{"id":64983,"date":"2024-10-27T00:44:53","date_gmt":"2024-10-26T22:44:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=64983"},"modified":"2024-10-26T15:57:09","modified_gmt":"2024-10-26T13:57:09","slug":"produktivita-klesa-ve-vetsine-evropy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/10\/27\/produktivita-klesa-ve-vetsine-evropy\/","title":{"rendered":"Produktivita kles\u00e1 ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b Evropy"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Ekonomika se m\u00e1 zotavit, ale r\u016fst bude podle Alfreda Kammera, vedouc\u00edho evropsk\u00e9ho odd\u011blen\u00ed MMF, m\u00edrn\u00fd<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ekonomika EU neroste tak rychle, jak by mohla, a podle Alfreda Kammera, \u0159editele evropsk\u00e9ho odd\u011blen\u00ed MMF, je produktivita probl\u00e9mem v ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u010dlensk\u00e9 zemi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>MMF na za\u010d\u00e1tku tohoto t\u00fddne sd\u011blil sv\u016fj region\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomick\u00fd v\u00fdhled pro Evropu. Vypad\u00e1 to, \u017ee ekonomika EU se zotavuje, a\u010dkoli o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 tempo r\u016fstu HDP je letos a v roce 2025 pouze 1,7 %, oproti 1,5 % o rok d\u0159\u00edve.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>V koment\u00e1\u0159i ke zpr\u00e1v\u011b Kammer pouk\u00e1zal na t\u0159i faktory, kter\u00e9 br\u00e1n\u00ed EU.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span>\u201eZa prv\u00e9, evropsk\u00e9 trhy jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 na to, aby poskytly firm\u00e1m pot\u0159ebn\u00fd rozsah k r\u016fstu. Zadruh\u00e9, Evropa nem\u00e1 nedostatek \u00faspor, ale jej\u00ed kapit\u00e1lov\u00e9 trhy neposkytuj\u00ed podporu pro mlad\u00e9 a produktivn\u00ed firmy. Nav\u00edc Evrop\u011b chyb\u00ed kvalifikovan\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed s\u00edla tam, kde je pot\u0159eba,\u201c<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u0159ekl.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Kammer \u0159ekl, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161inu t\u011bchto probl\u00e9m\u016f vy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed odstran\u011bn\u00ed zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek voln\u00e9ho pohybu zbo\u017e\u00ed, slu\u017eeb, kapit\u00e1lu a pracovn\u00edch sil po cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>P\u0159edstavitel MMF tak\u00e9 pouk\u00e1zal na 30% rozd\u00edl v p\u0159\u00edjmech na hlavu mezi EU a USA, kter\u00fd ozna\u010dil za\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201eohromuj\u00edc\u00ed\u201c.<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u201e Z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1\u00a0<\/span><em><span>beze zm\u011bny u\u017e dv\u011b desetilet\u00ed,\u201c<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0posteskl si. To je \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zp\u016fsobeno n\u00edzkou produktivitou ve st\u0159edn\u00ed, v\u00fdchodn\u00ed a jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b (CESEE). Tyto zem\u011b se p\u0159ipojily k bloku v roce 2000 a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b mohou za to, \u017ee zaost\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Kramer tak\u00e9 \u0159ekl, \u017ee hlavn\u00edm d\u016fvodem, pro\u010d si Evropa vede \u0161patn\u011b, je\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201eskute\u010dn\u011b velk\u00fd \u0161ok z cen energi\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00fd Ruskem, kter\u00fdm Evropa proch\u00e1z\u00ed\u201c,<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e N\u011bmecko je nejv\u00edce posti\u017eeno kv\u016fli jeho energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrob\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pot\u00e9, co se v \u00fanoru 2022 vyhrotil ukrajinsk\u00fd konflikt, si EU stanovila jako hlavn\u00ed prioritu p\u0159estat spol\u00e9hat na ruskou energii. Sankce na Moskvu a sabot\u00e1\u017e plynovod\u016f Nord Stream v roce 2022 vedly k velk\u00e9mu poklesu rusk\u00fdch dod\u00e1vek plynu do bloku.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Odm\u00edtnut\u00ed Bruselu nakupovat ruskou energii brzd\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd r\u016fst EU, \u0159ekl v \u0159\u00edjnu ma\u010farsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r Viktor Orb\u00e1n. N\u011bkter\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b EU, jako Ma\u010farsko, Rakousko, Slovensko, \u010cesk\u00e1 republika a It\u00e1lie, st\u00e1le dov\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed rusk\u00fd plynovod.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>MMF ned\u00e1vno zv\u00fd\u0161il progn\u00f3zu r\u016fstu Ruska pro rok 2024 z 3,2 % na 3,6 %. Rusko tak\u00e9 za\u0159adilo jako \u010dtvrtou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ekonomiku sv\u011bta podle parity kupn\u00ed s\u00edly (PPP).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Fond v\u0161ak tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee rusk\u00e1 ekonomika tla\u010d\u00ed proti kapacitn\u00edm omezen\u00edm a jej\u00edmu p\u0159eh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. Podle Kramera se Rusko bude muset v dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu v d\u016fsledku sankc\u00ed vypo\u0159\u00e1dat s men\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtem transfer\u016f technologi\u00ed a slab\u0161\u00ed schopnost\u00ed p\u0159il\u00e1kat financov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Prezident Vladimir Putin na za\u010d\u00e1tku tohoto roku prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee rusk\u00e1 ekonomika je v dobr\u00e9 kondici a rychle expanduje navzdory tlaku ze strany z\u00e1padn\u00edch sankc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ekonomika se m\u00e1 zotavit, ale r\u016fst bude podle Alfreda Kammera, vedouc\u00edho evropsk\u00e9ho odd\u011blen\u00ed MMF, m\u00edrn\u00fd&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":529,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[59,41,1504,8112],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64983"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=64983"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64983\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/529"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=64983"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=64983"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=64983"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}