{"id":64893,"date":"2024-10-25T04:42:22","date_gmt":"2024-10-25T02:42:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=64893"},"modified":"2024-10-25T04:42:22","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T02:42:22","slug":"usa-se-zoufale-snazi-dohnat-naskok-v-oblasti-hypersoniky-a-recykluji-neuspesne-zbrojni-programy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/10\/25\/usa-se-zoufale-snazi-dohnat-naskok-v-oblasti-hypersoniky-a-recykluji-neuspesne-zbrojni-programy\/","title":{"rendered":"USA se zoufale sna\u017e\u00ed dohnat n\u00e1skok v oblasti hypersoniky a recykluj\u00ed ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 zbrojn\u00ed programy"},"content":{"rendered":"
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P\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e deseti lety byla v\u011bt\u0161ina vojensk\u00fdch expert\u016f p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dena, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty jsou \u0161pi\u010dkou v oblasti hypersonick\u00fdch zbran\u00ed. Americk\u00fd vojensko-pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd komplex (MIC) ne\u00fastupn\u011b podce\u0148oval rusk\u00fd pokrok, zejm\u00e9na pokud jde o syst\u00e9m \u201eIskander\u201c, jeho\u017e rakety 9M723 byly prvn\u00edmi pozemn\u00edmi hypersonick\u00fdmi zbran\u011bmi, ale st\u00e1le byly obvykle uv\u00e1d\u011bny jako kvazi balistick\u00e9 st\u0159ely.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ukrajinsk\u00fd konflikt organizovan\u00fd NATO prok\u00e1zal vysokou man\u00e9vrovatelnost a rychlost zbran\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch raketov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem \u201eIskander-M\u201c, co\u017e nade v\u0161\u00ed pochybnost dokazuje, \u017ee\u00a0Moskva je ve v\u00fdvoji a nasazen\u00ed hypersonick\u00fdch zbran\u00ed zhruba o 15-20 let nap\u0159ed<\/a>. Naproti tomu se zd\u00e1, \u017ee snaha Washingtonu zesm\u011b\u0161nit rusk\u00e9 pokroky m\u00e1 \u201ekarmick\u00fd\u201c \u00fa\u010dinek na jeho vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdkonnost, nebo\u0165 Pentagon v posledn\u00edch zhruba deseti letech proch\u00e1z\u00ed jedn\u00edm trapn\u00fdm selh\u00e1n\u00edm za druh\u00fdm.<\/p>\n

Snaha o\u010dernit protivn\u00edka prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm mainstreamov\u00e9 propagandistick\u00e9 ma\u0161in\u00e9rie<\/a>\u00a0v\u0161ak jeho technologick\u00fd pokrok ve skute\u010dn\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b nezpomal\u00ed. Jist\u011b by je to mohlo znemo\u017enit (i kdy\u017e ne mimo politick\u00fd Z\u00e1pad), ale nic v\u00edc. P\u0159esto to USA d\u011blaly d\u00e1l. Pon\u011bkud uboh\u00e1 tvrzen\u00ed mainstreamov\u00e9 propagandistick\u00e9 ma\u0161in\u00e9rie, \u017ee\u00a0Rusko \u00fadajn\u011b \u201eukradlo\u201c neexistuj\u00edc\u00ed americk\u00e9 hypersonick\u00e9 technologie<\/a>, byla o to sm\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, o\u010d v\u00edce se za\u010daly hromadit ne\u00fasp\u011bchy Pentagonu p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji jedin\u00e9 funk\u010dn\u00ed zbran\u011b. Navzdory tomu, \u017ee USA spustily a\u017e tucet program\u016f hypersonick\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, nemaj\u00ed nic, \u010d\u00edm by se mohly pochlubit. V b\u0159eznu lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku\u00a0se situace zm\u011bnila k hor\u0161\u00edmu po zru\u0161en\u00ed programu AGM-183A<\/a>, st\u0159ely odpalovan\u00e9 ze vzduchu nesouc\u00ed hypersonick\u00fd klouzav\u00fd nosi\u010d (HGV). St\u0159ela, ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 jako ARRW (Air-Launched Rapid Response Weapon), m\u011bla b\u00fdt vstupn\u00edm bodem USA do vysoce exkluzivn\u00edho \u201ehypersonick\u00e9ho klubu\u201c.<\/p>\n

T\u00edm v\u0161ak ne\u00fasp\u011bchy americk\u00e9ho MIC neskon\u010dily. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b se projevila jeho\u00a0neschopnost vyr\u00e1b\u011bt i relativn\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00ed zbran\u011b<\/a>\u00a0(vzhledem k postaven\u00ed americk\u00e9 supervelmoci), co\u017e vedlo k dal\u0161\u00edm trapn\u00fdm epizod\u00e1m, jako byly\u00a0neust\u00e1l\u00e9 pr\u016ftahy a technologick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my s v\u00fdvojem ICBM<\/a>\u00a0( mezikontinent\u00e1ln\u00edch balistick\u00fdch raket).<\/p>\n

A p\u0159esto bylo vzhledem ke geopolitick\u00e9 presti\u017ei nasazen\u00ed hypersonick\u00fdch zbran\u00ed pro Washington DC d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby\u00a0za\u010dal potla\u010dovat informace o ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161\u00edch sv\u00fdch program\u016f<\/a>, co\u017e je d\u016fvod, pro\u010d st\u00e1le nem\u00e1me ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed potvrzen\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edho testu.\u00a0Ji\u017e jsem tvrdil, \u017ee s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed selhal<\/a>, a i kdy\u017e definitivn\u00ed d\u016fkazy st\u00e1le nejsou, n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti tuto p\u0159edstavu pos\u00edlily. Nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odhalen\u00ed o americk\u00fdch z\u00e1m\u011brech t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se o\u017eiven\u00ed ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch program\u016f vlastn\u011b slou\u017e\u00ed jako p\u0159\u00edklad. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o to, \u017ee ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 st\u0159ela AGM-183A s bojovou hlavic\u00ed HGV by mohla b\u00fdt skute\u010dn\u011b znovu spu\u0161t\u011bna.<\/p>\n

ARRW (obvykle se \u010dte jako \u201e\u0161\u00edp\u201c), p\u0159ezd\u00edvan\u00e1 (prozat\u00edm) b\u00fdval\u00fdm prezidentem Donaldem Trumpem \u201eSuper-Duper\u201c, \u00fadajn\u011b za\u0161la ve v\u00fdvoji a testov\u00e1n\u00ed nejd\u00e1le, alespo\u0148 podle\u00a0War Zone<\/a>. Zbra\u0148 v\u0161ak jednodu\u0161e nesta\u010dila ani na severokorejsk\u00e9 a \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 konstrukce, nato\u017e na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 (o rusk\u00fdch pokroc\u00edch ani nemluv\u011b, proto\u017ee ty stoj\u00ed ve sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed lize). Vojensk\u00e9 zdroje uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee nejistota ohledn\u011b budoucnosti AGM-183A se koncem z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b prohloubila, proto\u017ee americk\u00e9 letectvo poskytlo spole\u010dnosti Lockheed Martin dodate\u010dn\u00e9 prost\u0159edky ve v\u00fd\u0161i 13,4 milionu dolar\u016f na v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 a v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce na ofici\u00e1ln\u011b zru\u0161en\u00e9m programu. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b krom\u011b zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho vyhozen\u00ed ji\u017e v b\u0159eznu 2023 (ofici\u00e1ln\u011b kv\u016fli \u201ebl\u00ed\u017ee nespecifikovan\u00fdm technick\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm\u201c) do\u0161lo ke kr\u00e1tk\u00e9mu o\u017eiven\u00ed (by\u0165 neofici\u00e1ln\u00edmu), a to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kv\u016fli opakovan\u00fdm ne\u00fasp\u011bch\u016fm jin\u00fdch program\u016f. Financov\u00e1n\u00ed letounu AGM-183A v\u0161ak bylo v b\u0159eznu 2024 je\u0161t\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eeno.<\/p>\n

T\u00edm se fakticky jednalo o druh\u00e9 zru\u0161en\u00ed projektu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da sl\u00edbila, \u017ee se p\u0159esune k jin\u00fdm program\u016fm. St\u0159ela se je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bla v asijsko-pacifick\u00e9m regionu v r\u00e1mci \u201edemonstrace s\u00edly\u201c Severn\u00ed Koreji a \u010c\u00edn\u011b, ale t\u00edm se prakticky ni\u010deho nedos\u00e1hlo, proto\u017ee\u00a0skute\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky tamn\u00edho zku\u0161ebn\u00edho startu nebyly nikdy zve\u0159ejn\u011bny<\/a>\u00a0(co\u017e nazna\u010duje dal\u0161\u00ed ne\u00fasp\u011bch), zat\u00edmco\u00a0Severn\u00ed Korea i \u00cdr\u00e1n prok\u00e1zaly, \u017ee tyto st\u0159ely mohou vyr\u00e1b\u011bt a nasazovat<\/a>\u00a0(p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e existuj\u00ed solidn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy, \u017ee\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1n skute\u010dn\u011b pou\u017eil svou vlastn\u00ed v boji<\/a>).<\/p>\n

A p\u0159esto\u017ee se na pap\u00ed\u0159e jist\u011b jedn\u00e1 o schopnou zbra\u0148, program AGM-183A je bu\u010f velmi \u0161patn\u011b proveden\u00fd (v nejlep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b), nebo USA jednodu\u0161e nemaj\u00ed technologii pro nasazen\u00ed takov\u00fdch zbran\u00ed. Zbra\u0148 nese hlavici HGV, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nosi\u010d by m\u011bl b\u00fdt t\u00edm nejmen\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mem Pentagonu, ale zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee i tato relativn\u011b jednoduch\u00e1 technologie je nep\u0159ekonatelnou p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou, co\u017e vede k opakovan\u00fdm selh\u00e1n\u00edm a v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9mu p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f.<\/p>\n

Samotn\u00fd HGV je nejslo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed technologickou v\u00fdzvou, proto\u017ee vy\u017eaduje prvot\u0159\u00eddn\u00ed znalosti jak o raketov\u00e9 technice, tak o hypersonick\u00e9m klouz\u00e1n\u00ed (letu bez pohonu). Udr\u017een\u00ed tak obrovsk\u00e9 rychlosti za dan\u00fdch podm\u00ednek je velkou p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou, zejm\u00e9na proto, \u017ee tradi\u010dn\u00ed balistick\u00e9 st\u0159ely p\u0159i dal\u0161\u00edm letu st\u00e1le ztr\u00e1cej\u00ed hybnost. HGV jsou v\u0161ak schopny pomoc\u00ed sv\u00fdch vysoce pokro\u010dil\u00fdch vztlakov\u00fdch ploch nejen udr\u017eovat hypersonickou rychlost, ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159i n\u00ed man\u00e9vrovat.<\/p>\n

Rusko tuto technologii zvl\u00e1dlo b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho programu \u201eAvangard\u201c<\/a>\u00a0(d\u0159\u00edve zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho tak\u00e9 jako Yu-71 a Yu-74), kter\u00fd dosahuje ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed rychlosti a\u017e Mach 28 (t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 10 km\/s nebo v\u00edce ne\u017e 33 000 km\/h), stejn\u011b jako mezikontinent\u00e1ln\u00edho doletu (6 000+ a\u017e 18 000 km), co\u017e z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed jedinou strategickou hypersonickou zbra\u0148 na sv\u011bt\u011b. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd ARRW m\u00e1 b\u00fdt opera\u010dn\u00edm ekvivalentem syst\u00e9m\u016f 9-A-7660 \u201eKinzhal\u201c vyzbrojen\u00fdch hypersonick\u00fdmi st\u0159elami 9-S-7760 odpalovan\u00fdmi ze vzduchu.<\/p>\n

Pentagon vychvaloval AGM-183A jako \u00fadajn\u011b \u201epokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00ed\u201c zbra\u0148 ne\u017e \u201eKinzhal\u201c. Av\u0161ak zat\u00edmco druh\u00e1 jmenovan\u00e1 zbra\u0148 nejen\u017ee existuje, ale tak\u00e9\u00a0prok\u00e1zala sv\u00e9 schopnosti v boji<\/a>, \u010demu\u017e se raketa vyroben\u00e1 v USA nem\u016f\u017ee rovnat ani ve vysoce kontrolovan\u00e9m testovac\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Tento r\u00e1doby \u201egame changer\u201c m\u011bl americk\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b poskytnout \u201ebezprecedentn\u00ed \u00fadern\u00e9 mo\u017enosti\u201c a m\u011bl b\u00fdt nesen jak strategick\u00fdmi letouny, jako jsou bombard\u00e9ry B-52, tak i taktick\u00fdmi st\u00edha\u010dkami, jako je F-15. Opakovan\u00e1 selh\u00e1n\u00ed Pentagonu v\u0161ak vedla ke st\u00e1le ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmu financov\u00e1n\u00ed. Dlouho se o\u010dek\u00e1valo, \u017ee p\u016fjde o prvn\u00ed hypersonickou zbra\u0148 v jak\u00e9mkoli z\u00e1padn\u00edm arzen\u00e1lu, jej\u00ed \u201eproblematick\u00e9\u201c v\u00fdsledky testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak donutily USAF hledat alternativy.\u00a0Spekuluje se dokonce o tom, \u017ee prost\u0159edky programu se p\u0159etvo\u0159\u00ed v jin\u00fd, nazvan\u00fd Tactical Boost Glide (TBG)<\/a>, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee zbra\u0148 bude m\u00edt s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed mnohem krat\u0161\u00ed dolet ne\u017e pl\u00e1novan\u00fd AGM-183A.<\/p>\n

Tu m\u011bly n\u00e9st bombard\u00e9ry B-52, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se po\u010d\u00edtalo i s integrac\u00ed do nov\u00fdch st\u00edha\u010dek F-15EX, jedin\u00fdch z\u00e1padn\u00edch taktick\u00fdch letoun\u016f schopn\u00fdch nasadit takto velk\u00e9 st\u0159ely. Pokud v\u0161ak bude m\u00edt TBG nakonec skromn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vlastnosti (co\u017e samotn\u00fd n\u00e1zev jist\u011b nazna\u010duje), mohla by b\u00fdt tato st\u0159ela nesena i jin\u00fdmi taktick\u00fdmi st\u00edha\u010dkami, za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee se n\u011bkdy dostane do v\u00fdzbroje.<\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b u\u017e samotn\u00fd fakt, \u017ee\u00a0USA v\u00e1\u017en\u011b uva\u017euj\u00ed o recyklaci programu ARRW<\/a>, kter\u00fd byl ji\u017e dvakr\u00e1t zru\u0161en kv\u016fli p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00fdm n\u00e1klad\u016fm, nespolehlivosti, opakovan\u00fdm ne\u00fasp\u011bch\u016fm p\u0159i testech, nedostate\u010dn\u00e9mu pokroku p\u0159i zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed konstrukce atd. je velmi v\u00fdmluvn\u00fd. Jeliko\u017e v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed programy selhaly, USA se nyn\u00ed zoufale sna\u017e\u00ed alespo\u0148 vyrovnat d\u0159\u00edve zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm region\u00e1ln\u00edm mocnostem, jako je Severn\u00ed Korea a \u00cdr\u00e1n. Nav\u00edc druh\u00fd jmenovan\u00fd velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b\u00a0poskytl sv\u00e9 hypersonick\u00e9 rakety i spojenc\u016fm na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b<\/a>\u00a0(konkr\u00e9tn\u011b v Jemenu) , \u010d\u00edm\u017e americkou ostudu je\u0161t\u011b zhor\u0161il.<\/p>\n

Drago Bosnic,<\/strong> nez\u00e1visl\u00fd geopolitick\u00fd a vojensk\u00fd analytik<\/p>\n

\n

Desperate to catch up in hypersonics, US recycles failed weapons programs<\/a> vy\u0161el 21.10.2024 na infobrics.org. P\u0159eklad\u00a0Zvedavec.org<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e deseti lety byla v\u011bt\u0161ina vojensk\u00fdch expert\u016f p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dena, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty jsou \u0161pi\u010dkou…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":64894,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1529,39,37,338],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64893"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=64893"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64893\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=64893"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=64893"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=64893"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}