{"id":63158,"date":"2024-09-30T00:35:09","date_gmt":"2024-09-29T22:35:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=63158"},"modified":"2024-09-29T14:23:51","modified_gmt":"2024-09-29T12:23:51","slug":"politicka-fragmentace-potrebuje-nemecko-novy-vladni-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/09\/30\/politicka-fragmentace-potrebuje-nemecko-novy-vladni-system\/","title":{"rendered":"Politick\u00e1 fragmentace \u2013 pot\u0159ebuje N\u011bmecko nov\u00fd vl\u00e1dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><span>Ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku docela dob\u0159e funguje politick\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce mezi stranami. Ve vl\u00e1d\u011b jsou zastoupeny v\u0161echny velk\u00e9 strany a v N\u00e1rodn\u00ed rad\u011b je voln\u00e1 hra sil. Byla by to mo\u017enost i pro N\u011bmecko, nebo prost\u011b ve Spolkov\u00e9 republice chyb\u00ed demokratick\u00e1 vysp\u011blost?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Skand\u00e1l v Durynsku kolem volby p\u0159edsedy zemsk\u00e9ho parlamentu odhaluje politickou kulturu, kter\u00e1 je v\u00edce zam\u011b\u0159ena na opozici ne\u017e na spolupr\u00e1ci.<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Jednac\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d se m\u011bn\u00ed jen proto, aby AfD nem\u011bla krom\u011b vysok\u00e9ho prezidenta i p\u0159edsednictvo zemsk\u00e9ho parlamentu, i kdy\u017e by j\u00ed to podle tradice bylo umo\u017en\u011bno. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je probl\u00e9m se sestaven\u00edm vl\u00e1dy, proto\u017ee nikdo nechce sestavit koalici s AfD a CDU by pot\u0159ebovala nejen SPD, ale i BSW (plus podporu Levicov\u00e9 strany), aby z\u00edskala vl\u00e1dn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Podobn\u011b komplikovan\u011b to vypad\u00e1 i v Sasku a Braniborsku, kde se v\u00fdrazn\u011b projevily tak\u00e9 AfD a BSW. A d\u00e1 se o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee sestaven\u00ed vl\u00e1dy bude po p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch feder\u00e1ln\u00edch volb\u00e1ch obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee AfD i BSW pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b dost pos\u00edl\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Zat\u00edmco dvoukoalice jsou pro politick\u00fd profil vl\u00e1dn\u00edch stran \u0161patn\u00e9 kv\u016fli nutn\u00fdm kompromis\u016fm, t\u0159\u00ed- nebo \u010dty\u0159koalice jsou je\u0161t\u011b hor\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/strong><span> Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pokud jsou uzav\u0159eny pouze jako v\u00fdhodn\u00e1 aliance proti jin\u00e9 siln\u00e9 stran\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>V tomto ohledu se nab\u00edz\u00ed ot\u00e1zka, zda by se N\u011bmecko nem\u011blo trochu v\u00edce orientovat na \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fd vl\u00e1dn\u00ed model. Pomoc\u00ed pevn\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de jsou ministersk\u00e9 funkce p\u0159id\u011blov\u00e1ny v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm stran\u00e1m, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e z\u00e1rove\u0148 doch\u00e1z\u00ed k voln\u00e9 h\u0159e sil v samotn\u00e9m parlamentu.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Ka\u017ed\u00e1 strana m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edkl\u00e1dat legislativn\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy a nechat o nich hlasovat, ani\u017e by byla v\u00e1z\u00e1na koali\u010dn\u00edmi omezen\u00edmi.<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0P\u0159itom \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 strana neztr\u00e1c\u00ed sv\u016fj profil (stejn\u011b jako FDP na semaforu v sou\u010dasnosti mus\u00ed podporovat z\u00e1kony, kter\u00e9 jsou vlastn\u011b proti jej\u00edm princip\u016fm).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-variable-mehrheiten-moglich\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">Prom\u011bnn\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina mo\u017en\u00e1<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Vezmete-li si jako p\u0159\u00edklad sou\u010dasn\u00fd Bundestag (ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 procentu\u00e1ln\u00ed hranice v klasick\u00e9m slova smyslu, a proto jsou v N\u00e1rodn\u00ed rad\u011b zastoupeny i mal\u00e9 strany),\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>mohou vznikat prom\u011bnliv\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161iny a mohou b\u00fdt zastoupeny z\u00e1jmy p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch voli\u010d\u016f. komplexn\u011bji.<\/span><\/strong><span> Schopnost vl\u00e1dnout by p\u0159itom mohly prok\u00e1zat nap\u0159\u00edklad AfD a BSW, proto\u017ee maj\u00ed p\u0159id\u011blen\u00e9 i ministersk\u00e9 funkce. Pokud se pozice p\u0159edsednictva Bundestagu ur\u010d\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b s\u00edly stran a p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 parlamentn\u00ed kluby budou m\u00edt na v\u00fdb\u011br, odpadnou i takov\u00e9 eskap\u00e1dy jako v Durynsku.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Nab\u00edz\u00ed se v\u0161ak ot\u00e1zka, zda m\u00e1 n\u011bmeck\u00e1 politika skute\u010dn\u011b pot\u0159ebnou demokratickou vysp\u011blost. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b obecn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u016f star\u00fdch stran nevykazuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed tendence.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Usnesen\u00ed o neslu\u010ditelnosti, \u201efirewally\u201c, divok\u00e1 obvin\u011bn\u00ed a politicky motivovan\u00e9 zm\u011bny jednac\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du p\u0159esn\u011b neodr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by se dalo o\u010dek\u00e1vat ve vysp\u011bl\u00e9 a stabiln\u00ed demokracii.<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Zejm\u00e9na od z\u00e1stupc\u016f t\u011bch stran, kter\u00e9 se ozna\u010duj\u00ed za \u201edemokratick\u00e9\u201c \u2013 a pak ignoruj\u00ed v\u016fli voli\u010d\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>Koment\u00e1\u0159 Heinze Steinera<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku docela dob\u0159e funguje politick\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce mezi stranami. Ve vl\u00e1d\u011b jsou zastoupeny v\u0161echny velk\u00e9&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3258,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,84,7996],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63158"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63158"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63158\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3258"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63158"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63158"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63158"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}