{"id":63585,"date":"2024-10-05T00:42:53","date_gmt":"2024-10-04T22:42:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=63585"},"modified":"2024-10-04T15:41:49","modified_gmt":"2024-10-04T13:41:49","slug":"digitalni-loutkari-vliv-velkych-technologickych-spolecnosti-na-spolecnost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/10\/05\/digitalni-loutkari-vliv-velkych-technologickych-spolecnosti-na-spolecnost\/","title":{"rendered":"Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed loutk\u00e1\u0159i: Vliv velk\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed na spole\u010dnost"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Technologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti zp\u016fsobily revoluci v modernit\u011b a umo\u017enily transkontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikaci, okam\u017eit\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k informac\u00edm a bezprecedentn\u00ed konektivitu mezi lidmi po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Tato revoluce v\u0161ak m\u00e1 svou cenu: tyto spole\u010dnosti maj\u00ed mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd vliv na na\u0161e \u017eivoty a mohou ovlivnit ve\u0159ejn\u00fd diskurs, chov\u00e1n\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel\u016f a dokonce i politick\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rozsah dominance Big Tech na trhu bere dech. Google kontroluje 81 % v\u0161ech obecn\u00fdch vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a metas. Facebook, Instagram a WhatsApp se spole\u010dn\u011b mohou pochlubit 3,27 miliardami aktivn\u00edch u\u017eivatel\u016f denn\u011b. Amazon ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 50 % ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho elektronick\u00e9ho obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed v USA. Tato \u010d\u00edsla ukazuj\u00ed, jak m\u016f\u017ee hrstka spole\u010dnost\u00ed ovl\u00e1dat na\u0161e digit\u00e1ln\u00ed \u017eivoty bezprecedentn\u00ed moc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato koncentrace moci umo\u017e\u0148uje velk\u00fdm technologick\u00fdm spole\u010dnostem utv\u00e1\u0159et trhy tak, aby prosp\u00edvaly samy sob\u011b a potla\u010dovaly konkurenci. To m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm cen\u00e1m pro spot\u0159ebitele a men\u0161\u00ed inovaci, proto\u017ee men\u0161\u00ed konkurenti jsou vytla\u010dov\u00e1ni.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00da\u010dinky t\u00e9to monopoln\u00ed kontroly p\u0159esahuj\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 obavy a ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed tak\u00e9 posv\u00e1tnost na\u0161eho demokratick\u00e9ho diskurzu. Jeliko\u017e se tyto platformy staly de facto ve\u0159ejn\u00fdmi n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00edmi digit\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u011bku, jejich politika moderov\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu a algoritmick\u00e9 rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed maj\u00ed obrovsk\u00fd vliv na to, jak\u00e9 informace se dostanou k ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Selektivn\u00ed cenzura velk\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed je st\u00e1le evidentn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a konzervativn\u00ed hlasy \u010dasto nesou t\u00edhu moderov\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu. V roce 2020 bylo zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed New York Post o notebooku Huntera Bidena potla\u010deno na Twitteru i Facebooku. Po prvn\u00edm pokusu o atent\u00e1t na Trumpa Google z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b vynechal v\u00fdsledky vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 odkazovaly na \u00fatok, a\u010dkoliv zobrazoval n\u00e1vrhy na historick\u00e9 atent\u00e1ty na jin\u00e9 prezidenty. Tyto incidenty zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed rostouc\u00ed obavy o moc velk\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed ovliv\u0148ovat ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 diskuse prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm selektivn\u00edho moderov\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu<\/span><\/p>\n

J\u00e1drem tohoto probl\u00e9mu je odd\u00edl 230 z\u00e1kona Communications Decency Act z roku 1996, kter\u00fd chr\u00e1n\u00ed interaktivn\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 slu\u017eby p\u0159ed odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed za obsah zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fd u\u017eivateli. Toto ustanoven\u00ed m\u011blo p\u016fvodn\u011b podporovat svobodu projevu online, ale stalo se dvouse\u010dn\u00fdm me\u010dem. Umo\u017e\u0148uje platform\u00e1m vyhnout se odpov\u011bdnosti za \u0161kodliv\u00fd nebo nep\u0159esn\u00fd obsah a z\u00e1rove\u0148 jim d\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0161irokou mo\u017enost cenzurovat nebo propagovat obsah, jak uznaj\u00ed za vhodn\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento pr\u00e1vn\u00ed r\u00e1mec vytvo\u0159il situaci, ve kter\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti Big Tech vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jak v\u00fdhody vydavatele, tak status platformy, ani\u017e by p\u0159eb\u00edraly odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost. Mohou upravovat obsah, aby maximalizovali zapojen\u00ed a zisky a z\u00e1rove\u0148 se vyhnuli odpov\u011bdnosti za spole\u010densk\u00fd dopad sv\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco zast\u00e1nci sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee u\u017eivatel\u00e9 maj\u00ed svobodu volby alternativn\u00edch platforem, realita je mnohem slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. S\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 efekty a datov\u00e9 v\u00fdhody, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di, vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky vstupu pro potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed konkurenty. Jak uk\u00e1zal experiment Kashmir Hill, je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemo\u017en\u00e9 zcela obej\u00edt slu\u017eby spole\u010dnost\u00ed Big Tech, proto\u017ee jejich dosah daleko p\u0159esahuje jejich zna\u010dkov\u00e9 produkty a slu\u017eby.<\/span><\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomika je \u010dasto n\u00e1chyln\u00e1 k p\u0159irozen\u00fdm monopol\u016fm, pouh\u00e9 rozbit\u00ed t\u011bchto spole\u010dnost\u00ed nebo zaveden\u00ed zat\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00edch regulac\u00ed nen\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm. \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bchto v\u00fdzev mus\u00ed vyv\u00e1\u017eit pot\u0159ebu inovac\u00ed s ochranou svobody projevu a spravedlivou hospod\u00e1\u0159skou sout\u011b\u017e\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

To vy\u017eaduje komplexn\u00ed p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed na\u0161eho pr\u00e1vn\u00edho r\u00e1mce pro digit\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bk. To by mohlo zahrnovat reformu odd\u00edlu 230, aby se dos\u00e1hlo lep\u0161\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hy mezi imunitou a odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed platformy, stejn\u011b jako zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed transparentnosti v algoritmick\u00e9m rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed a moderov\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edslibem internetu bylo demokratizovat informace a obchod, ale sou\u010dasn\u00e1 realita tomuto ide\u00e1lu zaost\u00e1v\u00e1. Mus\u00edme si pamatovat, \u017ee skute\u010dn\u011b voln\u00fd trh my\u0161lenek a obchodu vy\u017eaduje ostra\u017eitost proti koncentraci moci, a\u0165 u\u017e v rukou vl\u00e1d nebo korporac\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podporou skute\u010dn\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee, ochranou svobody projevu a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm odpov\u011bdnosti m\u016f\u017eeme vyu\u017e\u00edt transforma\u010dn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l technologie a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zachovat z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy svobodn\u00e9 a otev\u0159en\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. V s\u00e1zce je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho na to, aby hrstka spole\u010dnost\u00ed mohla diktovat n\u00e1\u0161 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed \u017eivot.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od SchiffGold<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Technologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti zp\u016fsobily revoluci v modernit\u011b a umo\u017enily transkontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikaci, okam\u017eit\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k informac\u00edm a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":63586,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1467,794,276,5187],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63585"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63585"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63585\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63587,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63585\/revisions\/63587"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63586"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63585"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63585"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}