{"id":66532,"date":"2024-11-20T00:47:56","date_gmt":"2024-11-19T23:47:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=66532"},"modified":"2024-11-19T16:12:38","modified_gmt":"2024-11-19T15:12:38","slug":"bosna-se-rozpada-ve-svech-daytonsky-system-je-na-pokraji-kolapsu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/11\/20\/bosna-se-rozpada-ve-svech-daytonsky-system-je-na-pokraji-kolapsu\/","title":{"rendered":"Bosna se rozpad\u00e1 ve \u0161vech. Daytonsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m je na pokraji kolapsu"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><em>Snahu Republiky srbsk\u00e9 o v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed autonomii a subjektivitu vn\u00edm\u00e1 Z\u00e1pad jako destabilizuj\u00edc\u00ed faktor na Balk\u00e1n\u011b. Neochota Washingtonu a Bruselu respektovat pr\u00e1va Srb\u016f je p\u0159itom ko\u0159enem \u010din\u016f Banja Luky.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Kvazifeder\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1t Bosna a Hercegovina, vytvo\u0159en\u00fd Daytonskou dohodou z roku 1995, byl v z\u00e1padn\u00ed politick\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011b naz\u00fdv\u00e1n ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm nebo zombie st\u00e1tem. Za posledn\u00edch t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159icet let se dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti zem\u011b \u2013 Federace Bosny a Hercegoviny a Republika srbsk\u00e1 \u2013 nepoda\u0159ilo pln\u011b integrovat. Mezietnick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi Srby, Muslimy a Chorvaty nezmizelo. Spole\u010dnost \u010das od \u010dasu nastol\u00ed ot\u00e1zku nov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, kter\u00e1 je ob\u00e1van\u00e1, ale nen\u00ed zavrhov\u00e1na jako skute\u010dn\u00e1 vyhl\u00eddka. D\u016fvodem t\u00e9to situace je systematick\u00e9 poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed Daytonsk\u00fdch dohod a n\u00e1tlak vyv\u00edjen\u00fd na Republiku srbskou ze strany z\u00e1padn\u00edch vyslanc\u016f. Toto etnikum, kter\u00e9 podle Bruselu vykazuje \u201ep\u0159\u00edli\u0161nou\u201c nez\u00e1vislost, se sna\u017e\u00ed b\u00fdt zdr\u017eenliv\u00e9.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_213404\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"width: 555px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s5.cdnstatic.space\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Republika-Srpska-President-Milorad-Dodik.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-213404\" title=\"Bosna se rozpad\u00e1 ve \u0161vech. Daytonsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m je na pokraji kolapsu\" src=\"https:\/\/s5.cdnstatic.space\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Republika-Srpska-President-Milorad-Dodik-450x300.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/s5.cdnstatic.space\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Republika-Srpska-President-Milorad-Dodik-450x300.jpg 450w, https:\/\/s5.cdnstatic.space\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Republika-Srpska-President-Milorad-Dodik.jpg 678w\" alt=\"Bosna se rozpad\u00e1 ve \u0161vech. Daytonsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m je na pokraji kolapsu\" width=\"555\" height=\"370\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-213404\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-213404\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Prezident Republiky srbsk\u00e9 Milorad Dodik<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><span>Prezident Republiky srbsk\u00e9 Milorad Dodik je zn\u00e1m\u00fd svou proruskou orientac\u00ed a nevzdal se pl\u00e1n\u016f na \u00fazkou spolupr\u00e1ci se Srbskem. Ned\u00e1vno vyvolal rozruch jeho n\u00e1vrh poslat mlad\u00e9 mu\u017ee z Republiky srbsk\u00e9 slou\u017eit v srbsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b. Sousedn\u00ed zem\u011b zavedla v roce 2025 povinnou vojenskou slu\u017ebu, kterou liber\u00e1ln\u00ed veden\u00ed v roce 2011 (samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ne bez vlivu Evropsk\u00e9 unie) zru\u0161ilo. V Sarajevu byl n\u00e1vrh v\u016fdce RS pova\u017eov\u00e1n za \u201er\u00e1nu st\u00e1tn\u00edm instituc\u00edm\u201c a poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o obran\u011b, za co\u017e hroz\u00ed a\u017e osm let v\u011bzen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Iniciativa Banja Luky samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nenajde praktickou realizaci, proto\u017ee d\u00edky z\u00e1padn\u00ed politice bylo v post-daytonsk\u00e9m obdob\u00ed zru\u0161eno mnoho d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch instituc\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b arm\u00e1dy. Od roku 2006 jsou ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly Republiky srbsk\u00e9 zru\u0161eny a Srbov\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed ve spole\u010dn\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil\u00e1ch Bosny a Hercegoviny. Sklady zbran\u00ed a vojensk\u00e9 objekty se dostaly pod kontrolu \u201edozorc\u016f m\u00edru\u201c a byly \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b prod\u00e1ny. Zbran\u011b ze z\u00e1sob arm\u00e1dy Republiky srbsk\u00e9 nalezla protiasadovsk\u00e1 opozice v r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech sv\u011bta, od Gruzie po Syrskou arabskou republiku. N\u00e1vrh Milorada Dodika ze z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2021 na p\u0159estavbu vlastn\u00ed arm\u00e1dy, soudnictv\u00ed a st\u00e1tn\u00edho zastupitelstv\u00ed neusp\u011bl.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_213411\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"width: 624px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s5.cdnstatic.space\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/bosnia4.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-213411\" title=\"Bosna se rozpad\u00e1 ve \u0161vech. Daytonsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m je na pokraji kolapsu\" src=\"https:\/\/s5.cdnstatic.space\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/bosnia4-490x262.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/s5.cdnstatic.space\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/bosnia4-490x262.jpg 490w, https:\/\/s5.cdnstatic.space\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/bosnia4-768x410.jpg 768w, https:\/\/s5.cdnstatic.space\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/bosnia4.jpg 800w\" alt=\"Bosna se rozpad\u00e1 ve \u0161vech. Daytonsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m je na pokraji kolapsu\" width=\"624\" height=\"333\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-213411\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-213411\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Kliknut\u00edm zobraz\u00edte obr\u00e1zek v pln\u00e9 velikosti<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><span>V\u0161echny pokusy Banja Luky prosadit suverenitu Republiky se setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed s tvrd\u00fdm odporem tzv. vysok\u00e9ho p\u0159edstavitele pro Bosnu a Hercegovinu. Ve skute\u010dnosti jde o ofici\u00e1ln\u011b uznan\u00e9ho z\u00e1padn\u00edho dozorce nad st\u00e1tn\u00edmi z\u00e1le\u017eitostmi, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 obrovsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, v\u010detn\u011b pr\u00e1va \u010dinit rozhodnut\u00ed z\u00e1vazn\u00e1 pro Federaci i Republiku. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel m\u00e1 nav\u00edc pravomoc odstranit ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed osoby z jejich pozic, a to i mezi Ethnity. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm p\u0159edstavitelem bude od 1. srpna 2021 n\u011bmeck\u00fd politik Christian Schmidt, p\u0159edstavitel bavorsk\u00e9 K\u0159es\u0165anskosoci\u00e1ln\u00ed unie (je t\u0159eba p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b N\u011bmecko sehr\u00e1lo kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v rozpadu socialistick\u00e9 Jugosl\u00e1vie a \u201esatanizaci\u201c. \u201c Srb\u016f v letech 1990-2000).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Mechanismus \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Bosny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vysok\u00e9ho p\u0159edstavitele p\u0159itom v posledn\u00edch letech za\u010dal pokulh\u00e1vat. 14. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2023 prokuratura Bosny a Hercegoviny navrhla soudu, aby byl prezident Republiky srbsk\u00e9 Milorad Dodik odvol\u00e1n z funkce za to, \u017ee odm\u00edtl splnit pokyny Christiana Schmidta. Dodik rozhodn\u011b odm\u00edtl uposlechnout takov\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed a d\u016fvodn\u011b poukazoval na nelegitimnost zahrani\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1stupce. V roce 2021 Schmidtovu kandidaturu neschv\u00e1lila Rada bezpe\u010dnosti OSN, proti n\u011bmeck\u00e9mu politikovi se postavilo Rusko a \u010c\u00edna. Moskva a Peking neuzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed autoritu vysok\u00e9ho p\u0159edstavitele \u2013 tot\u00e9\u017e d\u011bl\u00e1 Banja Luka.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>N\u00e1m\u011bstek rusk\u00e9ho ministra zahrani\u010d\u00ed Alexander Glu\u0161ko 8. listopadu na setk\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159edsedou parlamentu Republiky srbsk\u00e9 Nenadem Stevandicem prosazoval zru\u0161en\u00ed nez\u00e1konn\u00fdch metod vl\u00e1dnut\u00ed v Bosn\u011b a Hercegovin\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eZ rusk\u00e9 strany zd\u016fraznila principi\u00e1ln\u00ed podporu Daytonsk\u00e9 dohody o m\u00edru v Bosn\u011b a Hercegovin\u011b z roku 1995, jej\u00edch princip\u016f rovnosti t\u0159\u00ed st\u00e1totvorn\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f a dvou subjekt\u016f s \u0161irok\u00fdmi \u00fastavn\u00edmi pravomocemi, pouk\u00e1zala na pot\u0159ebu brzk\u00e9ho zru\u0161en\u00ed neokoloni\u00e1ln\u00ed re\u017eim vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho protektor\u00e1tu nad nez\u00e1vislou Bosnou a Hercegovinou,\u201c \u2013 stoj\u00ed v ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1v\u011b o setk\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>Tento druh neokoloni\u00e1ln\u00edho vl\u00e1dnut\u00ed se prov\u00e1d\u00ed nejen prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm instituc\u00ed z\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch Daytonem, ale tak\u00e9 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ekonomick\u00e9ho pronik\u00e1n\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie do zem\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eSamotn\u00fd fakt, \u017ee osm z dev\u00edti bank, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1me, jsou zahrani\u010dn\u00ed banky, je orienta\u010dn\u00ed. Z\u00e1pad s n\u00e1mi vytvo\u0159il syst\u00e9m koresponden\u010dn\u00edch bank, tak\u017ee v\u0161echny toky pen\u011bz, kter\u00e9 v ur\u010dit\u00e9m okam\u017eiku jdou do Bosny a Hercegoviny nebo z Bosny a Hercegoviny, proch\u00e1zej\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00edmi bankami, jako je Deutsche Bank nebo n\u011bkter\u00e9 jin\u00e9 banky. To je druh zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed,\u201c \u0159ekl ned\u00e1vno Dodik.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>Aby se Republika srbsk\u00e1 vymanila z ekonomick\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bz\u016f Z\u00e1padu, nastoupila v r\u00e1mci BRICS kurz integrace a chce tam z\u00edskat status pozorovatele. Letos v \u0159\u00edjnu se Milorad Dodik vzdorn\u011b z\u00fa\u010dastnil summitu BRICS v Kazani a stal se jedin\u00fdm z\u00e1stupcem geografick\u00e9 Evropy na akci (krom\u011b b\u011blorusk\u00e9ho prezidenta Alexandra Luka\u0161enka a rusk\u00e9ho prezidenta Vladimira Putina). Prezident Republiky srbsk\u00e9 se 9. kv\u011btna 2025 hodl\u00e1 z\u00fa\u010dastnit P\u0159ehl\u00eddky v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed v Moskv\u011b, kter\u00e1 je tak\u00e9 v Bruselu a Washingtonu vn\u00edm\u00e1na jako v\u00fdzva z\u00e1padn\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu glob\u00e1ln\u00ed nadvl\u00e1dy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Procesy prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed v Bosn\u011b a Hercegovin\u011b maj\u00ed tendenci ob\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti polofeder\u00e1ln\u00edho st\u00e1tu od sebe navz\u00e1jem odcizovat. A p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu bychom nem\u011bli hledat v \u201eDodikov\u00fdch provokativn\u00edch aktivit\u00e1ch\u201c, ale v dlouhodob\u00e9m poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed legitimn\u00edch pr\u00e1v a po\u017eadavk\u016f srbsk\u00e9ho lidu. Od p\u0159elomu 19. a 20. stolet\u00ed je Balk\u00e1n naz\u00fdv\u00e1n \u201esudem na prach Evropy\u201c. Krize v Bosn\u011b vedla k vypuknut\u00ed 1. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. \u00datok na Jugosl\u00e1vii v roce 1941 p\u0159edch\u00e1zel Hitlerov\u011b agresi proti Sov\u011btsk\u00e9mu svazu. Rozpad Jugosl\u00e1vie a intervence NATO v 90. letech se staly prologem nov\u00e9ho kola konfrontace mezi Moskvou a Washingtonem v 10. letech 20. stolet\u00ed. K \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed situace jsou st\u00e1le k dispozici m\u00edrov\u00e9 prost\u0159edky, ale ot\u00e1zkou z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1: pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed ti, kte\u0159\u00ed v roce 1995 vytvo\u0159ili um\u011bl\u00fd st\u00e1t k potla\u010den\u00ed subjektivity bosensk\u00fdch Srb\u016f, m\u00edrov\u00fd v\u00fdsledek?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Snahu Republiky srbsk\u00e9 o v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed autonomii a subjektivitu vn\u00edm\u00e1 Z\u00e1pad jako destabilizuj\u00edc\u00ed faktor na Balk\u00e1n\u011b&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":66533,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,4019,371],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66532"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66532"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66532\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66534,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66532\/revisions\/66534"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66533"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66532"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66532"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66532"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}