{"id":65593,"date":"2024-11-05T06:29:25","date_gmt":"2024-11-05T05:29:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=65593"},"modified":"2024-11-05T06:29:25","modified_gmt":"2024-11-05T05:29:25","slug":"uriel-araujo-macronova-arogance-odcizuje-alzirsko-a-zaroven-zlepsuje-jeho-vztahy-s-ruskem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/11\/05\/uriel-araujo-macronova-arogance-odcizuje-alzirsko-a-zaroven-zlepsuje-jeho-vztahy-s-ruskem\/","title":{"rendered":"Uriel Araujo: Macronova arogance odcizuje Al\u017e\u00edrsko a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zlep\u0161uje jeho vztahy s Ruskem"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Uprost\u0159ed francouzsko-al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00e9ho sporu ohledn\u011b ot\u00e1zky\u00a0<\/span>Z\u00e1padn\u00ed Sahary<\/span><\/a>\u00a0se rusk\u00fd syst\u00e9m balistick\u00fdch raket kr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho doletu Iskander-E poprv\u00e9 objevil v zemi p\u0159ed 70. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00edm sv\u00e9 revoluce (kter\u00e9 bylo p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1no 1. listopadu), zat\u00edmco Al\u017e\u00edr a Moskva jednaj\u00ed o pos\u00edlen\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce.<\/span><\/p>\n

Po letech spekulac\u00ed se nyn\u00ed potvrdilo, \u017ee Al\u017e\u00edrsko obdr\u017eelo \u010dty\u0159i pluky rusk\u00e9ho raketov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu Iskander-E, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se stalo prvn\u00ed arabskou zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jej m\u00e1 ve sv\u00e9m arzen\u00e1lu. Tento syst\u00e9m v\u00fdrazn\u011b zvy\u0161uje schopnosti al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00fdch raket, proto\u017ee je navr\u017een tak, aby zasahoval p\u0159esn\u00fdmi c\u00edli, jako je kritick\u00e1 infrastruktura, velitelsk\u00e1 centra a samotn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e je tak\u00e9 obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 jej odhalit nebo zachytit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00fd rival Maroko zase v roce 2023 z\u00edskal americk\u00fd HIMARS a m\u00e1 se st\u00e1t\u00a0<\/span>prvn\u00edm severoafrick\u00fdm st\u00e1tem, kter\u00fd jej obdr\u017e\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1vody ve zbrojen\u00ed v regionu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Macron, v r\u00e1mci z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zm\u011bny politiky, nav\u0161t\u00edvil minul\u00fd t\u00fdden Maroko v doprovodu obrovsk\u00e9 delegace v\u00edce ne\u017e 130 lid\u00ed a uv\u00e1d\u00ed se,\u00a0<\/span>\u017ee<\/span><\/a>\u00a0byly podeps\u00e1ny \u201evelk\u00e9 smlouvy\u201c za \u201ev\u00edce ne\u017e 10 miliard eur\u201c, kter\u00e9 se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>energie a infrastruktury.<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee stejn\u00fd t\u00fdden byl tak\u00e9 ru\u0161n\u00fd pro rusko-al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00e9 vztahy: Al\u017e\u00edrsko mimo jin\u00e9 hostilo ruskou delegaci pro energetickou spolupr\u00e1ci. Mohamed Arkab, al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00fd ministr energetiky a dol\u016f,\u00a0<\/span>se setkal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0s Vladislavem Davankovem, m\u00edstop\u0159edsedou rusk\u00e9 St\u00e1tn\u00ed dumy, a ruskou delegac\u00ed, aby projednali pos\u00edlen\u00ed rusko-al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00e9 d\u016fln\u00ed a energetick\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce. Hovo\u0159ili o pos\u00edlen\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>spolupr\u00e1ce<\/span><\/a>\u00a0al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00e9ho Sonatrachu a rusk\u00e9ho Gazpromu , krom\u011b p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed k partnerstv\u00ed v oblasti pr\u016fzkumu a rozvoje uhlovod\u00edk\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rusk\u00e1 ekonomick\u00e1 mise v Al\u017e\u00edrsku spolu s Al\u017e\u00edrskou obchodn\u00ed a pr\u016fmyslovou komorou tak\u00e9 ve stejn\u00fd t\u00fdden zorganizovala obchodn\u00ed setk\u00e1n\u00ed v Al\u017e\u00edrsku s c\u00edlem prozkoumat strategick\u00e1 partnerstv\u00ed. Dne 1. listopadu se nav\u00edc n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edk gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161t\u00e1bu al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy gener\u00e1lporu\u010d\u00edk Said Chengriha setkal s n\u00e1m\u011bstkem rusk\u00e9ho ministra obrany gener\u00e1lporu\u010d\u00edkem Alexandrem Fominem, aby projednali pos\u00edlen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed a vojensk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce mezi ob\u011bma zem\u011bmi.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee Moskva za\u010dala dod\u00e1vat pluky zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho mobiln\u00edho raketov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu v roce 2018 (podle rusk\u00e9ho listu Kommersant), na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, stejn\u011b jako skute\u010dnost, \u017ee se \u010dasov\u011b shodovalo s n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvou\u00a0<\/span>rusk\u00e9 delegace<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdvojem, kter\u00fd jsem pr\u00e1v\u011b zm\u00ednil. Ukazuje mimo jin\u00e9, jak je Al\u017e\u00edrsko p\u0159ipraveno diverzifikovat partnery. V t\u00e9to souvislosti\u00a0je zaj\u00edmav\u00fd i\u00a0fakt, \u017ee zem\u011b byla\u00a0<\/span>ned\u00e1vno p\u0159ijata za \u010dlena<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Rozvojov\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>banky BRICS<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Al\u017e\u00edrsko je tak\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Hnut\u00ed nez\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch.<\/span><\/p>\n

V tomto duchu minul\u00fd t\u00fdden odcestoval do Egypta tak\u00e9 al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00fd prezident Tebboune, aby se setkal se sv\u00fdm prot\u011bj\u0161kem Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, kter\u00fd ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee egyptsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti jsou p\u0159ipraveny pracovat na projektech rozvoje m\u011bst a infrastruktury v Al\u017e\u00edrsku. Tebboune tak\u00e9 nav\u0161t\u00edvil Om\u00e1n a pokukuje po S\u00fad\u00e1nu a Libyi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak jsem ned\u00e1vno\u00a0<\/span>psal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, francouzsko-al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00e9 vztahy se zhor\u0161uj\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e cel\u00fd v\u00fdvoj n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed pozorovatel\u00e9 popisuj\u00ed jako z\u00e1sadn\u00ed posun v pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politice pro z\u00e1padn\u00ed Afriku. Al\u017e\u00edrsko nap\u0159\u00edklad za\u010dalo odm\u00edtat p\u0159ijmout zp\u011bt ty al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00e9 migranty, kter\u00fdm francouzsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady na\u0159\u00eddily deportaci, a dokonce\u00a0<\/span>je umis\u0165uje do letadel, kter\u00e1 maj\u00ed b\u00fdt posl\u00e1na zp\u011bt do Francie<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u010d\u00edm\u017e deportace blokuje. Nen\u00ed to\u00a0<\/span>poprv\u00e9, co<\/span><\/a>\u00a0se zem\u011b mst\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 t\u00e9ma migrace jako sv\u00e9ho druhu p\u00e1ku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Org\u00e1ny v Al\u017e\u00edru nav\u00edc bez vysv\u011btlen\u00ed vylou\u010dily francouzsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti z v\u00fdb\u011brov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na dovoz p\u0161enice, i kdy\u017e po\u017eadovaly, aby spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 se ho \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed, nenab\u00edzely \u017e\u00e1dnou p\u0161enici poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z Francie.\u00a0<\/span>Podle agentury Reuters<\/span><\/a>\u00a0by severoafrick\u00e1 zem\u011b mohla \u201evy\u0159azen\u00edm\u201c sv\u00e9ho b\u00fdval\u00e9ho koloniz\u00e1tora t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem skon\u010dit \u201epos\u00edlen\u00edm ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 dominance dod\u00e1vek \u010cern\u00e9ho mo\u0159e v \u010dele s ruskou p\u0161enic\u00ed na obrovsk\u00e9m dovozn\u00edm trhu Al\u017e\u00edrska\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je t\u0159eba m\u00edt na pam\u011bti, \u017ee Al\u017e\u00edrsko je jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch sv\u011btov\u00fdch odb\u011bratel\u016f p\u0161enice a po mnoho let byla Francie dokonce jeho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm dodavatelem (dnes je to Rusko). Ti obezn\u00e1men\u00ed s touto z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee rozhodnut\u00ed je odvetou za ned\u00e1vnou politiku Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee v\u016f\u010di Z\u00e1padn\u00ed Saha\u0159e, proto\u017ee k n\u011bmu do\u0161lo pouh\u00e9 t\u0159i dny pot\u00e9, co al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00fd prezident Abdelmadjid Tebboune odsoudil Macronovo uzn\u00e1n\u00ed marock\u00fdch n\u00e1rok\u016f. V t\u00e9to patov\u00e9 situaci hraje roli tak\u00e9 politika pam\u011bti, Tebboune obvinil Francii, \u017ee b\u011bhem obdob\u00ed koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed nadvl\u00e1dy sp\u00e1chala genocidu. Evropsk\u00e9 zemi tak\u00e9 hroz\u00ed, \u017ee bude \u010delit sankc\u00edm za v\u00fdvoz plynu ze strany Al\u017e\u00edru.<\/span><\/p>\n

V j\u00e1dru sporu pak le\u017e\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>rozhodnut\u00ed americk\u00e9ho prezidenta Donalda Trumpa z roku 2020 uznat n\u00e1roky na marockou suverenitu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0nad Z\u00e1padn\u00ed Saharou jako \u201equid pro quo\u201c pot\u00e9, co Maroko normalizovalo sv\u00e9 vztahy s Izraelem \u2013\u00a0<\/span>Biden<\/span><\/a>\u00a0zd\u011bdil stejnou kontroverzn\u00ed politiku.<\/span><\/p>\n

V dob\u011b, kdy jsem\u00a0<\/span>psal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee ot\u00e1zka tohoto sporn\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed byla v regionu rozd\u011bluj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed a jak\u00e9koli zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed mohlo podn\u00edtit ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00ed rozpory dokonce i mezi regionem Maghrebu a Africkou uni\u00ed ohledn\u011b Izraele a tak\u00e9 uvnit\u0159 Samotn\u00e1 oblast Maghrebu (mimo jin\u00e9 i ve vztaz\u00edch s \u017eidovsk\u00fdm st\u00e1tem). Dnes to plat\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vliv Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee na kontinentu jasn\u011b kles\u00e1, jak to bylo d\u00e1no jasn\u011b najevo jej\u00edmi ne\u00fasp\u011bchy v\u00a0<\/span>Nigeru<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, Mali a\u00a0<\/span>\u010cadu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, a Macron\u016fv posun je, m\u00edrn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, odv\u00e1\u017en\u00fd krok. Dokonce by se zd\u00e1lo, \u017ee Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e nem\u00e1 moc co z\u00edskat z agresivn\u00edho odcizen\u00ed Al\u017e\u00edrska, kter\u00e9 je potenci\u00e1ln\u00edm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm partnerem z hlediska migrace, lidsk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a region\u00e1ln\u00ed stability v kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 oblasti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Al\u017e\u00edrsko je druh\u00fdm nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm obchodn\u00edm partnerem Ruska na africk\u00e9m kontinentu a shodou okolnost\u00ed je tak\u00e9 jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch dovozc\u016f rusk\u00fdch zbran\u00ed na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ukazuje, \u017ee je schopna pragmaticky vyv\u00e1\u017eit sv\u00e9 vztahy s Moskvou i Evropou\u00a0<\/span>oboustrann\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u00fdm<\/span><\/a>\u00a0zp\u016fsobem pro evropsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty i samotn\u00e9 Al\u017e\u00edrsko, v\u010detn\u011b\u00a0<\/span>energetick\u00e9ho<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Z pohledu Z\u00e1padu agresivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup Francie ke slo\u017eit\u00e9 ot\u00e1zce Z\u00e1padn\u00ed Sahary p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k odcizen\u00ed takov\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9ho partnera.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak jsem\u00a0<\/span>napsal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0po\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 2023, Al\u017e\u00edrsko n\u011bjakou dobu tou\u017eilo st\u00e1t se kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm dodavatelem energie pro Evropu, zat\u00edmco jeho nap\u011bt\u00ed s Marokem pron\u00e1sleduje\u00a0<\/span>region<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. A\u0165 je to jakkoli, pro Evropu se z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed robustn\u00edch dod\u00e1vek energie ze severoafrick\u00fdch plynovod\u016f nikdy ve skute\u010dnosti pln\u011b neuskute\u010dnilo: v\u0161echny takov\u00e9 projekty se dosud \u010dasto zapletly do m\u00edstn\u00edch politick\u00fdch konflikt\u016f a\u00a0<\/span>z\u00e1padn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k energetick\u00fdm projekt\u016fm jak\u00e9hokoli africk\u00e9ho kontinentu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 notoricky zn\u00e1m\u00fd. pokryteck\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

Eskalace al\u017e\u00edrsko-marock\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt\u00a0<\/span>pro Evropu tak\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 dopady<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Macron\u016fv zahrani\u010dn\u011bpolitick\u00fd obrat, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed uzn\u00e1n\u00ed sporn\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed jako jak\u00e9si protislu\u017eby, ve skute\u010dnosti m\u00edstn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b zhor\u0161il, stejn\u011b jako rozhodnut\u00ed Donalda Trumpa ve stejn\u00e9 v\u011bci. Z pohledu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 popsat rozhodnut\u00ed obou v\u016fdc\u016f jako n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e z\u00e1padn\u00ed aroganci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD<\/a>, antropologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed a etnick\u00e9 konflikty<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Uprost\u0159ed francouzsko-al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00e9ho sporu ohledn\u011b ot\u00e1zky\u00a0Z\u00e1padn\u00ed Sahary\u00a0se rusk\u00fd syst\u00e9m balistick\u00fdch raket kr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho doletu Iskander-E poprv\u00e9 objevil…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":65594,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1092,1042,307,22],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65593"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65593"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65593\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/65594"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65593"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=65593"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=65593"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}