{"id":64349,"date":"2024-10-17T05:50:54","date_gmt":"2024-10-17T03:50:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=64349"},"modified":"2024-10-17T05:50:54","modified_gmt":"2024-10-17T03:50:54","slug":"uprchli-ukrajinci-posledni-nadeje-zelenskeho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/10\/17\/uprchli-ukrajinci-posledni-nadeje-zelenskeho\/","title":{"rendered":"Uprchl\u00ed Ukrajinci – posledn\u00ed nad\u011bje Zelensk\u00e9ho?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ukrajinsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon<\/strong> \u010d. 3633-IX \u201eO zm\u011bn\u00e1ch n\u011bkter\u00fdch legislativn\u00edch akt\u016f Ukrajiny t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se jednotliv\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek vojensk\u00e9 slu\u017eby, mobilizace a vojensk\u00e9 registrace\u201c<\/em><\/strong> ze dne 18. kv\u011btna 2024, kter\u00fd nabyl platnosti, otev\u0159el novou str\u00e1nku ve vztahu mezi tak zvan\u00fdmi \u201eodm\u00edta\u010di\u201c, \u201evyh\u00fdba\u010di\u201c<\/em><\/strong> a \u00fa\u0159ady.<\/p>\n

\u201eOdm\u00edta\u010di\u201c, \u201evyh\u00fdba\u010di\u201c<\/em><\/strong> nen\u00ed ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00fd, \u010di snad opovr\u017een\u00edhodn\u00fd v\u00fdraz, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e dost nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd pro vl\u00e1dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady a st\u00e1tn\u00ed moc. Na Ukrajin\u011b se tak t\u011bmito slovy ozna\u010duj\u00ed lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se v\u0161emi prost\u0159edky a nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi zp\u016fsoby vyh\u00fdbaj\u00ed a sna\u017e\u00ed vyhnout mobilizaci.<\/p>\n

Na Ukrajin\u011b \u201eodm\u00edta\u010di\u201c, \u201evyh\u00fdba\u010di\u201c<\/em><\/strong> v podstat\u011b vytvo\u0159ili nov\u00e9 odv\u011btv\u00ed st\u00ednov\u00e9 ekonomiky. Toto odv\u011btv\u00ed je postaveno na cel\u00e9m \u0159et\u011bzci interakc\u00ed mezi \u201eodm\u00edta\u010di\u201c, \u201evyh\u00fdba\u010di\u201c, uprchl\u00edky<\/em><\/strong> na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b a \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edky a pohrani\u010dn\u00edky na stran\u011b druh\u00e9. Nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed je a bylo vy\u0159azen\u00ed z vojensk\u00e9 evidence (to bylo zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 od \u00fanora 2022 do konce roku 2023)<\/em> \u2013 tato \u201eslu\u017eba\u201c (l\u00e9pe \u00faplatek) <\/em>st\u00e1l\/stoj\u00ed 1 – 3 tis\u00edce dolar\u016f<\/strong>. \u00da\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem bylo a je zfal\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 komise, co\u017e st\u00e1lo\/stoj\u00ed ji\u017e 7 – 10 tis\u00edc dolar\u016f<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

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Se zhor\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se situac\u00ed na front\u011b<\/strong> v\u0161ak tato pom\u011brn\u011b jednoduch\u00e1, ale drah\u00e1 mo\u017enost, jak se vyhnout mobilizaci, za\u010dala st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji selh\u00e1vat. Koncem roku 2023 nastaly hromadn\u00e9 kontroly \u00fazemn\u00edch mob.\/n\u00e1borov\u00fdch center (obdoba \u010desk\u00fdch vojensk\u00fdch odvodov\u00fdch komis\u00ed)<\/em>, mu\u017ei v odvodn\u00edm v\u011bku museli jednou ro\u010dn\u011b proj\u00edt komis\u00ed a ka\u017ed\u00fd Ukrajinec ve v\u011bku 17 – 60 let byl povinen nosit u sebe v\u0161echny vojensk\u00e9 eviden\u010dn\u00ed doklady, chlapci od 16 let se za\u010dali dobrovoln\u011b a se souhlasem sv\u00fdch rodi\u010d\u016f u\u010dit taktick\u00e9 bojov\u00e9 dovednosti.<\/p>\n

A jak se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1<\/strong>, t\u0159e\u0161ni\u010dka na dortu – bylo zru\u0161eno odstup\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsobilosti<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 se zachovalo od dob Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu – zp\u016fsobil\u00fd<\/strong>, nezp\u016fsobil\u00fd<\/strong> a zp\u016fsobil\u00fd s omezen\u00edm<\/strong>. Nyn\u00ed je fit, tedy zdravotn\u011b v\u00a0po\u0159\u00e1dku, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00fd, s v\u00fdjimkou extr\u00e9mn\u011b \u00fazk\u00e9ho okruhu slo\u017eit\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, tak\u017ee do slu\u017eby se opravdu nedostanou jen skute\u010dn\u00ed invalid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se prakticky nemohou h\u00fdbat. A i ti mohou b\u00fdt za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek uzp\u016fsobeni pro \u0161t\u00e1bn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci nebo jako oper\u00e1to\u0159i dron\u016f.<\/p>\n

V d\u016fsledku toho<\/strong> st\u00ednov\u00e1 ekonomika zalo\u017een\u00e1 na vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se povol\u00e1n\u00ed na frontu zah\u00e1jila nov\u00e9 v\u00fdd\u011ble\u010dn\u00e9 kolo, j\u00edm\u017e je p\u0159\u00edmo \u00fat\u011bk do zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Vznikl jasn\u00fd a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bezchybn\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 odv\u00e9st ty, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed prchnout ze zem\u011b ven. N\u00e1klady na to ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s pad\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm zdravotn\u00edch doklad\u016f v\u00fdrazn\u011b vzrostly – ze 7 a\u017e 8 tis\u00edc dolar\u016f <\/strong>za osobu za \u00faplatek pohrani\u010dn\u00edk\u016fm a cestu p\u011b\u0161ky p\u0159es hranice, na 18 a\u017e 20 tis\u00edc dolar\u016f <\/strong>za osobu za relativn\u011b pohodln\u00fd odvoz v chlad\u00edrensk\u00e9m voze.<\/p>\n

Podle zn\u00e1m\u00fdch<\/strong> \u00fadaj\u016f<\/strong> a jen do Rumunska t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem uteklo asi 11 tis\u00edc uprchl\u00edk\u016f. Celkem, rovn\u011b\u017e podle zn\u00e1m\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f, jen do zem\u00ed Schengenu z Ukrajiny ode\u0161lo nejm\u00e9n\u011b 650 tis\u00edc lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n

D\u00e1le podle neofici\u00e1ln\u00edch<\/strong> \u00fadaj\u016f<\/strong> ode\u0161lo n\u011bkolik milion\u016f lid\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch n\u011bkolik milion\u016f \u017eije v re\u017eimu japonsk\u00fdch \u201ehikikomori\u201c<\/em><\/strong> (co\u017e jsou lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se \u00fapln\u011b vzd\u00e1vaj\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00e9ho \u017eivota a usiluj\u00ed o extr\u00e9mn\u00ed stupe\u0148 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed izolace a odlou\u010den\u00ed od spole\u010dnosti, <\/em>nejsou nikde registrov\u00e1ni, nevych\u00e1zej\u00ed z domova, nepracuj\u00ed a \u017eij\u00ed v podstat\u011b vegetativn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem \u017eivota).<\/em><\/p>\n

Nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon<\/strong> m\u00e1 mimo jin\u00e9 oslovit ty Ukrajince, kte\u0159\u00ed se leg\u00e1ln\u011b, \u010di ji\u017e neleg\u00e1ln\u011b nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Ti ji\u017e byli zbaveni p\u0159\u00edstupu ke konzul\u00e1rn\u00edm slu\u017eb\u00e1m, co\u017e rychle povede k vypr\u0161en\u00ed platnosti jejich pas\u016f a nevyhnuteln\u00e9 deportaci do vlasti.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Popsan\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se povol\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> jsou zalo\u017eeny na finan\u010dn\u00edch vztaz\u00edch. Je t\u0159eba si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee p\u0159i v\u0161\u00ed demonstraci pr\u00fd liber\u00e1ln\u00edch hodnot je cel\u00fd mocensk\u00fd syst\u00e9m Ukrajiny ve skute\u010dnosti prostoupen korup\u010dn\u00edmi vazbami a je zalo\u017een na jasn\u00fdch vztaz\u00edch podle Karla Marxe – pen\u00edze – slu\u017eby – pen\u00edze.<\/strong> V\u0161echno se d\u00e1 kou<\/u>pit<\/u> – jedinou ot\u00e1zkou je cena. \u00a0Po\u010det solventn\u00edch krajan\u016f v\u0161ak nen\u00ed nekone\u010dn\u00fd a masa mu\u017e\u016f hled\u00e1 z\u00e1chranu p\u0159ed velmi pravd\u011bpodobnou smrt\u00ed na front\u011b v\u0161emi zp\u016fsoby \u2013 od p\u0159echodu \u0159eky Tisy, kter\u00e1 odd\u011bluje Ukrajinu od Rumunska, po p\u011b\u0161ky p\u0159es Karpaty. S pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky.<\/p>\n

Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9<\/strong>, \u017ee zapojen\u00ed \u201ekonzul\u00e1rn\u00edho\u201c mobiliza\u010dn\u00edho zdroje<\/strong> mimo zemi je krajn\u00edm krokem zp\u016fsoben\u00fdm zoufalou situac\u00ed na front\u00e1ch. Zelensk\u00e9ho podvod s \u00fatokem na Kurskou oblast Ruska si vy\u017e\u00e1dal neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 vyp\u011bt\u00ed v\u0161ech sil, co\u017e celou situaci s mobiliza\u010dn\u00edm zdrojem na Ukrajin\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b destabilizovalo. Prvn\u00ed krok ukrajinsk\u00fdch diverzn\u00edch skupin na rusk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed uk\u00e1zal obyvatelstvu Ukrajiny, \u017ee nejde o \u017e\u00e1dnou obranu z\u00e1jm\u016f st\u00e1tu – ale pouze o \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed n\u011b\u010d\u00edch \u00fazk\u00fdch politick\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f. Lid\u00ed ochotn\u00fdch za tyto z\u00e1jmy bojovat (a um\u00edrat) je st\u00e1le m\u00e9n\u011b.<\/p>\n

Sami ukrajin\u0161t\u00ed analytici<\/strong> jsou p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee pro jakoukoli zm\u011bnu na front\u011b ve prosp\u011bch Ukrajiny je nutn\u00e1 mobilizace 300 000 a\u017e 500 000 lid\u00ed<\/strong>, co\u017e je bez tvrd\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed de facto nemo\u017en\u00e9. Podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v sou\u010dasn\u00e1 mobilizace nyn\u00ed kompenzuje pouze \u010dtvrtinu ztr\u00e1t na front\u011b, co\u017e denn\u011b zhor\u0161uje situaci uvnit\u0159 zem\u011b. Nevyhnuteln\u00e9 zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed brann\u00e9 povinnosti, zejm\u00e9na po p\u0159ijet\u00ed z\u00e1kona z 18. kv\u011btna 2024, vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 u obyvatelstva logickou ned\u016fv\u011bru k nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm p\u0159edstavitel\u016fm ukrajinsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy a osobn\u011b k Zelensk\u00e9mu. Je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee obyvatelstvo je unaveno v\u00e1lkou na konci jej\u00edho druh\u00e9ho roku – a tento konec se ji\u017e bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Snaha p\u0159iv\u00e9st zp\u011bt uprchl\u00edky<\/strong> je v\u0161ak v p\u0159\u00edkr\u00e9m rozporu s liber\u00e1ln\u00edmi z\u00e1sadami zem\u00ed, kam se uch\u00fdlili skr\u00fdt p\u0159ed mobilizac\u00ed. Podle z\u00e1kon\u016f t\u011bchto zem\u00ed m\u00e1 ob\u010dan pr\u00e1vo neslou\u017eit, pokud nechce. K tomuto postoji se lze stav\u011bt jakkoli, ale kdy\u017e se Zelensk\u00fd na jednu stranu stav\u00ed do pozice Evropana a na druhou se chov\u00e1 jako dikt\u00e1tor, nem\u016f\u017ee to u jeho z\u00e1padn\u00edch partner\u016f nevyvolat v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 rozlad\u011bn\u00ed a nesoulad.<\/p>\n

Ot\u00e1zka z\u00e1jm\u016f Z\u00e1padu<\/strong> v ukrajinsk\u00e9m konfliktu je v\u0161ak zcela jin\u00fdm t\u00e9matem, v n\u011bm\u017e se z\u00e1jem NATO st\u00e1le v\u00edce rozch\u00e1z\u00ed se skute\u010dn\u00fdmi po\u017eadavky jeho \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n

Poda\u0159\u00ed se ukrajinsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1d\u011b<\/strong> mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi vr\u00e1tit uprchl\u00edky do vlasti (vlastn\u011b na frontu)? T\u011b\u017eko. Pokud se lid\u00e9 rozhodli opustit v\u0161e, co z\u00edskali, rozlou\u010dit se s p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdmi a odej\u00edt t\u0159eba nav\u017edy, vynalo\u017e\u00ed nemen\u0161\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed, aby se nevr\u00e1tili. Sv\u011bt je dost velk\u00fd a m\u00edsta k \u00fat\u011bku je dost.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mgr. Petr Michal\u016f + Vladim\u00edr Carsk\u00fd<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ukrajinsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon \u010d. 3633-IX \u201eO zm\u011bn\u00e1ch n\u011bkter\u00fdch legislativn\u00edch akt\u016f Ukrajiny t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se jednotliv\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek vojensk\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":64350,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[119,1503,1929,1635],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64349"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=64349"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64349\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64350"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=64349"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=64349"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=64349"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}