{"id":64682,"date":"2024-10-22T00:42:05","date_gmt":"2024-10-21T22:42:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=64682"},"modified":"2024-10-21T17:33:51","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T15:33:51","slug":"summit-brics-v-rusku-vektor-smerem-k-multipolarnimu-svetu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/10\/22\/summit-brics-v-rusku-vektor-smerem-k-multipolarnimu-svetu\/","title":{"rendered":"Summit BRICS v Rusku – vektor sm\u011brem k multipol\u00e1rn\u00edmu sv\u011btu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Od 22. do 24. \u0159\u00edjna 2024 se v Kazani<\/strong> uskute\u010dn\u00ed XVI. summit BRICS<\/strong>, b\u011bhem kter\u00e9ho budou l\u00edd\u0159i nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00edch se ekonomik sv\u011bta diskutovat o aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomiky, bezpe\u010dnosti a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce. BRICS (Braz\u00edlie, Rusko, Indie, \u010c\u00edna, Jihoafrick\u00e1 republika)<\/strong> – organizace, kter\u00e1 po t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dv\u011b desetilet\u00ed vykazuje v\u00fdznamn\u00fd r\u016fst a posilov\u00e1n\u00ed vlivu, nad\u00e1le aktivn\u011b roz\u0161i\u0159uje sv\u00e9 obzory, p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 nov\u00e9 \u010dleny a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed alternativu k unipol\u00e1rn\u00edmu sv\u011btu ovl\u00e1dan\u00e9mu z\u00e1padn\u00edmi mocnostmi.<\/p>\n

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BRICS<\/strong> – alternativa k uni<\/u>pol\u00e1rn\u00edmu sv\u011btu<\/u> – proto jedn\u00edm z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch moment\u016f summitu v roce 2024<\/strong> bude dal\u0161\u00ed diskuse o multipol\u00e1rn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b. Toto sdru\u017een\u00ed se od sam\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00e1tku sv\u00e9 existence sna\u017e\u00ed vytvo\u0159it platformu pro nez\u00e1visl\u00fd rozvoj \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed a poskytnout jim v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed politickou a ekonomickou suverenitu. BRICS <\/strong>byl zalo\u017een na principech nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 suverenity, svrchovan\u00e9 rovnosti st\u00e1t\u016f, dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a z\u00e1kladn\u00edch svobod a sv\u011bdomit\u00e9ho pln\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1vazk\u016f v\u00a0souladu mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm pr\u00e1vem.<\/p>\n

Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm na dev\u011bt zem\u00ed v roce 2024<\/strong> o Egypt<\/strong>, Etiopii<\/strong>, \u00cdr\u00e1n<\/strong>, Spojen\u00e9 arabsk\u00e9 emir\u00e1ty <\/strong>a Egypt<\/strong> se glob\u00e1ln\u00ed vliv BRICS <\/strong>v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161il. To potvrzuje ambice tohoto sdru\u017een\u00ed hr\u00e1t kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztaz\u00edch t\u00edm, \u017ee rozvojov\u00fdm zem\u00edm poskytne alternativu k z\u00e1padn\u00ed politice dominance.<\/p>\n

O BRICS<\/strong> nav\u00edc nad\u00e1le projevuj\u00ed z\u00e1jem nov\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, jako je Al\u017e\u00edrsko<\/strong>, Bahrajn<\/strong>, Banglad\u00e9\u0161<\/strong>, B\u011blorusko<\/strong>, Bol\u00edvie<\/strong>, Venezuela<\/strong>, Vietnam<\/strong>, Kuba<\/strong>, Honduras<\/strong>, Kazachst\u00e1n<\/strong>, Kuvajt<\/strong>, Maroko<\/strong>, Nig\u00e9rie<\/strong>, Palestina<\/strong>, Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie<\/strong>, Senegal<\/strong>, Thajsko<\/strong> a Turecko<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

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Rostouc\u00ed vliv<\/strong> zem\u00ed BRICS<\/strong> potvrzuj\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 ukazatele. Zem\u011b BRICS<\/strong> spole\u010dn\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 25% sv\u011btov\u00e9ho HDP a s nov\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edky p\u0159es\u00e1hl pod\u00edl tohoto bloku na sv\u011btov\u00e9m trhu s ropou 40%. V souvislosti s obnoviteln\u00fdmi zdroji energie jsou \u010dlenov\u00e9 BRICS<\/strong> l\u00eddry, nebo\u0165 produkuj\u00ed a spot\u0159ebov\u00e1vaj\u00ed 75% sv\u011btov\u00e9ho uhl\u00ed a p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 40% zemn\u00edho plynu. Tyto \u00fadaje zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed roli BRICS<\/strong> p\u0159i utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed energetick\u00e9 politiky, co\u017e je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v souvislosti s energetickou transformac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jedn\u00edm z nejdiskutovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch t\u00e9mat summitu<\/strong> v roce 2024 bude rozvoj hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce mezi zem\u011bmi BRICS<\/strong>. V posledn\u00edm desetilet\u00ed BRICS<\/strong> posiluje svou pozici jako jedn\u00e9 z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch sv\u011btov\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch alianc\u00ed a p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 iniciativy k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch a obchodn\u00edch mechanism\u016f, kter\u00e9 by se mohly st\u00e1t alternativou k z\u00e1padn\u00edm syst\u00e9m\u016fm.<\/p>\n

Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost<\/strong> je v\u011bnov\u00e1na ot\u00e1zce zaveden\u00ed nov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu plateb mezi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi. O vytvo\u0159en\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 m\u011bny BRICS<\/strong> se diskutuje ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let, ale k jej\u00edmu zaveden\u00ed zat\u00edm nedo\u0161lo. Je to proto, \u017ee \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 zaveden\u00ed jednotn\u00e9 m\u011bny vy\u017eaduje hlubokou ekonomickou a politickou integraci, odstran\u011bn\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch obchodn\u00edch bari\u00e9r a vytvo\u0159en\u00ed jednotn\u00e9 m\u011bnov\u00e9 politiky. Vzhledem ke zna\u010dn\u00fdm rozd\u00edl\u016fm v ekonomick\u00fdch modelech \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed bude dosa\u017een\u00ed t\u011bchto c\u00edl\u016f v kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9m horizontu obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n

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\u010c\u00edna, Indie a Rusko<\/strong> v\u0161ak usiluj\u00ed o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed alternativn\u00edho platebn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd by umo\u017e\u0148oval pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edch m\u011bn zem\u00ed BRICS<\/strong>, jako\u017e i digit\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bn a finan\u010dn\u00edch aktiv. Takov\u00fd syst\u00e9m by mohl v\u00fdrazn\u011b usnadnit obchod mezi \u010dleny BRICS<\/strong>, sn\u00ed\u017eit z\u00e1vislost na americk\u00e9m dolaru<\/u> a podpo\u0159it hospod\u00e1\u0159skou aktivitu v r\u00e1mci BRICS<\/strong>. Tento n\u00e1vrh odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed zem\u00ed BRICS<\/strong> vytvo\u0159it multipol\u00e1rn\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed infrastrukturu a vytvo\u0159it podm\u00ednky pro voln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obchod mezi \u010dleny.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm t\u00e9matem summitu<\/strong> bude prohlouben\u00ed politick\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce mezi z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi. BRICS<\/strong> byl p\u016fvodn\u011b zalo\u017een na my\u0161lence vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho respektov\u00e1n\u00ed suverenity a rovnocenn\u00e9ho partnerstv\u00ed a tato my\u0161lenka z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 dodnes. Summit v Rusku bude slou\u017eit jako platforma pro diskusi o ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a stability, zejm\u00e9na na pozad\u00ed prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edch glob\u00e1ln\u00edch kriz\u00ed a konflikt\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u00da\u010dast<\/strong> v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch politick\u00fdch p\u0159edstavitel\u016f, jako jsou \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd prezident<\/strong> Si \u0164in-pching, indick\u00fd premi\u00e9r<\/strong> Nar\u00e9ndra M\u00f3d\u00ed, etiopsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r<\/strong> Abiy Ahmed, arm\u00e9nsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r<\/strong> Nikol Pa\u0161injan, tureck\u00fd prezident<\/strong> Recep Tayyip Erdogan, jihoafrick\u00fd prezident<\/strong> Cyril Ramaphosa, brazilsk\u00fd prezident<\/strong> Lula da Silva, \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fd prezident<\/strong> Mas\u00fad Peze\u0161kjan, b\u011blorusk\u00fd prezident<\/strong> Alexandr Luka\u0161enko, mongolsk\u00fd prezident<\/strong> Ukhnaagiin Kh\u00fcrelsukh, egyptsk\u00fd prezident<\/strong> Abdal Fatt\u00e1h S\u00eds\u00ed, prezident Spojen\u00fdch arabsk\u00fdch emir\u00e1t\u016f<\/strong> Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, sa\u00fadskoarabsk\u00fd korunn\u00ed princ<\/strong> Mohammed bin Salman Al Saud, dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 v\u00e1\u017enost z\u00e1m\u011br\u016f z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch zem\u00ed pos\u00edlit svou roli na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u011b. To sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o rostouc\u00edm vlivu BRICS<\/strong> a jeho atraktivit\u011b pro zem\u011b glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu.<\/p>\n

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Krom\u011b toho bude summit<\/strong> m\u00edstem<\/strong> pro diskusi o spole\u010densko-ekonomick\u00e9m rozvoji \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Rusko<\/strong> a Indie navrhly vytvo\u0159en\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 asociace BRICS<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 by mohla b\u00fdt obdobou Sv\u011btov\u00e9 zdravotnick\u00e9 organizace (WHO). Tato iniciativa je zam\u011b\u0159ena na rozvoj l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce a v\u00fdm\u011bnu zku\u0161enost\u00ed ve zdravotnictv\u00ed mezi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi.<\/p>\n

V roce 2024<\/strong> se BRICS<\/strong> nad\u00e1le prosazuje jako glob\u00e1ln\u00ed <\/u>politick<\/u>\u00fd hr\u00e1\u010d<\/u>, kter<\/u>\u00fd je scho<\/u>pen z<\/u>poch<\/u>ybnit he<\/u>gemonii zem\u00ed<\/u>, kter\u00e9 se dr\u017e\u00ed m<\/u>y\u0161lenk<\/u>y uni<\/u>pol\u00e1rn\u00edho sv\u011bta<\/u>. Sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o tom nejen rostouc\u00ed po\u010det \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed a kandid\u00e1t\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 rostouc\u00ed snahy rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00ed o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed vlastn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f a instituc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 budou alternativou k z\u00e1padn\u00edm struktur\u00e1m, jako jsou MMF a Sv\u011btov\u00e1 banka.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Americk\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> The Foreign Affairs<\/strong> poznamenalo, \u017ee budoucnost BRICS<\/strong> m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed pro sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d a tento blok je jednou z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch sil, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee pomoci vytvo\u0159it nov\u00fd multipol\u00e1rn\u00ed sv\u011bt. \u201eDemont\u00e1\u017e<\/strong> hegemonie USA je nevyhnuteln\u00e1\u201c<\/strong> – p\u00ed\u0161e \u010dasopis a zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee Washington riskuje, \u017ee od sebe odtrhne Indii a Braz\u00edlii, pokud bude nad\u00e1le ignorovat touhu rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00ed po nez\u00e1vislej\u0161\u00ed politice.<\/p>\n

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Je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 poznamenat<\/strong>, \u017ee BRICS<\/strong> se aktivn\u011b pod\u00edl\u00ed na reform\u011b mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch instituc\u00ed. V posledn\u00edch letech \u010dlensk\u00e9 zem\u011b prosazuj\u00ed my\u0161lenku reformy OSN a jej\u00ed Rady bezpe\u010dnosti<\/strong> s c\u00edlem poskytnout rozvojov\u00fdm zem\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vliv. Tato iniciativa zd\u016fraz\u0148uje snahu BRICS<\/strong> vytvo\u0159it spravedliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a multipol\u00e1rn\u00ed sv\u011bt.<\/p>\n

XVI<\/strong> Summit BRICS v Rusku v roce 2024<\/strong> nab\u00edz\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti pro zem\u011b, kter\u00e9 usiluj\u00ed o nez\u00e1visl\u00fd a suver\u00e9nn\u00ed rozvoj, co\u017e je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch rostouc\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed nestability.<\/p>\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 republika<\/strong> jako zem\u011b Evropsk\u00e9 unie, kter\u00e1 se pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s ekonomick\u00fdmi pot\u00ed\u017eemi kv\u016fli sankc\u00edm proti Rusku a s t\u00edm souvisej\u00edc\u00edm obchodn\u00edm a energetick\u00fdm omezen\u00edm, by m\u011blo v\u011bnovat pozornost rostouc\u00edmu vlivu BRICS.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Sank\u010dn\u00ed politika, kter\u00e1 po\u0161kodila \u010desk\u00fd exportn\u00ed a energetick\u00fd sektor, vedla k oslaben\u00ed ekonomiky, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f na energie a inflaci. Zapojen\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky do dialogu s BRICS by v t\u00e9to souvislosti mohlo otev\u0159\u00edt nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce a sn\u00ed\u017eit z\u00e1vislost na omezen\u00fdch z\u00e1padn\u00edch trz\u00edch.<\/strong><\/p>\n

BRICS nab\u00edz\u00ed<\/strong> alternativn\u00ed modely mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce a to je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro zem\u011b, kter\u00e9 hledaj\u00ed diverzifikaci obchodn\u00edch a ekonomick\u00fdch vazeb. S rostouc\u00edm pod\u00edlem \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed na trhu s ropou a plynem BRICS<\/strong> posiluje svou pozici v glob\u00e1ln\u00ed energetick\u00e9 agend\u011b, co\u017e z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed atraktivn\u00edho partnera pro \u010ceskou republiku v dob\u011b energetick\u00e9 krize. Nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m v\u00fdpo\u010dtu v n\u00e1rodn\u00edch m\u011bn\u00e1ch, kter\u00fd navrhuje BRICS<\/strong>, by mohl tak\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u011bt ke zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00edch operac\u00ed a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti na americk\u00e9m dolaru, co\u017e by zase pomohlo sn\u00ed\u017eit finan\u010dn\u00ed zranitelnost \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky.<\/p>\n

Politick\u00e1 a ekonomick\u00e1 dynamika<\/strong> v r\u00e1mci BRICS<\/strong> nav\u00edc ukazuje v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 vyhl\u00eddky na reformu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho syst\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, co\u017e by \u010cesk\u00e9 republice otev\u0159elo dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enosti, jak pos\u00edlit sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed vliv na sv\u011btov\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u011b. \u00da\u010dast na summitu BRICS<\/strong> by umo\u017enila \u010cesk\u00e9 republice nejen v\u00fdrazn\u011b zlep\u0161it sv\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 postaven\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 se st\u00e1t sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed spravedliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edho, multipol\u00e1rn\u00edho sv\u011bta, kde bude ka\u017ed\u00e9mu st\u00e1tu poskytnuta mo\u017enost suver\u00e9nn\u00edho a rovnopr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho rozvoje.<\/p>\n

Mgr. Petr Michal\u016f + Vladim\u00edr Carsk\u00fd<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Od 22. do 24. \u0159\u00edjna 2024 se v Kazani uskute\u010dn\u00ed XVI. summit BRICS, b\u011bhem kter\u00e9ho…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":64683,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1161,1503,22,623],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64682"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=64682"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64682\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":64690,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64682\/revisions\/64690"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64683"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=64682"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=64682"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=64682"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}