{"id":62289,"date":"2024-09-17T00:40:48","date_gmt":"2024-09-16T22:40:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=62289"},"modified":"2024-09-16T15:08:40","modified_gmt":"2024-09-16T13:08:40","slug":"zakon-eu-o-digitalnich-sluzbach-ohrozeni-svobody-projevu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/09\/17\/zakon-eu-o-digitalnich-sluzbach-ohrozeni-svobody-projevu\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1kon EU o digit\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch: ohro\u017een\u00ed svobody projevu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Nem\u00e1me probl\u00e9m s tzv. dezinformacemi. Sp\u00ed\u0161e m\u00e1me probl\u00e9m s omezov\u00e1n\u00edm svobody projevu a svobody tisku. Z\u00e1kon o digit\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch jasn\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed ministerstvo pravdy EU. M\u011bli bychom b\u00fdt schopni \u010d\u00edst a vid\u011bt jen to, co cht\u011bj\u00ed evrop\u0161t\u00ed bigou\u0161i.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kon Evropsk\u00e9 unie o digit\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch (DSA), kter\u00fd postupn\u011b vstupuje v platnost od srpna 2023, je Evropskou komis\u00ed v\u00edt\u00e1n jako miln\u00edk pro bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed prostor. Kritici ale pova\u017euj\u00ed legislativn\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dek za potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed hrozbu pro svobodu projevu a varuj\u00ed p\u0159ed mo\u017en\u00fdm zneu\u017eit\u00edm moci.<\/p>\n

DSA se zd\u00e1nliv\u011b zam\u011b\u0159uje na boj proti nez\u00e1konn\u00e9mu obsahu online a omezen\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dezinformac\u00ed. Velk\u00e9 online platformy s v\u00edce ne\u017e 45 miliony u\u017eivatel\u016f m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b v EU mus\u00ed spl\u0148ovat obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky. Jste povinni rychle zakro\u010dit proti nez\u00e1konn\u00e9mu obsahu a p\u0159ijmout opat\u0159en\u00ed k zamezen\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed \u00fadajn\u00fdch dezinformac\u00ed. Ale ve skute\u010dnosti jde jednozna\u010dn\u011b sp\u00ed\u0161e o potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed nepohodln\u00fdch pravd a fakt\u016f, kter\u00e9 neodpov\u00eddaj\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00edmu vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

P\u0159edsedkyn\u011b Evropsk\u00e9 komise Ursula von der Leyen ve sv\u00e9m\u00a0projevu na Sv\u011btov\u00e9m ekonomick\u00e9m f\u00f3ru<\/a> v Davosu zd\u016fraznila d\u016fle\u017eitost DSA pro ochranu demokracie: \u201eMus\u00edme chr\u00e1nit na\u0161e demokracie p\u0159ed dezinformacemi, kter\u00e9 hroz\u00ed podkopat na\u0161i spole\u010dnost zevnit\u0159.\u201c<\/p>\n

Ale je to pr\u00e1v\u011b tento c\u00edl, kter\u00fd p\u0159itahuje kritiku. Renomovan\u00fd novin\u00e1\u0159 Glenn Greenwald na Twitteru varoval p\u0159ed nebezpe\u010d\u00edm takov\u00e9 regulace: \u201eEU vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 z\u00e1minku \u201adezinformace\u2018 k masivn\u00edmu omezen\u00ed svobody projevu a vytvo\u0159en\u00ed komplexn\u00ed cenzurn\u00ed infrastruktury.\u201c<\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edci a kritici vid\u00ed \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed probl\u00e9m v definici dezinformac\u00ed. To, co je dnes pova\u017eov\u00e1no za nepravdiv\u00e9 informace, se z\u00edtra m\u016f\u017ee uk\u00e1zat jako pravdiv\u00e9. V minulosti jsme \u010dasto vid\u011bli, \u017ee informace, kter\u00e9 byly zpo\u010d\u00e1tku odm\u00edt\u00e1ny jako \u201efale\u0161n\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy\u201c, se pozd\u011bji uk\u00e1zaly jako p\u0159esn\u00e9. Zejm\u00e9na pokud jde o Covid-19, kontroverzn\u00ed injekce mRNA a jejich vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky a tak\u00e9 pokud jde o zm\u011bnu klimatu nebo kriminalitu migrant\u016f.<\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va<\/a> organizace Future Free Speech doch\u00e1z\u00ed k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee z\u00e1kony EU o cenzu\u0159e, jako je DSA, potla\u010duj\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b leg\u00e1ln\u00ed projevy. \u201ePod rou\u0161kou boje proti dezinformac\u00edm se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1stroj, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt potenci\u00e1ln\u011b zneu\u017eit k potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fdch n\u00e1zor\u016f,\u201c varuje zpr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n

Kritici pova\u017euj\u00ed moc, kterou DSA poskytuje vl\u00e1d\u00e1m a technologick\u00fdm spole\u010dnostem, za obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b znepokojuj\u00edc\u00ed. Zde p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00edme rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o tom, jak\u00e9 informace lze zve\u0159ej\u0148ovat, na malou elitu z politiky a byznysu. Jde o nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd z\u00e1sah do svobody informac\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016f.<\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 komise tuto kritiku odm\u00edt\u00e1 a zd\u016fraz\u0148uje tzv. ochrann\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jsou v DSA zakotvena. Implementaci by m\u011bli sledovat nez\u00e1visl\u00ed \u201ekoordin\u00e1to\u0159i digit\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eeb\u201c v \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. Pro u\u017eivatele a platformy existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 mo\u017enosti st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed a n\u00e1mitek. P\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u0161ak obava, \u017ee DSA zach\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 daleko. \u010clov\u011bk mus\u00ed b\u00fdt velmi opatrn\u00fd, aby zajistil, \u017ee z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pr\u00e1va nebudou podkop\u00e1v\u00e1na pod z\u00e1minkou bezpe\u010dnosti. Otev\u0159en\u00e1, demokratick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost prosperuje ze svobodn\u00e9 v\u00fdm\u011bny my\u0161lenek a n\u00e1zor\u016f \u2013 i kdy\u017e jsou nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 nebo kontroverzn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mimochodem je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee p\u0159i hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0o DSA v Bundestagu<\/a>\u00a0hlasoval poslaneck\u00fd klub CDU\/CSU spole\u010dn\u011b s AfD v\u011bt\u0161inou proti, i kdy\u017e jejich stranick\u00e1 kolegyn\u011b Ursula von der Leyenov\u00e1 byla tak vehementn\u011b v byla pro ni p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e1 a m\u011bla pro ni tak\u00e9 \u0161irokou podporu v parlamentu EU .<\/p>\n

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Nem\u00e1me probl\u00e9m s tzv. dezinformacemi. Sp\u00ed\u0161e m\u00e1me probl\u00e9m s omezov\u00e1n\u00edm svobody projevu a svobody tisku….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":62290,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1781,41,117],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62289"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62289"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62289\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":62291,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62289\/revisions\/62291"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62290"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62289"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62289"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62289"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}