{"id":66102,"date":"2024-11-13T06:14:36","date_gmt":"2024-11-13T05:14:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=66102"},"modified":"2024-11-13T06:14:36","modified_gmt":"2024-11-13T05:14:36","slug":"zbynek-fiala-duchodova-deforma-aneb-kde-jsou-ty-penize","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/11\/13\/zbynek-fiala-duchodova-deforma-aneb-kde-jsou-ty-penize\/","title":{"rendered":"Zbyn\u011bk Fiala: D\u016fchodov\u00e1 deforma aneb Kde jsou ty pen\u00edze?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

\u0158e\u010di o budoucnosti zast\u00edraj\u00ed neochotu vl\u00e1dn\u00edch stran \u0159e\u0161it skute\u010dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, kdy rozd\u011blen\u00ed odvod\u016f do syst\u00e9mu je nespravedliv\u00e9 a v\u00edc ne\u017e pen\u00edze n\u00e1m budou chyb\u011bt d\u011bti.<\/strong><\/p>\n

I lidov\u00e1 moudrost se m\u016f\u017ee m\u00fdlit. Okam\u017eit\u011b m\u011b to napadlo nad bou\u0159livou debatou ve sn\u011bmovn\u011b, kter\u00e1 pokra\u010dovala i p\u0159i t\u0159et\u00edm \u010dten\u00ed novely d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona, o kter\u00e9m vl\u00e1dn\u00ed koalice s\u00a0oblibou \u017eertovn\u011b mluv\u00ed jako o d\u016fchodov\u00e9 reform\u011b. Ona moudrost \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee kdo nic ned\u011bl\u00e1, nic nezkaz\u00ed. Ve skute\u010dnosti se d\u00e1 kazit tak i tak.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipome\u0148me si t\u0159eba, kdy\u017e ministr pr\u00e1ce roku 2023 bezstarostn\u011b p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eel, jak sto tis\u00edc osob p\u00e1d\u00ed do p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu, proto\u017ee byl trvale v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 penze. Podle pravidel, kter\u00e9 m\u011bl v\u00a0ministr rukou, poji\u0161t\u011bnci, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159estali platit do syst\u00e9mu d\u0159\u00edv, si tak zajistili, \u017ee penzi budou dost\u00e1vat d\u00e9le a v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e kdyby dodr\u017eeli standardn\u00ed podm\u00ednky.<\/p>\n

To nebyla p\u00e9\u010de \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159e. Ale jak to pak m\u00e1 syst\u00e9m p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt?<\/p>\n

Moment\u00e1ln\u011b u\u017e je t\u0159etina vypl\u00e1cen\u00fdch d\u016fchod\u016f z\u00a0kategorie t\u011bch p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdch. Podle ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed statistiky z\u00a0ministersk\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy o stavu d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho syt\u00e9mu \u010cR, podle kter\u00e9 byl v prosinci 2023 starobn\u00ed d\u016fchod vypl\u00e1cen 2,362 milionu d\u016fchodc\u016f, bylo t\u011bch p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdch 733 tis\u00edc neboli 31,0 %. V\u00a0uveden\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b se mluv\u00ed o p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdch d\u016fchodech jako o \u201ekr\u00e1cen\u00fdch\u201c, jen\u017ee onoho roku 2023 se d\u00edky inflaci a rychl\u00fdm valorizac\u00edm dosahovalo toho, \u017ee \u201ekr\u00e1cen\u00e9\u201c p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 d\u016fchody byly pak trvale vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho roku.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.mpsv.cz\/documents\/20142\/7095934\/Zpr%C3%A1va+2024.pdf\/f0b43c68-7179-e8b8-2e6c-177d51600ad9<\/a><\/p>\n

\u017de to prohlubuje deficit d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, kdy\u017e mu ut\u00edkaj\u00ed pl\u00e1tci p\u0159ed nosem? D\u00edv\u00e1m se celou v\u011bc s\u00a0podez\u0159en\u00edm, \u017ee o to pr\u00e1v\u011b jde. Podvy\u017eiven\u00fd syst\u00e9m se sn\u00e1ze redukuje a privatizuje.<\/p>\n

Tuhle akci bych tedy hodil Jure\u010dkovi na triko. A pak je tu star\u00fd probl\u00e9m OSV\u010c, jejich\u017e odvody jsou nastaveny tak, jako kdyby se nikdy nem\u011bli d\u016fchodu do\u017e\u00edt. Bylo to opat\u0159en\u00ed z\u00a0doby, kdy \u017eivnostensk\u00fd list zast\u00edral faktickou nezam\u011bstnanost, tak\u017ee jsme m\u011bli jednu chv\u00edli skoro dva miliony \u201epodnikatel\u016f\u201c. Dlouho se tolerovalo, \u017ee zast\u00edraj\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmy, proto\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161inou nev\u011bd\u011bli, z\u00a0\u010deho budou \u017e\u00edt z\u00edtra. Ale jako trval\u00e1 politika je to zhoubn\u00e9, proto\u017ee z\u00a0miziv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f bude vypo\u010dten miziv\u00fd d\u016fchod a za\u010dnou nar\u016fstat fronty u \u0161altr\u016f se soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi d\u00e1vkami.<\/p>\n

Projasnit to m\u011bly Babi\u0161ovy elektronick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dtenky, ze kter\u00fdch v\u0161ak Fialovi \u010dp\u011bla \u010f\u00e1belsk\u00e1 byrokracie, tak\u017ee je p\u0159e\u017eehnal a zru\u0161il. A nyn\u00ed m\u00e1me na stole d\u016fchodovou \u201edeformu\u201c, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 zalepit tyhle dv\u011b d\u00edry v\u00a0bilanci, jak to p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 drancov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu, tak ty drasticky podcen\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky.<\/p>\n

Ten druh\u00fd probl\u00e9m s\u00a0hrozbou nepatrn\u00fdch d\u016fchod\u016f pro st\u00e1rnouc\u00ed OSV\u010c m\u00e1 nyn\u00ed vy\u0159e\u0161it minim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fchod ve v\u00fd\u0161i 20 procent pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 mzdy. Form\u00e1ln\u011b to bude tak, \u017ee spole\u010dn\u00e1 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bra starobn\u00edch d\u016fchod\u016f, kter\u00e1 tvo\u0159ila 10 procent pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 mzdy, se zdvojn\u00e1sob\u00ed. Druhou \u010d\u00e1st v\u00fdm\u011bry pak tvo\u0159\u00ed ta procentn\u00ed, ale tu u\u017e nen\u00ed prakticky z\u00a0\u010deho vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vat. Tak\u017ee zest\u00e1rl\u00ed ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00ed podnikatel\u00e9 dostanou minim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fchod a n\u011bjak\u00e9 ty d\u00e1vky.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0t\u00e9to souvislosti p\u0159ipome\u0148me, \u017ee d\u016fchodov\u00fd syt\u00e9m je placen hlavn\u011b \u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdmi zam\u011bstnanci, se kter\u00fdmi se nikdo o odvodech nevybavuje a prost\u011b jim strhne procento na p\u00e1sce. Tak\u017ee i z\u00e1chovnou d\u00e1vku st\u00e1rnouc\u00edm OSV\u010c pokryj\u00ed hlavn\u011b oni. Navazuj\u00edc\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vky z\u00a0rozpo\u010dtu, bez kter\u00fdch by tato kategorie d\u016fchodc\u016f nep\u0159e\u017eila, pak mohou b\u00fdt o to men\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

T\u00edm chci uk\u00e1zat na to, \u017ee na kejkl\u00edch s\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdm d\u016fchodov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem byla udr\u017eitelnost v\u017edy a\u017e t\u00edm posledn\u00edm. Hlavn\u011b se koukalo na to, jak d\u00e1t vyd\u011blat finan\u010dn\u00edk\u016fm, kter\u00fdm se subvencovala obsluha tit\u011brn\u00fdch d\u016fchodov\u00fdch spo\u0159en\u00ed, nebo jak z vybran\u00fdch pen\u011bz na d\u016fchody zalepit n\u011bjak\u00e9 rozpo\u010dtov\u00e9 d\u00edry. Hluboce nespravedliv\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed odvod\u016f do syst\u00e9mu bylo n\u00e1strojem, jak \u201ezadarmo\u201c financovat zv\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00fd elektor\u00e1t pravicov\u00fdch stran.<\/p>\n

Reforma tohoto syst\u00e9mu je proto nutn\u00e1, av\u0161ak nemo\u017en\u00e1. Sk\u0159\u00edpav\u00e1 \u010dty\u0159kolka m\u00e1 po\u0159\u00e1d dost hlas\u016f na to, aby protla\u010dila, co ji napadne, a opozice ji m\u016f\u017ee leda tak drtiv\u011b kritizovat na n\u00e1st\u011bnce nebo ve sn\u011bmovn\u011b, kde ji nikdo neposlouch\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Ale je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed v\u0161em dn\u016fm konec, za rok jsou volby a t\u011bm proz\u00edrav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm u\u017e lep\u00ed. Vybavil jsem si to na za\u010d\u00e1tku t\u0159et\u00edho \u010dten\u00ed 1. listopadu, kdy\u017e m\u00edstop\u0159edseda vl\u00e1dy a ministr pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed \u010cR Marian Jure\u010dka z\u00a0neopatrnosti uvedl, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00fdch starobn\u00edch d\u016fchodc\u016f se d\u016fchodov\u00e1 reforma v\u016fbec nedotkne. Byl si v\u011bdom, jak cel\u00fd ten paskvil \u0161kod\u00ed, proto tak zd\u016fraz\u0148oval sv\u00e9 z\u00e1sluhy, kde to z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159i star\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

Ale pak se zasnil a pod\u00edval se budoucnosti:<\/p>\n

\u201eTady zazn\u00edv\u00e1, jestli Marian Jure\u010dka, nebo n\u011bkdo v\u00edme, co bude za 20, za 30\u00a0let? No, j\u00e1 to nev\u00edm na korunu p\u0159esn\u011b, j\u00e1 nemohu \u2013 ani \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd ekonom \u2013 garantovat, jestli ten deficit v\u00a0roce\u00a02053\u00a0bude minus\u00a0344 nebo 342 miliard. Ale to, \u017ee ten deficit bude, kdybychom nic neud\u011blali, kolem zhruba minus\u00a04 a\u017e 5\u00a0%\u00a0HDP, tak to \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b v\u0161ichni ekonomov\u00e9. V\u0161ichni ti, kte\u0159\u00ed opravdu se um\u00ed pod\u00edvat na demografii, kter\u00e1 u\u017e je prost\u011b na p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch 20\u00a0let dan\u00e1, proto\u017ee prost\u011b ty d\u011bti se n\u00e1m nenarodily. Tam se nic nezm\u011bn\u00ed.\u201c<\/p>\n

Znovu tedy t\u00e9ma: Ud\u011blat, neud\u011blat? Zm\u011bn\u00ed, nezm\u011bn\u00ed?<\/p>\n

D\u016fchodov\u00e1 reforma je hauz\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0pen\u011bzi, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m seberou, a\u017e zest\u00e1rnete, zat\u00edmco p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161tafety vy\u017eaduje investovat do norm\u00e1ln\u00edho rodinn\u00e9ho \u017eivota v p\u0159edstihu, aby si mlad\u00ed mohli d\u011bti dovolit.<\/p>\n

Po\u010dty d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se b\u011bhem p\u016fsobnosti t\u00e9to vl\u00e1dy nenarod\u00ed, dramaticky rostou. Hus\u00e1kov\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed bylo 280 tis\u00edc ve vrcholn\u00e9m roce, zat\u00edmco Fialov\u00fdch a Jure\u010dkov\u00fdch bude brzy m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 80 tis\u00edc, tedy t\u0159ikr\u00e1t m\u00e9n\u011b. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b v\u00a0jedin\u00e9m ro\u010dn\u00edku \u2013 ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0potenci\u00e1lem \u2013 zmiz\u00ed dv\u011b st\u011b tis\u00edc p\u00e1r\u016f pracovit\u00fdch rukou, jako kdyby se zem\u00ed p\u0159ehnali Hunov\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Jure\u010dkovo tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee na to jde v\u011bdecky s\u00a0v\u00fdhledem na rok 2050, je zase zasti\u0148ov\u00e1no faktem, \u017ee sotva vybalil v\u011bdeck\u00e9 a nezm\u011bniteln\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, tak n\u011bkdo dal\u0161\u00ed ze dne na den, po kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m p\u0159epo\u010dtu na pytl\u00edku od mouky je nahradil n\u011b\u010d\u00edm je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bde\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edm. Geni\u00e1ln\u00ed my\u0161lenky, kter\u00e9 se l\u00edhly v\u00a0hlav\u00e1ch vl\u00e1dn\u00edch poslanc\u016f, strh\u00e1valy v\u0161e star\u00e9 a dva dny p\u0159e\u017eil\u00e9 jako povode\u0148 v\u00a0jesenick\u00fdch \u00fadol\u00edch.<\/p>\n

\u0160\u00e9f opozice Andrej Babi\u0161 z\u00a0toho byl \u00fapln\u011b roz\u010d\u00edlen\u00fd:<\/p>\n

\u201eVy ty pen\u00edze nechcete d\u00e1t d\u016fchodc\u016fm! Nechcete! Proto\u017ee vy ty pen\u00edze neum\u00edte ani vyb\u00edrat. Vy neum\u00edte \u010derpat evropsk\u00e9 fondy. Vy neum\u00edte vyb\u00edrat dan\u011b. Vy utr\u00e1c\u00edte pen\u00edze, 500\u00a0miliard na obranu, b\u016fhv\u00ed kdy to p\u0159ijde, na ty st\u00edha\u010dky, na Ukrajinu.<\/p>\n

D\u016fchodov\u00e9 schodky? My jsme m\u011bli d\u016fchodov\u00fd \u00fa\u010det v\u00a0p\u0159ebytku. My u\u017e jsme to m\u011bli v\u00a0p\u0159ebytku 2018, 2019.<\/p>\n

2020 byla krize, ale va\u0161e vl\u00e1da nem\u011bla \u017e\u00e1dnou krizi. My jsme m\u011bli minusov\u00fd HDP, vy jste to nikdy nem\u011bli. Vybrali jste asi o\u00a0600 a\u017e 700\u00a0miliard na dan\u00edch v\u00edc hlavn\u011b d\u00edky inflaci, kterou jste zp\u016fsobili nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed cenou elekt\u0159iny. Proto va\u0161i oligarchov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00ed tuhle vl\u00e1du, maj\u00ed stovky miliard zisku z ceny elekt\u0159iny a plynu.<\/p>\n

No a kde jsou ty pen\u00edze?<\/p>\n

Za t\u00e9to situace, kdy\u017e vy tvrd\u00edte, \u017ee nejsou pen\u00edze, proto\u017ee nechcete, aby byly pen\u00edze pro d\u016fchodce, ani pro zam\u011bstnance, tak jste p\u0159i\u0161li a m\u00e1te v\u00a0rozpo\u010dtu nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed plat\u016f, nev\u00edm o\u00a0kolik, o\u00a020 a\u017e 25\u00a0000 nav\u00edc, ne? Ale d\u016fchodc\u016fm jste vzali 1\u00a0000\u00a0korun m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b trvale! Tak\u017ee o\u00a0\u010dem se chcete s\u00a0n\u00e1mi bavit?\u201c<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.psp.cz\/eknih\/2021ps\/stenprot\/117schuz\/s117020.htm#r1<\/a><\/p>\n

Zbyn\u011bk Fiala<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0158e\u010di o budoucnosti zast\u00edraj\u00ed neochotu vl\u00e1dn\u00edch stran \u0159e\u0161it skute\u010dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, kdy rozd\u011blen\u00ed odvod\u016f do syst\u00e9mu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14037,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1042,1803,59,90,855],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66102"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66102"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66102\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14037"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66102"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66102"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66102"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}