{"id":65480,"date":"2024-11-04T00:33:32","date_gmt":"2024-11-03T23:33:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=65480"},"modified":"2024-11-03T16:09:43","modified_gmt":"2024-11-03T15:09:43","slug":"plynova-krize-jeste-neskoncila-energeticka-bezpecnost-evropy-stoji-na-nejistych-zakladech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/11\/04\/plynova-krize-jeste-neskoncila-energeticka-bezpecnost-evropy-stoji-na-nejistych-zakladech\/","title":{"rendered":"Plynov\u00e1 krize je\u0161t\u011b neskon\u010dila \u2013 energetick\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost Evropy stoj\u00ed na nejist\u00fdch z\u00e1kladech"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><span>Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj na evropsk\u00e9m trhu s plynem vykresluje znepokojiv\u00fd obraz. Zat\u00edmco politi\u010dt\u00ed \u010dinitel\u00e9 p\u0159ed rokem ozn\u00e1mili konec plynov\u00e9 krize, sou\u010dasn\u00e1 realita ukazuje jinou situaci: navzdory pln\u00fdm z\u00e1sobn\u00edk\u016fm z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 Evropa zraniteln\u00e1.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Varovn\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly jsou jasn\u00e9. Minul\u00fd t\u00fdden evropsk\u00e9 referen\u010dn\u00ed ceny plynu dos\u00e1hly sv\u00e9ho\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/909271cd-7b5c-4f50-80bd-80869b565578\"><span>ro\u010dn\u00edho maxima<\/span><\/a><span> , co\u017e vyvolala ztr\u00e1ta produkce v Norsku. Nizozemsk\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pro p\u0159evod titul\u016f (TTF) se vy\u0161plhal na 43,68 eur za megawatthodinu \u2013 \u00farove\u0148, kter\u00e1 nebyla zaznamen\u00e1na od prosince 2023. Obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed je, \u017ee k tomuto cenov\u00e9mu skoku do\u0161lo navzdory t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00fapln\u00e9mu zapln\u011bn\u00ed evropsk\u00fdch z\u00e1sobn\u00edk\u016f plynu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Z\u00e1vislost na norsk\u00e9m plynu \u2013 v sou\u010dasnosti asi 30 procent pot\u0159eb EU \u2013 se ukazuje jako dvouse\u010dn\u00e1 zbra\u0148. Kdy\u017e musela st\u00e1tn\u00ed energetick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Equinor zastavit v\u00fdrobu na d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 platform\u011b kv\u016fli alarmu detektoru kou\u0159e, trhy okam\u017eit\u011b nerv\u00f3zn\u011b zareagovaly. Zat\u00edmco Equinor ujistil, \u017ee v\u00fdvozn\u00ed z\u00e1vazky nejsou ohro\u017eeny, incident odhalil k\u0159ehkou povahu evropsk\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti dod\u00e1vek.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ironi\u00ed situace jsou st\u00e1le zna\u010dn\u00e9 dod\u00e1vky rusk\u00e9ho plynu. P\u0159es ve\u0161kerou sank\u010dn\u00ed r\u00e9toriku z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 Rusko druh\u00fdm nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm dodavatelem plynu do EU.\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/ip_24_4581\"><span>Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0hovo\u0159\u00ed sama za sebe: rusk\u00fd pod\u00edl na dovozu plynu do EU klesl ze 45 procent v roce 2021 na st\u00e1le p\u016fsobiv\u00fdch 18 procent do \u010dervna 2024. To dokonce p\u0159evy\u0161uje tolik vychvalovan\u00e9 dod\u00e1vky do USA.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Evropsk\u00e1 komise se sna\u017e\u00ed prodat vynucen\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed popt\u00e1vky o 138 miliard metr\u016f krychlov\u00fdch mezi srpnem 2022 a kv\u011btnem 2024 jako \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh. Cena tohoto \u201ep\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu o \u00fasp\u011bchu\u201c je v\u0161ak vysok\u00e1: spole\u010dnosti se mus\u00ed zav\u0159\u00edt kv\u016fli raketov\u011b rostouc\u00edm n\u00e1klad\u016fm na energii a evropsk\u00e1 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 z\u00e1kladna eroduje.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Aby toho nebylo m\u00e1lo, Ukrajina ozn\u00e1mila, \u017ee neprodlou\u017e\u00ed smlouvu o tranzitu plynu s Ruskem. Tento plynovod je \u2013 vedle kapaln\u00e9ho plynu \u2013 posledn\u00ed zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159epravn\u00ed cestou rusk\u00e9ho plynu do EU. S \u00c1zerb\u00e1jd\u017e\u00e1nem\u00a0prob\u00edhaj\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2024-10-31\/european-gas-buyers-near-azeri-deal-to-maintain-ukraine-flows\"><span>o n\u00e1hradn\u00edch dod\u00e1vk\u00e1ch<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, ale i ty by dok\u00e1zaly zaplnit jen \u010d\u00e1st mezery a paradoxn\u011b by vy\u017eadovaly swapovou dohodu s Ruskem.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Kim Fustier, vedouc\u00ed evropsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu ropy a zemn\u00edho plynu v HSBC,\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2024-10-31\/europe-s-hair-trigger-gas-market-risks-lasting-beyond-the-winter\"><span>varuje<\/span><\/a><span> : Situace v oblasti dod\u00e1vek plynu v Evrop\u011b se m\u016f\u017ee v roce 2025 ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s rokem 2024 je\u0161t\u011b zhor\u0161it. V nejhor\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b existuje riziko, \u017ee \u00farove\u0148 skladov\u00e1n\u00ed klesne na kritick\u00fdch 30 procent &#8211; co\u017e je jasn\u00fd kontrast s pohodln\u00fdmi 58 procenty lo\u0148sk\u00e9 zimy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Nep\u0159\u00edjemnou pravdou je, \u017ee Evropa p\u0159e\u017eila posledn\u00ed dv\u011b zimy z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti d\u00edky m\u00edrn\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m. Udr\u017eiteln\u00e1 energetick\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost v\u0161ak nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt postavena na meteorologick\u00e9m \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed na nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed zimu nejsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 optimistick\u00e9. Tolik vychvalovan\u00e1 diverzifikace dod\u00e1vek plynu se ukazuje jako slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se o\u010dek\u00e1valo. Nov\u00e9 termin\u00e1ly LNG v USA potrvaj\u00ed roky, proto\u017ee celosv\u011btov\u00e1 konkurence o zkapaln\u011bn\u00fd zemn\u00ed plyn \u2013 zejm\u00e9na s Asi\u00ed \u2013 se st\u00e1le zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1. Evropsk\u00e1 plynov\u00e1 krize neskon\u010dila.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj na evropsk\u00e9m trhu s plynem vykresluje znepokojiv\u00fd obraz. Zat\u00edmco politi\u010dt\u00ed \u010dinitel\u00e9 p\u0159ed rokem&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25620,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[41,371,1008],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65480"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65480"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65480\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25620"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65480"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=65480"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=65480"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}