{"id":64456,"date":"2024-10-18T04:12:56","date_gmt":"2024-10-18T02:12:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=64456"},"modified":"2024-10-18T04:12:56","modified_gmt":"2024-10-18T02:12:56","slug":"cerny-kmin-drobne-seminko-s-velkou-a-vsestrannou-lecivou-silou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/10\/18\/cerny-kmin-drobne-seminko-s-velkou-a-vsestrannou-lecivou-silou\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010cern\u00fd km\u00edn: Drobn\u00e9 sem\u00ednko s velkou a v\u0161estrannou l\u00e9\u010divou silou"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Ve sv\u011bt\u011b p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch l\u00e9\u010div se jen m\u00e1lo rostlin m\u016f\u017ee pochlubit tak dlouhou a uct\u00edvanou histori\u00ed jako Nigella sativa, b\u011b\u017en\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako \u010dern\u00fd km\u00edn nebo \u010dern\u00e9 sem\u00ednko.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 2500 let je toto drobn\u00e9 sem\u00ednko z\u00e1kladn\u00edm kamenem tradi\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edny \u2013 s ko\u0159eny, kter\u00e9 sahaj\u00ed a\u017e do starov\u011bk\u00fdch civilizac\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dokonce i Egyp\u0165an\u00e9, zn\u00e1m\u00ed sv\u00fdmi pokro\u010dil\u00fdmi znalostmi medic\u00edny, si v\u00e1\u017eili \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu. Archeologick\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy nazna\u010duj\u00ed jej\u00ed velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e byla objevena iv hrobce faraona Tutanchamona \u2013 co\u017e nazna\u010duje jej\u00ed roli ve staroegyptsk\u00fdch l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch postupech.<\/span><\/p>\n

Odkazy na \u010dern\u00fd km\u00edn se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed i ve v\u00edce n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch textech, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad ve staroz\u00e1konn\u00ed knize Izaj\u00e1\u0161.<\/span><\/p>\n

V isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradici m\u00e1 \u010dern\u00fd km\u00edn tak\u00e9 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed v\u00fdznam. Prorok Mohamed jednou slavn\u011b \u0159ekl: \u201e\u00a0<\/span>\u010cern\u00fd km\u00edn m\u016f\u017ee vyl\u00e9\u010dit ka\u017edou nemoc, krom\u011b smrti.<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201e<\/span><\/p>\n

Toto prorock\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed u\u010dinilo z \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu po cel\u00e1 stalet\u00ed ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 medic\u00edny, kde je uct\u00edv\u00e1na nejen pro sv\u00e9 terapeutick\u00e9 vlastnosti, ale i pro sv\u016fj symbolick\u00fd v\u00fdznam jako sou\u010d\u00e1st \u201eMedic\u00edny proroka\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Spojen\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu s n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm u\u010den\u00edm pomohlo roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it jej\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161iroko daleko, zejm\u00e9na se vzestupem isl\u00e1mu v 7. stolet\u00ed. Jej\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nebylo v isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 historii nikdy omezeno a p\u0159edstavovalo konstantou p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b nemoc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010cern\u00fd km\u00edn si v historii z\u00edskal pov\u011bst \u201ev\u0161el\u00e9ku\u201c \u2013 l\u00e9ku na t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017edou nemoc. R\u016fzn\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 tradice pou\u017e\u00edvaly semena \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu v r\u016fzn\u00fdch form\u00e1ch, jako jsou extrakty, oleje, pasty a pr\u00e1\u0161ky, k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b \u0161irok\u00e9ho spektra onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pat\u0159\u00ed sem bolesti zad, bolesti hlavy, z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed jako artritida a revmatismus, du\u0161evn\u00ed \u00fanava, d\u00fdchac\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee jako astma a bronchitida a ko\u017en\u00ed poruchy jako akn\u00e9 a ekz\u00e9my. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se tak\u00e9 ke zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako amenorea (absetuj\u00edc\u00ed menstruace), hypertenze a dokonce paral\u00fdza.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0160irok\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu v tradi\u010dn\u00edch l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch postupech se p\u0159ipisuje jej\u00edm rozmanit\u00fdm l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdm vlastnostem, kter\u00e9 zahrnuj\u00ed antioxida\u010dn\u00ed, protiz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9, protirakovinn\u00e9, antimikrobi\u00e1ln\u00ed, kardioprotektivn\u00ed, imunomodula\u010dn\u00ed a neuroprotektivn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u0165 u\u017e jde o podporu tr\u00e1ven\u00ed, pos\u00edlen\u00ed imunity nebo ochranu srdce, \u010dern\u00fd km\u00edn je dlouhodob\u011b slaven jako v\u0161estrann\u00fd l\u00e9\u010div\u00fd prost\u0159edek v mnoha kultur\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Modern\u00ed v\u011bda vysv\u011btluje l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 vlastnosti \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu<\/span><\/h2>\n

S\u00edla \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu jako l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 byliny spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v jej\u00edm komplexn\u00edm a r\u016fznorod\u00e9m fytochemick\u00e9m slo\u017een\u00ed. Toto slo\u017een\u00ed se v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee li\u0161it v z\u00e1vislosti na jej\u00edm stupni zralosti, metod\u00e1ch zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, technik extrakce a regionu, kde se rostlina p\u011bstuje.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bioaktivn\u00ed slou\u010deniny v \u010dern\u00e9m km\u00ednu, kter\u00e9 jsou zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za jej\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed, lze rozd\u011blit do n\u011bkolika chemick\u00fdch skupin:<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Terpeny a terpenoidy<\/span><\/h2>\n

Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed skupinou chemik\u00e1li\u00ed v semenech \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu jsou terpeny a terpenoidy. Mezi nimi vynik\u00e1 tymochinon jako nejv\u00edce prozkouman\u00e1 a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 slou\u010denina.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tymochinon a jeho deriv\u00e1ty \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b alfapinenu, karvakrolu, thymolu a tymohydrochinonu \u2013 jsou zn\u00e1m\u00e9 sv\u00fdmi protiz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fdmi, antimikrobi\u00e1ln\u00edmi antioxida\u010dn\u00edmi vlastnostmi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto slou\u010deniny jsou do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za v\u0161estrannost \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b r\u016fzn\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch stav\u016f od z\u00e1n\u011bt\u016f a\u017e po d\u00fdchac\u00ed probl\u00e9my.<\/span><\/p>\n

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2. Fytosteroly<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Olej extrahovan\u00fd ze semen \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu je bohat\u00fd na fytosteroly, zejm\u00e9na betasitosterol, kter\u00fd tvo\u0159\u00ed asi 44 a\u017e 54 procent celkov\u00e9ho obsahu sterol\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 steroly pat\u0159\u00ed kampesterol, delta-7 avenasterol a stigmasterol. Jedn\u00e1 se o kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 hr\u00e1\u010de p\u0159i sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed hladiny cholesterolu a podpo\u0159e zdrav\u00ed srdce a kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. Alkaloidy<\/span><\/h2>\n

Semena \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu obsahuj\u00ed i \u200b\u200bn\u011bkolik alkaloid\u016f, co\u017e jsou bioaktivn\u00ed slou\u010deniny zn\u00e1m\u00e9 sv\u00fdmi l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dinky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezi hlavn\u00ed alkaloidy pat\u0159\u00ed nigellicimin, nigellicimin-N-oxid, nigellicin a nigellidin, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky v metabolismu lipid\u016f (tuk\u016f) a tak\u00e9 maj\u00ed protirakovinn\u00e9 a neuroprotektivn\u00ed vlastnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

4. Tokoferoly (vitamin E)<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u010cern\u00fd km\u00edn je bohat\u00fdm zdrojem tokoferol\u016f, rodiny slou\u010denin, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed vitam\u00edn E.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tokoferoly jsou siln\u00e9 antioxidanty, kter\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u00ed bu\u0148ky p\u0159ed oxida\u010dn\u00edm po\u0161kozen\u00edm a zabra\u0148uj\u00ed peroxidaci lipid\u016f. \u010cern\u00fd km\u00edn obsahuje \u010dty\u0159i izomery tokoferolu \u2013 alfa, beta, delta a gama tokoferoly \u2013 p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e gama tokoferoly jsou nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vysok\u00fd obsah tokoferol\u016f p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k \u00faloze \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu p\u0159i prevenci chronick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed spojen\u00fdch s oxida\u010dn\u00edm stresem, jako jsou rakovina a srde\u010dn\u00ed choroby.<\/span><\/p>\n

5. Polyfenoly<\/span><\/h2>\n

Semena \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu jsou pln\u00e1 polyfenol\u016f, t\u0159\u00eddy antioxidant\u016f, kter\u00e9 bojuj\u00ed proti oxida\u010dn\u00edmu stresu a z\u00e1n\u011btu. V \u010dern\u00e9m km\u00ednu bylo identifikov\u00e1no devaten\u00e1ct polyfenol\u016f v\u010detn\u011b kyseliny k\u00e1vov\u00e9, kyseliny chlorogenov\u00e9, kyseliny ferulov\u00e9, kaemferolu a kvercetinu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezi t\u011bmito nejv\u00edce studovan\u00fdmi polyfenoly se v nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch koncentrac\u00edch nach\u00e1zej\u00ed kaempferol a kvercetin, o kter\u00fdch je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed nemocemi, jako jsou kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, osteopor\u00f3za a n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy rakoviny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uk\u00e1zalo se tak\u00e9, \u017ee zejm\u00e9na kaempferol inhibuje oxidaci lipoprotein\u016f s n\u00edzkou hustotou (LDL), tedy \u0161patn\u00e9ho cholesterolu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159edch\u00e1zet arterioskler\u00f3ze (kornat\u011bn\u00ed c\u00e9v).<\/span><\/p>\n

6. R\u016fzn\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed slou\u010deniny<\/span><\/h2>\n

Krom\u011b sv\u00fdch prim\u00e1rn\u00edch fytochemick\u00fdch skupin obsahuj\u00ed semena \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch slou\u010denin. Pat\u0159\u00ed sem speci\u00e1ln\u00ed sacharidy (jako arabin\u00f3za, ramn\u00f3za a xyl\u00f3za), glycerolipidy (mono, di a t\u0159i acylglyceroly), fosfolipidy a vitam\u00edny jako vitam\u00edn C a v\u00edce vitam\u00edny skupiny B (thiamin, riboflavin, pyridoxin a kyselina listov\u00e1).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010cern\u00fd km\u00edn tak\u00e9 obsahuje d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 miner\u00e1ly jako v\u00e1pn\u00edk, \u017eelezo, ho\u0159\u010d\u00edk, drasl\u00edk a zinek. No a nakonec m\u00e1 i mal\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed alk\u00e1nov\u00fdch uhlovod\u00edk\u016f, co\u017e je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zvy\u0161uje jej\u00ed roli v\u0161estrann\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edho l\u00e9ku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco tradi\u010dn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu je dob\u0159e zdokumentov\u00e1no, modern\u00ed v\u011bda za\u010dala odhalovat mechanismy, kter\u00e9 stoj\u00ed za jej\u00edmi l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdmi silami. Zejm\u00e9na esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed olej ze semen obsahuje celou \u0159adu \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch slou\u010denin \u2013 nejv\u00edc studovan\u00fd je tymochinon.<\/span><\/p>\n

K jeho farmakologick\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dink\u016fm p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed aktivn\u00ed slo\u017eky, jako je alfahederin, karvakrol, nigellicin, nigelidin, tymohydrochinon a tymol, kter\u00e9 mu poskytuj\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum terapeutick\u00fdch v\u00fdhod.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee jej\u00ed potravinov\u00e1 hodnota je ve v\u011bdeck\u00e9 literatu\u0159e \u010dasto p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eena, semena \u010dern\u00e9ho km\u00ednu jsou bohat\u00e1 i na makro a mikro\u017eiviny. Poskytuj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed b\u00edlkovin a zdrav\u00fdch tuk\u016f, zejm\u00e9na esenci\u00e1ln\u00edch mastn\u00fdch kyselin jako kyselina linolov\u00e1 a olejov\u00e1, kter\u00e9 jsou \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro zdrav\u00ed srdce.<\/span><\/p>\n

Autor: Olivia Cook, Zdroj:\u00a0<\/span>naturalnews.com<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ve sv\u011bt\u011b p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch l\u00e9\u010div se jen m\u00e1lo rostlin m\u016f\u017ee pochlubit tak dlouhou a uct\u00edvanou histori\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":64457,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[8070,1453,21],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64456"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=64456"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64456\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64457"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=64456"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=64456"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=64456"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}