edpis, co\u017e je mnohem v\u00edce ne\u017e v jin\u00fdch rozvinut\u00fdch zem\u00edch. Tento nepom\u011br nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00fd \u2013 je v\u00fdsledkem odv\u011btv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 up\u0159ednost\u0148uje zisk p\u0159ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm zdrav\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span>Podle \u010d\u00edsel<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/federal-lobbying\/industries\/summary?id=H04\"><span>Podle<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0neziskov\u00e9 organizace OpenSecrets vyd\u011blalo 30 farmaceutick\u00fdch lobbist\u016f v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2024 293 701 614 dolar\u016f. V leto\u0161n\u00edm roce zat\u00edm 592 lobbistick\u00fdch klient\u016f najalo 1736 lobbist\u016f, z nich\u017e 55,7 % tvo\u0159\u00ed b\u00fdval\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed zam\u011bstnanci. Deset nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch d\u00e1rc\u016f je:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span>Farmaceutick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum a v\u00fdrobci Ameriky: 23 975 000 USD<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Pharmaceutical Care Management Assn: 12 550 631 USD<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Amgen Inc: 9 000 000 USD<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Roche Holdings: 8 678 498 USD<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Merck &amp; Co: 7 390 000 USD<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Pfizer Inc: 7 150 000 USD<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Johnson &amp; Johnson: 6 670 000 $<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Bayer AG: 6 460 000 USD<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Eli Lilly &amp; Co: 6 390 000 $<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>10. Gilead Sciences: 6 320 000 $<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span>Co m\u00e1 farmaceutick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl: Rozbit\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span>Plody farmaceutick\u00e9ho lobbingu lze vid\u011bt ve v\u00fdsledc\u00edch politiky. Zat\u00edmco mana\u017ee\u0159i pr\u016fmyslu propaguj\u00ed inovace jako sv\u016fj hlavn\u00ed c\u00edl, bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed pohled ukazuje, \u017ee velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st t\u011bchto takzvan\u00fdch inovac\u00ed se to\u010d\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e kolem finan\u010dn\u00edch technik ne\u017e pr\u016flomov\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f. Do roku 2024 bude deset nejlep\u0161\u00edch l\u00e9k\u016f ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech generovat tr\u017eby p\u0159es 100 miliard dolar\u016f, i kdy\u017e mnoho z t\u011bchto l\u00e9k\u016f je na trhu v\u00edce ne\u017e deset let. To, co umo\u017e\u0148uje tyto zisky, nen\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fd pokrok, ale lobbingem \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 zachov\u00e1n\u00ed monopol\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed opi\u00e1tov\u00e1 krize je pochmurn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem toho, jak lobbing deformuje ve\u0159ejnou politiku. V roce 2024 potomci Purdue Pharma a dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobci opioid\u016f nad\u00e1le oddalovali vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159esouvali vinu navzdory drtiv\u00fdm d\u016fkaz\u016fm o jejich roli p\u0159i vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti. Tyto spole\u010dnosti p\u0159itom utratily miliony za lobbov\u00e1n\u00ed proti p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kontrole p\u0159edepisov\u00e1n\u00ed opioid\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span>Cesta vp\u0159ed<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span>Vliv farmaceutick\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu na americkou politiku v roce 2024 nen\u00ed jen p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem utracen\u00fdch dolar\u016f a schv\u00e1len\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 st\u0159\u00edzlivou p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou toho, jak dalece m\u016f\u017ee ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed zaost\u00e1vat za firemn\u00edmi z\u00e1jmy. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nic nen\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 nebo b\u00edl\u00e9 a farmaceutick\u00e9 produkty jsou pot\u0159eba. Jsou d\u016fle\u017eitou hnac\u00ed silou hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho r\u016fstu, pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst a inovativn\u00edch terapi\u00ed. Ale vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e1 politika je nezbytn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Reformy jsou mo\u017en\u00e9, ale vy\u017eaduj\u00ed soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed k vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed tohoto dopadu s transparentnost\u00ed, odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed a trp\u011blivou obhajobou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Bez podstatn\u00fdch zm\u011bn hroz\u00ed, \u017ee USA z\u016fstanou v za\u010darovan\u00e9m kruhu, v n\u011bm\u017e pacienti plat\u00ed v\u00edce, dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b a sleduj\u00ed, jak \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci up\u0159ednost\u0148uj\u00ed firemn\u00ed d\u00e1rce p\u0159ed voli\u010di. Ot\u00e1zkou nen\u00ed, zda bude farmaceutick\u00fd lobbing pokra\u010dovat v roce 2025 a d\u00e1le, ale zda budou Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 po\u017eadovat syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd lidi postav\u00ed nad zisky.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c57238 quelle dc-has-condition dc-condition-empty elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8c57238\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trialsitenews.com\/a\/pharmaceutical-lobbying-in-2024-the-cost-of-influence-fa4281e4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V temn\u00fdch s\u00e1lech Washingtonu, DC, kde se s vlivem obchoduje jako s komoditou, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 dominantn\u00ed&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":34111,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[949,5591,6726],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67017"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67017"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67017\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67017"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67017"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67017"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}