{"id":66011,"date":"2024-11-12T05:39:33","date_gmt":"2024-11-12T04:39:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=66011"},"modified":"2024-11-12T05:39:33","modified_gmt":"2024-11-12T04:39:33","slug":"uriel-araujo-s-trumpovym-vitezstvim-je-latinska-amerika-v-centru-pozornosti-a-to-je-spatna-zprava-pro-latinoamericany","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/11\/12\/uriel-araujo-s-trumpovym-vitezstvim-je-latinska-amerika-v-centru-pozornosti-a-to-je-spatna-zprava-pro-latinoamericany\/","title":{"rendered":"Uriel Araujo: S Trumpov\u00fdm v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00edm je Latinsk\u00e1 Amerika v centru pozornosti \u2013 a to je \u0161patn\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va pro Latinoameri\u010dany"},"content":{"rendered":"
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S ned\u00e1vn\u00fdm v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00edm Donalda Trumpa se zd\u00e1, \u017ee Latinsk\u00e1 Amerika je v centru pozornosti. Za prv\u00e9, na za\u010d\u00e1tku tohoto m\u011bs\u00edce Trump (kter\u00fd se ujme \u00fa\u0159adu 20. ledna 2025) \u0159ekl, \u017ee pokud bude zvolen, zavol\u00e1 nov\u011b inaugurovan\u00e9 mexick\u00e9 prezidentce Claudii Sheinbaumov\u00e9 \u201eprvn\u00edho dne nebo d\u0159\u00edve\u201c, aby ji informoval, \u017ee \u201epokud nebudou \u201eNezastavil tento n\u00e1por zlo\u010dinc\u016f a drog\u201c p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch do USA, \u201eokam\u017eit\u011b by uvalil 25procentn\u00ed clo\u201c na v\u0161e, co Mexiko po\u0161le do USA. Republik\u00e1n j\u00ed 7. listopadu zavolal \u2013 ale navzdory p\u0159edchoz\u00ed tvrd\u00e9 r\u00e9torice to byl\u00a0podle Sheinbauma \u201e\u00a0<\/span>velmi srde\u010dn\u00fd\u201c rozhovor .<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Argentinec Javier Milei, kter\u00fd se nyn\u00ed p\u0159esune d\u00e1le na jih na latinsk\u00fd kontinent, bude z\u0159ejm\u011b prvn\u00edm prezidentem, kter\u00fd se tento t\u00fdden\u00a0<\/span>setkal s Trumpem<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, a to je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed jeho prezidentskou inaugurac\u00ed. Setk\u00e1n\u00ed se uskute\u010dn\u00ed v Mar-a-Lago, Trumpov\u011b klubu na jihu Floridy, b\u011bhem exkluzivn\u00ed Konference konzervativn\u00ed politick\u00e9 akce (CPAC). Chyb\u011bt nebude ani miliard\u00e1\u0159 Elon Musk, majitel X. To by mohlo nazna\u010dovat, \u017ee Trump bude \u201eup\u0159ednost\u0148ovat\u201c Argentinu p\u0159ed jej\u00edm region\u00e1ln\u00edm rivalem Braz\u00edli\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Spolu s Trumpovou v\u00fdzvou mexick\u00e9mu Sheinbaumovi ve stejn\u00fd den, kdy bylo ozn\u00e1meno jeho volebn\u00ed v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed, jsou to zn\u00e1mky toho, \u017ee Latinsk\u00e1 Amerika bude pro novou administrativu velk\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem. M\u011bli bychom o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee USA budou\u00a0b\u011bhem prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edho \u010d\u00ednsko-americk\u00e9ho\u00a0geopolitick\u00e9ho sporu \u010delit rostouc\u00edmu tlaku na latinskoamerick\u00e9 zem\u011b sm\u011brem k\u00a0<\/a><\/span>vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Oliver Stuenkel (hostuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011bdec z Carnegie Endowment for International Peace)\u00a0tvrd\u00ed<\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee Trump m\u00e1 svou vlastn\u00ed Monroeovu doktr\u00ednu a \u017ee jeho \u201eizolacionistick\u00e1\u201c zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politika se prom\u00edt\u00e1 do ochrany hegemonie v Nov\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00fd stupe\u0148 monroeismu se net\u00fdk\u00e1 pouze Trumpa. Koncem roku 2023 u\u017e analytici jako Tom Long (\u010dten\u00e1\u0159 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f na University of Warwick) a Carsten-Andreas Schulz (asistent profesora mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f na Cambridgesk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b) varovali p\u0159ed \u201e\u00a0<\/span>n\u00e1vratem Monroeovy doktr\u00edny<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c. Long a Schulz napsali, \u017ee za Joea Bidena m\u011bla \u201evarov\u00e1n\u00ed B\u00edl\u00e9ho domu o rostouc\u00ed stop\u011b \u010c\u00edny na z\u00e1padn\u00ed polokouli\u201c \u201ev\u00fdrazn\u011b monroeistick\u00fd podt\u00f3n\u201c. Argumentuj\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee Biden mo\u017en\u00e1 nezajde tak daleko, aby vychvaloval Monroeovu doktr\u00ednu v OSN (jako to\u00a0<\/span>ud\u011blal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Trump ), ale Bidenovy iniciativy na kontinentu jsou nicm\u00e9n\u011b\u00a0Latinskoameri\u010dany\u00a0<\/span>vn\u00edm\u00e1ny v podobn\u00e9m sv\u011btle .<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hovo\u0159it o Monroeov\u011b doktr\u00edn\u011b \u201evr\u00e1t\u00ed se\u201c je proto, abych byl p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ot\u00e1zkou soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed a intenzity \u2013 takov\u00e1 doktr\u00edna ve skute\u010dnosti nikdy nezmizela. Nav\u00edc v posledn\u00edch letech, a\u0165 u\u017e to bylo s Trumpem nebo Bidenem, se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee b\u00fdt \u201eproamerick\u00fd\u201c znamen\u00e1 pro zem\u011b Latinsk\u00e9 Ameriky katastrofu, jak jsem\u00a0<\/span>napsal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v prosinci 2023. skute\u010dn\u011b docela extr\u00e9mn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad, s jeho \u201e\u00a0<\/span>d\u011bsiv\u00fdmi<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c ekonomick\u00fdmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mo\u017en\u00e1 si vzpomenete, \u017ee b\u011bhem sv\u00e9 prezidentsk\u00e9 kampan\u011b dokonce sl\u00edbil, \u017ee se \u201ezbav\u00ed\u201c m\u011bny peso t\u00edm, \u017ee ji nahrad\u00ed dolarem \u2013 co\u017e by odebralo roli argentinsk\u00e9 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky v n\u00e1rodn\u00ed ekonomice a p\u0159edalo ji americk\u00e9 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed bance. – t\u00edm se pln\u011b vzd\u00e1 jak\u00e9koli autonomn\u00ed m\u011bnov\u00e9 politiky. Tento pl\u00e1n je st\u00e1le\u00a0<\/span>v jedn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Pod Milei tak\u00e9 Argentina ustoupila od vstupu do skupiny BRICS. D\u00edky\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdm \u00fasporn\u00fdm opat\u0159en\u00edm<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Milei vzrostla\u00a0m\u00edra chudoby v Argentin\u011b za prvn\u00edch \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f nov\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy\u00a0<\/span>na 53 %<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee\u00a0<\/span>3,4 milionu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Argentinc\u016f bylo letos uvr\u017eeno do chudoby). Nov\u00e1 m\u00edra chudoby je nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed za dv\u011b desetilet\u00ed \u2013 Washington byl jeho ekonomikou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Za p\u0159edchoz\u00ed \u201ez\u00e1padn\u00ed\u201c administrativy Jaira Bolsonara Braz\u00edlie okusila,\u00a0<\/span>jak<\/span><\/a>\u00a0vypad\u00e1 \u201eautomatick\u00e9 slad\u011bn\u00ed\u201c s Washingtonem.\u00a0Dohoda<\/a>\u00a0\u201e\u00a0<\/span>Technologick\u00e9 z\u00e1ruky<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c\u00a0o vesm\u00edrn\u00e9m st\u0159edisku Alcantara z roku 2019 je docela dobr\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem. Krom\u011b jin\u00e9ho umo\u017enila p\u0159\u00edstup do n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed strategicky um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9ho odpalovac\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Brazilsk\u00e9 vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 agentury pouze americk\u00e9mu person\u00e1lu. Dohoda tak\u00e9 uvalila \u0159adu omezen\u00ed na person\u00e1l a zdroje ze zem\u00ed mimo MTCR (Re\u017eim kontroly raketov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed), kter\u00e9 vylu\u010dovaly \u010c\u00ednu. A co v\u00edc, omezila Braz\u00edlii na vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed raket, kter\u00e9 jsou vyrobeny technologi\u00ed vyvinutou v USA, a pen\u00edze, kter\u00e9 t\u00edm vyd\u011blala brazilsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da, nemohly b\u00fdt investov\u00e1ny do brazilsk\u00fdch raket.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bolsonaro vl\u00e1dl Braz\u00edlii od ledna 2019 do ledna 2023, a tak se jeho prezidentstv\u00ed tak\u00e9 shodovalo s prvn\u00edmi roky prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edho p\u0159edsednictv\u00ed Joe Bidena. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b se tolik mluvilo o tom, \u017ee brazilsk\u00e9 spojen\u00ed s Washingtonem je omezeno na Bolsonaro-Trump \u201ep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed\u201c, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e Joe Biden dokonce odm\u00edtal mluvit se sv\u00fdm brazilsk\u00fdm prot\u011bj\u0161kem. Pravda je, \u017ee stranou n\u00e1klonnosti Biden zach\u00e1zel se sv\u00fdm Bolsonarem v podstat\u011b stejn\u011b jako Trump: po\u017eadoval zarovn\u00e1n\u00ed a nenab\u00edzel nic (nebo nic moc) na opl\u00e1tku. Ilustruje to mimo jin\u00e9 tlak Bidenovy administrativy na zastaven\u00ed\u00a0\u00fa\u010dasti \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti\u00a0<\/span>Huawei na budov\u00e1n\u00ed brazilsk\u00e9 5G s\u00edt\u011b.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Bidenova administrativa v ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u201e rozhodn\u011b\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159isp\u011bla<\/span><\/a>\u00a0k udr\u017een\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>Luly da Silvy u moci po ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9m pokusu o p\u0159evrat p\u0159ipisovan\u00fd b\u00fdval\u00e9mu prezidentovi Jairu Bolsonarovi\u201c, jak to\u00a0<\/span><\/a>popisuje<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Fabiano Mielniczuk, \u010dlen v\u00fdzkumu NEBRICS\u00a0. S Bolsonarov\u00fdm n\u00e1stupcem a \u00fa\u0159aduj\u00edc\u00edm brazilsk\u00fdm prezidentem Lulou da Silvou se v\u0161ak zdrav\u00e9 partnerstv\u00ed neuskute\u010dnilo: nap\u0159\u00edklad Washington\u00a0<\/span>vyzbrojil ekologickou r\u00e9toriku<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, udr\u017eoval tlak na Bras\u00edlii, aby se odpojila od BRICS, a p\u0159inutil Braz\u00edlii\u00a0<\/span>odlo\u017eit<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dost \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fdch v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch lod\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bylo to b\u011bhem Trumpov\u00fdch let, v jeho p\u0159edchoz\u00edm prezidentstv\u00ed, kdy Monroeova doktr\u00edna\u00a0<\/span>tvrd\u011b zas\u00e1hla Latinskou Ameriku<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad pl\u00e1ny podobn\u00fdmi \u201eZ\u00e1toce svin\u00ed\u201c (kter\u00e9 nevy\u0161ly) napadnout Venezuelu p\u0159es Kolumbii. Krom\u011b \u00fadajn\u00fdch\u00a0<\/span>pl\u00e1n\u016f CIA<\/span><\/a>\u00a0zab\u00edt venezuelsk\u00e9ho Nicolase Madura se v kv\u011btnu 2020 ameri\u010dt\u00ed \u017eold\u00e1ci pokusili vstoupit do zem\u011b na motorov\u00fdch \u010dlunech z Kolumbie v r\u00e1mci takzvan\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>operace Gideon,<\/span><\/a>\u00a0aby zah\u00e1jili st\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159evrat proti Madurovi. Caracas obvi\u0148uje Washington a Bogotu, \u017ee v tom sehr\u00e1ly roli. Operace Gideon byla pops\u00e1na jako mizern\u00e1 uk\u00e1zka neschopnosti a arogance.<\/span><\/p>\n

S nov\u00fdm\u00a0<\/span>zmocn\u011bn\u00fdm<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Trumpov\u00fdm prezidentstv\u00edm zem\u011b riskuje, \u017ee bude muset \u010delit mnohem efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm operac\u00edm. T\u00e9ma Venezuely pron\u00e1sleduje volby v Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe \u2013 jak jsme ned\u00e1vno vid\u011bli\u00a0<\/span>v Uruguayi<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi Bol\u00edvarskou republikou a Guyanou kv\u016fli \u00fazemn\u00edm n\u00e1rok\u016fm (\u00a0<\/span>uprost\u0159ed velk\u00fdch n\u00e1lez\u016f ropy<\/span><\/a>\u00a0) st\u00e1le roste a regionem pron\u00e1sleduje p\u0159\u00edzrak region\u00e1ln\u00edho konfliktu i americk\u00e9 intervence.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ned\u00e1vno jsem\u00a0<\/span>psal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0o tom, jak ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 Trumpovo v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed znamenalo konec v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159i desetilet\u00ed dlouh\u00e9 \u00e9ry Bush-Clinton a jak by tento v\u00fdvoj mohl b\u00fdt celkov\u011b dobrou zpr\u00e1vou pro planetu, vezmeme-li v \u00favahu rekord. Tvrdil jsem, \u017ee Trumpovo p\u0159edchoz\u00ed prezidentov\u00e1n\u00ed v letech 2017\u20132021 se nijak nevyrovn\u00e1 l\u00e9t\u016fm Bushe-Clintona, pokud jde o zni\u010den\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f,\u00a0<\/span>spolu\u00fa\u010dast na genocid\u011b<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161tvan\u00ed. Pouh\u00e9 pouk\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed na tuto skute\u010dnost formou srovn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee Trump byl nebo bude \u201em\u00edrotvorcem\u00a0<\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/a>\u00a0n\u00e1hodou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abrahamovy dohody (kter\u00e9 v mnoha ohledech le\u017e\u00ed v j\u00e1dru pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed nesn\u00e1ze na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b) byly do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry jeho d\u00edlem. Cel\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka Izraele sama o sob\u011b bude zkou\u0161kou a v\u00fdzvou pro novou administrativu. Pokud jde o zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku Washingtonu za Trumpa t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se Latinsk\u00e9 Ameriky, nelze o\u010dek\u00e1vat, jak se zde argumentuje, nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e star\u00fd dobr\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup Big Stick.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD<\/a>, antropologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed a etnick\u00e9 konflikty<\/em><\/p>\n

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S ned\u00e1vn\u00fdm v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00edm Donalda Trumpa se zd\u00e1, \u017ee Latinsk\u00e1 Amerika je v centru pozornosti. Za…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":66012,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,1352,2417],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66011"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66011"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66011\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66012"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66011"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66011"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66011"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}