{"id":65398,"date":"2024-11-02T00:39:33","date_gmt":"2024-11-01T23:39:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=65398"},"modified":"2024-11-01T18:08:25","modified_gmt":"2024-11-01T17:08:25","slug":"zbynek-fiala-co-se-deje-s-cenami-potravin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/11\/02\/zbynek-fiala-co-se-deje-s-cenami-potravin\/","title":{"rendered":"Zbyn\u011bk Fiala: Co se d\u011bje s cenami potravin?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed Inflace se dr\u017e\u00ed u dvou procent, ale ceny potravin sk\u00e1\u010dou klidn\u011b skoro na dvojn\u00e1sobek. P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 to \u00fadiv pana profesora matematiky, kter\u00fd po letech potk\u00e1 sv\u00e9ho blb\u00e9ho \u017e\u00e1ka, jak vystupuje z mercedesu. \u010c\u00edm se \u017eiv\u00edte? Inu, obchodem. Koup\u00edm za sto, prod\u00e1m za dv\u011b st\u011b. To jedno procento mi sta\u010d\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Luxusn\u00ed potravina na p\u011bt? Tahle k\u0159\u00ed\u017eovka si jasn\u011b \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 o m\u00e1slo, opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b b\u011bduj\u00ed autorky na port\u00e1lu Pro\u017eeny.cz. Klidn\u011b stoj\u00ed i 70 korun za kostku, \u010dili 280 korun za kilo. To je zhruba spot\u0159eba za v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed sadu cukrov\u00ed pro rodinu s\u00a0odr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edmi \u017erouty v\u0161eho, co je po ruce.<\/p>\n

V\u0161ude se cituj\u00ed tvrzen\u00ed v\u00fdrobc\u016f, \u017ee na leto\u0161n\u00ed vysok\u00e9 cen\u011b se podepsala hlavn\u011b p\u0159\u00edroda. Tedy \u017ee \u2013 jak \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Ji\u0159\u00ed Kop\u00e1\u010dek, p\u0159edseda \u010ceskomoravsk\u00e9ho svazu ml\u00e9k\u00e1rensk\u00e9ho \u2013 v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b bylo horko, a tak kr\u00e1vy d\u00e1valy m\u00e9n\u011b ml\u00e9ka a k\u00a0tomu s\u00a0ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed tu\u010dnost\u00ed. A lidi d\u00e1vaj\u00ed tomu tu\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu ml\u00e9ku, jogurt\u016fm i s\u00fdr\u016fm st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji p\u0159ednost. Je to tedy kombinace nedostatku produkce a nadbytku popt\u00e1vky.<\/p>\n

Jen\u017ee cenov\u00e9 skoky potravin nejsou specialitou jen jednoho roku. Jist\u011b je tedy n\u011bkde k\u00a0dispozici i pest\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011br vysv\u011btlen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Dlouhodob\u00fd v\u00fdvoj cen potravin m\u016f\u017eeme sledovat na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch \u010cesk\u00e9ho statistick\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu, kter\u00fd nav\u00edc umo\u017e\u0148uje sestavovat cenov\u00e9 grafy polo\u017eek podle vlastn\u00edho v\u00fdb\u011bru.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/csu.gov.cz\/vyvoj-prumernych-cen-vybranych-potravin-2024<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0Graf \u010d. 1: Ceny m\u00e1sla<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Jinou v\u011bc\u00ed je, \u017ee nev\u00edme, jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi cenami, za kter\u00e9 dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed ml\u00e9k\u00e1rny \u0159et\u011bzc\u016fm a cenami na pultech pro spot\u0159ebitele. Tohle taky kolovalo v\u0161ude:<\/p>\n

N\u011bkdy se mluv\u00ed o\u00a0n\u00e1r\u016fstu cen ml\u00e9ka p\u0159\u00edmo od chovatel\u016f. \u201eTi ale maj\u00ed na ceny ml\u00e9ka, za kter\u00e9 sami prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed, jen omezen\u00fd vliv.\u00a0Cena tuzemsk\u00e9ho ml\u00e9ka se dlouhodob\u011b pohybuje pod evropsk\u00fdm pr\u016fm\u011brem, \u010desk\u00e9 ml\u00e9ko p\u0159itom dosahuje v\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm srovn\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f.<\/strong>\u00a0Vliv na cenu maj\u00ed i\u00a0jeho obsahov\u00e9 slo\u017eky\u00a0\u2013 tuk nebo b\u00edlkoviny, kter\u00fdch b\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 tiskov\u00e1 mluv\u010d\u00ed Agr\u00e1rn\u00ed komory \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky Barbora P\u00e1nkov\u00e1 a\u00a0dopl\u0148uje: \u201eZe statistik vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00a0obdob\u00ed od leto\u0161n\u00edho ledna do z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dodali chovatel\u00e9 do tuzemsk\u00fdch ml\u00e9k\u00e1ren v\u00edce ml\u00e9ka ne\u017e za stejn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed loni a\u00a0vyrobilo se tak\u00e9 v\u00edce tuku, kter\u00fd je pro produkci m\u00e1sla z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. Z\u00a0toho je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee\u00a0zem\u011bd\u011blci za aktu\u00e1ln\u011b drah\u00e9 m\u00e1slo skute\u010dn\u011b nemohou<\/strong>.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd tak tvrd\u00ed n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

Ve h\u0159e je tak\u00e9\u00a0navy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed mar\u017e\u00ed obchodn\u00edk\u016f<\/strong>, co\u017e uvedl i\u00a0mluv\u010d\u00ed Potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 komory Marek Zem\u00e1nek: \u201eProducenti v\u00a0z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed zvedli cenu m\u00e1sla v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru o\u00a015,8\u00a0koruny za kilogram kv\u016fli nedostatku ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9ho tuku na trhu, rostouc\u00ed v\u00fdkupn\u00ed cen\u011b ml\u00e9ka a\u00a0tak\u00e9 cen\u011b pr\u00e1ce. Obchodn\u00ed \u0159et\u011bzce ov\u0161em, na rozd\u00edl od v\u00fdrobc\u016f, z\u00a0m\u011bs\u00edce na m\u011bs\u00edc nav\u00fd\u0161ily u\u00a0m\u00e1sla svou obchodn\u00ed p\u0159ir\u00e1\u017eku, kter\u00e1 po ode\u010dten\u00ed DPH vych\u00e1z\u00ed na 26,93\u00a0koruny za kilogram.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Toto prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed ale okam\u017eit\u011b odm\u00edtl prezident Svazu obchodu a\u00a0cestovn\u00edho ruchu \u010cR Tom\u00e1\u0161 Prouza, kter\u00fd argumentoval t\u00edm, \u017ee mar\u017ee obchodn\u00edk\u016f na \u010dtvrtce m\u00e1sla je po ode\u010dten\u00ed DPH kolem 2,30\u00a0K\u010d.<\/em><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.prozeny.cz\/clanek\/radce-proc-je-maslo-tak-drahe-96627<\/a><\/p>\n

Co jsme se tedy dozv\u011bd\u011bli? Ml\u00e9ka bylo m\u00e9n\u011b a vyrobilo se m\u00e9n\u011b tuku a sou\u010dasn\u011b ml\u00e9ka bylo v\u00edce a vyrobilo se i v\u00edce tuku. Mar\u017ee obchodn\u00edk\u016f prudce vzrostly a sou\u010dasn\u011b jsou minim\u00e1ln\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Tak dob\u0159e, uka\u017ete n\u00e1m faktury!<\/p>\n

\u201eJe t\u0159eba si odkr\u00fdt karty, jen\u017ee to nikdo neud\u011bl\u00e1. A\u0165 p\u0159ijdou ze supermarket\u016f a a\u0165 v\u0161ichni \u0159eknou, za kolik nakupuj\u00ed. To na faktu\u0159e za posledn\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce p\u0159ece je, je tam uvedeno, kolik za tu\u010dn\u00e9 nebo polotu\u010dn\u00e9 ml\u00e9ko. Tak a\u0165 to lidem uk\u00e1\u017eou. A\u0165 zpracovatel nebo potravin\u00e1\u0159 \u0159ekne, za kolik to koupil od prvov\u00fdrobce, zem\u011bd\u011blce, a je to vy\u0159e\u0161eno,\u201c horuje Jaroslav \u0160\u00edma, p\u0159edseda p\u0159edstavenstva Oseck\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 a.s.\u00a0\u201eOv\u0161em jako by hr\u00e1ch na st\u011bnu h\u00e1zel nebo mluvil do dubu. K tomu se nikdy \u2013 opakuji nikdy \u2013 nedostaneme! To maj\u00ed v\u0161ichni mezi sebou zak\u00e1z\u00e1no \u0159\u00edkat. Nejd\u0159\u00edv se plk\u00e1, \u017ee markety maj\u00ed dv\u011b koruny na proviz\u00edch, jak \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Prouza, co\u017e je absolutn\u00ed, kolos\u00e1ln\u00ed nesmysl. Tak\u017ee d\u016fkazy v\u00a0podob\u011b faktur nem\u00e1me. A nikdo to neotev\u0159e. Ov\u0161em, bude se o tom neust\u00e1le pov\u00eddat,\u201c nebere si serv\u00edtky \u0160\u00edma.<\/em><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.parlamentnilisty.cz\/arena\/rozhovory\/-Ukazat-lidem-faktury-to-maji-zakazano-Pravda-o-drahem-masle-primo-z-branze-764116<\/a><\/p>\n

Jin\u00e9 ceny potravin byly dlouho st\u00e1lej\u0161\u00ed, tedy stoupaly pozvoln\u011bji. V\u00a0posledn\u00edm obdob\u00ed v\u0161ak taky za\u017eily cenov\u00fd skok. M\u016f\u017eeme v\u00a0tom hledat energetickou krizi, kter\u00e1 postihla prvov\u00fdrobce, zpracovatele i chlad\u00edc\u00ed boxy distributor\u016f.<\/p>\n

Horn\u00ed linii n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho grafu p\u0159edstavuje hov\u011bz\u00ed maso, ze kter\u00e9ho \u0161lo ustoupit t\u0159eba do sma\u017e\u00e1ku z eidamsk\u00e9ho s\u00fdra (zelen\u00e1 linie), kter\u00fd byl jednu chv\u00edli stejn\u011b drah\u00fd jako vep\u0159ov\u00e9 (spodn\u00ed linie). Na tom vep\u0159ov\u00e9m je p\u0159itom vid\u011bt i prase\u010d\u00ed cyklus, jak se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 vlivu popt\u00e1vky. Lidi kupuj\u00ed m\u00ed\u0148, cena kles\u00e1 a sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se chovy. Pak popt\u00e1vka vzroste, ale chovy se obnovuj\u00ed pomaleji, a ten rozd\u00edl tla\u010d\u00ed cenu vzh\u016fru.<\/p>\n

Graf \u010d. 2: Ceny hov\u011bz\u00edho, s\u00fdra a vep\u0159ov\u00e9ho<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Podobn\u00fd cyklus maj\u00ed i brambory, kter\u00e9 jsou i v\u00a0t\u011bch v\u00fdkyvech dlouhodob\u00e9 docela stabiln\u00ed. Prudce ale vzrostly ceny chleba a trochu o\u017eilo i pivo. Kdy\u017e si v\u0161ak jeho ceny d\u011bl\u00edte deseti, abyste se p\u0159es palec dostali ke srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0cenovou hladinou za tot\u00e1\u010de, je po\u0159\u00e1d v\u00fdrazn\u011b levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e tenkr\u00e1t. Drah\u00e9 jsou jen velk\u00e9 pivovary, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed velkou vyjedn\u00e1vac\u00ed s\u00edlu, a levn\u00e9 jsou ty men\u0161\u00ed, p\u0159esto\u017ee jejich pivo je \u010dasto mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Graf \u010d. 3: Ceny chleba, brambor a piva<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ot\u00e1zka, kdo m\u016f\u017ee za r\u016fst cen, tedy z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1. P\u0159ed \u010dty\u0159mi lety se to pokou\u0161ela zachytit \u010cesk\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed banka a dosp\u011bla k\u00a0n\u00e1zoru, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd si bere zhruba stejn\u011b \u010dili, kdy\u017e cena roste, dostanou v\u00edc prvov\u00fdrobci, zpracovatel\u00e9 i distribuce. Vid\u00edme to na grafu ze zpr\u00e1vy o inflaci ze za\u010d\u00e1tku\u00a0roku 2020, kdy do toho mo\u017en\u00e1 bylo l\u00e9pe vid\u011bt \u2013 nebo kdy zdroje \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b lhaly.<\/p>\n

Graf \u010d. 4: Pod\u00edly na cen\u00e1ch potravin<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.cnb.cz\/cs\/menova-politika\/zpravy-o-inflaci\/tematicke-prilohy-a-boxy\/Co-hybe-cenami-potravin<\/a><\/p>\n

Dal bych p\u0159ednost star\u0161\u00ed studii autor\u016f Pokorn\u00fd, Sej\u00e1k, Dejmal, kter\u00e1 \u0161la do hloubky a zjistila, \u017ee nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl ze zisku v\u00a0potravin\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed spolknou distributo\u0159i, zat\u00edmco zpracovatel\u00e9 jsou skromn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a prvov\u00fdrobci jsou br\u00e1ni u huby. Aby si nestlali v\u00a0rakvi, proto\u017ee do r\u00e1na stejn\u011b nevydr\u017e\u00ed, dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 dotace. Ty jsou zhruba stejn\u011b velk\u00e9 jako to, co spolknou distributo\u0159i. Tak\u017ee jde o dotace distributor\u016fm.<\/p>\n

Tak vypad\u00e1 pravda tak hol\u00e1, \u017ee ji na ve\u0159ejnosti rad\u011bji zakr\u00fdv\u00e1me.<\/p>\n

Zbyn\u011bk Fiala<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed Inflace se dr\u017e\u00ed u dvou procent, ale ceny potravin sk\u00e1\u010dou klidn\u011b skoro na dvojn\u00e1sobek….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19889,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1042,1907,45,750],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65398"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65398"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65398\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19889"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65398"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=65398"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=65398"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}