{"id":60911,"date":"2024-08-28T00:51:41","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T22:51:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=60911"},"modified":"2024-08-27T17:39:35","modified_gmt":"2024-08-27T15:39:35","slug":"uriel-araujo-vojenska-dohoda-aukus-promenila-australii-v-americky-stat-coz-podnecuje-napeti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/08\/28\/uriel-araujo-vojenska-dohoda-aukus-promenila-australii-v-americky-stat-coz-podnecuje-napeti\/","title":{"rendered":"Uriel Araujo: Vojensk\u00e1 dohoda AUKUS prom\u011bnila Austr\u00e1lii v americk\u00fd st\u00e1t, co\u017e podn\u011bcuje nap\u011bt\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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AUKUS je op\u011bt v centru pozornosti. Proti\u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed pakt mezi Austr\u00e1li\u00ed, Spojen\u00fdm kr\u00e1lovstv\u00edm a USA (n\u011bkdy ozna\u010dovan\u00fd jako \u201easijsk\u00e9 NATO\u201c) byl\u00a0od po\u010d\u00e1tku\u00a0<\/span>kontroverzn\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Spolu s QUAD to jist\u011b\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>zv\u00fd\u0161ilo nap\u011bt\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v asijsko-pacifick\u00e9m regionu. Jedn\u00edm z jej\u00edch c\u00edl\u016f je pomoci Austr\u00e1lii z\u00edskat ponorky s jadern\u00fdm pohonem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Paul Keating, b\u00fdval\u00fd australsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r, u\u017e loni pou\u017eil siln\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy, kdy\u017e\u00a0<\/span>popsal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0AUKUS jako \u201enejhor\u0161\u00ed dohodu v cel\u00e9 historii\u201c a dodal, \u017ee z Austr\u00e1lie ud\u011bl\u00e1 51. st\u00e1t Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Minul\u00fd t\u00fdden znovu\u00a0<\/span>pou\u017eil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0stejn\u00fd v\u00fdraz a dodal, \u017ee to z jeho zem\u011b ud\u011bl\u00e1 c\u00edl t\u00edm, \u017ee ji spoj\u00ed s americkou agres\u00ed v\u016f\u010di \u010c\u00edn\u011b. Ve stejn\u00fd t\u00fdden se Ross Garnaut (b\u00fdval\u00fd australsk\u00fd velvyslanec v \u010c\u00edn\u011b, kter\u00fd byl tak\u00e9 hlavn\u00edm ekonomick\u00fdm poradcem b\u00fdval\u00e9ho premi\u00e9ra Boba Hawkea)\u00a0<\/span>zeptal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, zda je AUKUS v\u016fbec \u201ev souladu se zachov\u00e1n\u00edm australsk\u00e9 suver\u00e9nn\u00ed nez\u00e1vislosti v budouc\u00edch rozhodnut\u00edch o v\u00e1lce a m\u00edru. .\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Varoval Austr\u00e1lii p\u0159ed selh\u00e1n\u00edm diverzifikovat sv\u00e9 mo\u017enosti, pokud jde o partnerstv\u00ed a zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku. Jak jsem psal d\u0159\u00edve, Austr\u00e1lie byla historicky naz\u00fdv\u00e1na \u201e\u00a0<\/span>hlavn\u00edm m\u011bstem p\u0159evratu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c takzvan\u00e9ho demokratick\u00e9ho sv\u011bta a americk\u00fd vliv na tento n\u00e1rod po desetilet\u00ed m\u00e1 s t\u00edm hodn\u011b spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. Do o\u010d\u00ed bij\u00edc\u00ed intervence Washingtonu do zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky Canberry nejl\u00e9pe ilustruje nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fd\u00a0<\/span>anglo-americk\u00fd p\u0159evrat<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, kter\u00fd \u201eodvolal\u201c premi\u00e9ra Gougha Whitlama. Tyto australsk\u00e9 hlasy dnes odsuzuj\u00ed to, co vn\u00edmaj\u00ed jako nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad takov\u00e9ho americk\u00e9ho vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00fdval\u00e1 novoz\u00e9landsk\u00e1 premi\u00e9rka Helen Clark se ned\u00e1vno p\u0159ipojila ke sboru\u00a0<\/span>slovy<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee \u201ev\u0161echna tato prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed o tom, \u017ee AUKUS je pro n\u00e1s dobr\u00fd, jsou velmi sporn\u00e1. Co je dobr\u00e9 na p\u0159ipojen\u00ed se ke stup\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed v regionu? Kde je vojensk\u00e1 hrozba pro Nov\u00fd Z\u00e9land? Nen\u00ed osamocen\u00fdm hlasem ani na Nov\u00e9m Z\u00e9landu: Don Brash (b\u00fdval\u00fd guvern\u00e9r Reserve Bank a p\u0159edseda novoz\u00e9landsk\u00e9 dce\u0159in\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti Industrial and Commercial Bank of China)\u00a0<\/span>tak\u00e9 nal\u00e9h\u00e1<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na svou zemi, aby neopou\u0161t\u011bla\u00a0<\/span>\u200b\u200bsvou nez\u00e1vislou zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak poznamenal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Arnaud Bertrand, francouzsk\u00fd obchodn\u00edk a koment\u00e1tor ekonomie\u00a0, mnoho \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f v tichomo\u0159sk\u00e9 oblasti Aukus kritizovalo. Enele Sopoaga, b\u00fdval\u00e1 premi\u00e9rka Tuvalu, to\u00a0<\/span>popsala<\/span><\/a>\u00a0je\u0161t\u011b otev\u0159en\u011bji, kdy\u017e \u0159ekla, \u017ee dohoda ukazuje \u201epohrdliv\u00e9 p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed tichomo\u0159sk\u00e9ho regionalismu\u201c a \u017ee ponorky s jadern\u00fdm pohonem v oblasti by jen d\u00e1le rozdm\u00edvaly m\u00edstn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed a ohrozily stabilitu a bezpe\u010dnost regionu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuvalu popsal australsko-Tuvalu Falepili Union, ned\u00e1vnou\u00a0<\/span>dohodu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0mezi Austr\u00e1li\u00ed a Tuvalu, takto: \u201eKv\u016fli mal\u00e9mu migra\u010dn\u00edmu n\u00e1roku bylo Tuvalu po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1no, aby p\u0159edalo svou suverenitu Austr\u00e1lii. V podstat\u011b \u0159\u00edkalo, \u017ee ne\u017e Tuvalu uzav\u0159e jakoukoli bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed dohodu, mus\u00ed nejprve z\u00edskat souhlas Austr\u00e1lie. To je neokolonialismus ve sv\u00e9 nejhor\u0161\u00ed podob\u011b.“ Sopoaga dodal, \u017ee \u201eza cel\u00e9 roky sv\u00e9 politiky jsem nikdy nevid\u011bl nic tak drz\u00e9ho a neuctiv\u00e9ho. V\u0161echno jsou to zku\u0161en\u00e9 a autoritativn\u00ed hlasy z r\u016fzn\u00fdch pozic v r\u00e1mci politick\u00e9ho spektra.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1m\u011bstek americk\u00e9ho ministra zahrani\u010d\u00ed Kurt Campbell (zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako americk\u00fd \u201easijsk\u00fd car\u201c) nev\u011bdomky zopakoval Keatingovu charakteristiku dohody a v roce 2022\u00a0<\/span>\u0159ekl<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee AUKUS \u201edostane Austr\u00e1lii z plotu a uzamkne ji na dal\u0161\u00edch 40 let\u201c, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee byla to cesta k \u201euzamknut\u00ed\u201c Austr\u00e1lie pod USA na dal\u0161\u00ed desetilet\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Minul\u00fd t\u00fdden\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh<\/span><\/a>\u00a0New York Times od Davida E. Sangera, kter\u00fd se v\u011bnuje americk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 strategii v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159icet let, odhalil, \u017ee \u00fa\u0159aduj\u00edc\u00ed americk\u00fd prezident Joe Biden (a st\u00e1le je \u00fa\u0159aduj\u00edc\u00edm prezidentem, i kdy\u017e se zd\u00e1, \u017ee mnoz\u00ed na to zapomn\u011bli ) \u201ev b\u0159eznu schv\u00e1lila p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b tajn\u00fd jadern\u00fd strategick\u00fd pl\u00e1n pro Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, kter\u00fd poprv\u00e9 p\u0159eorientuje americkou odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed strategii tak, aby se zam\u011b\u0159ila na rychlou expanzi \u010c\u00edny v jej\u00edm jadern\u00e9m arzen\u00e1lu\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

V r\u00e1mci revidovan\u00e9 strategie zvan\u00e9 \u201eNuclear Employment Guidance\u201c za\u0161el Biden ve skute\u010dnosti tak daleko, \u017ee vydal rozkazy americk\u00fdm sil\u00e1m, aby se p\u0159ipravily \u201ena mo\u017en\u00e9 koordinovan\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 konfrontace s Ruskem, \u010c\u00ednou a Severn\u00ed Koreou\u201c. Mnoho bylo \u0159e\u010deno o tom, jak moc se \u00fa\u0159ady ve Washingtonu mus\u00ed chovat\u00a0<\/span>zdr\u017eenliv\u011b<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, a o p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00e9m a p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00e9m stavu atlantick\u00e9 supervelmoci. Popisovat Bidenovu politiku jako \u201ep\u0159et\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed moci USA\u201c (jak historik Stephen Wertheim \u010dasto\u00a0<\/span>popisoval<\/span><\/a>\u00a0sou\u010dasnou americkou zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku) by v\u0161ak ve skute\u010dnosti bylo eufemismem. Mnohem v\u00edce to zn\u00ed jako pl\u00e1n jadern\u00e9ho armagedonu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Minul\u00fd t\u00fdden jsem\u00a0<\/span>psal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0o Evrop\u011b, kter\u00e1 je na cest\u011b k nov\u00e9mu incidentu podobn\u00e9mu kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9 raketov\u00e9 krizi, s rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00edm kapacit dlouh\u00e9ho doletu do N\u011bmecka, co\u017e zjevn\u011b \u010din\u00ed z OTANizovan\u00e9ho a jadern\u00e9ho kontinentu c\u00edl pro Rusko. Zat\u00edmco se Washington soust\u0159ed\u00ed na Tichomo\u0159\u00ed, jeho transatlanti\u010dt\u00ed spojenci (v energeticky vyhladov\u011bl\u00e9 realit\u011b po Nord Streamu) jsou ponech\u00e1ni p\u0159ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm \u00fakolem st\u00e1t se jak\u00fdmsi sebevra\u017eedn\u00fdm z\u00e1stupcem v\u00e1lky Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f o obkl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed proti Rusku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Co se t\u00fd\u010de spojenc\u016f Washingtonu AUKUS, prognostika zahrnuje po\u0161kozen\u00ed jejich ekonomick\u00fdch vztah\u016f s \u010c\u00ednou a zapleten\u00ed se do nov\u00e9 studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Sou\u010dasn\u011b je Washington tak\u00e9 zanepr\u00e1zdn\u011bn dod\u00e1vkami paliva pro Netanjahua,\u00a0<\/span>aby zap\u00e1lil Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. M\u011bjte na pam\u011bti, \u017ee ve\u0161ker\u00fd takov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e nen\u00ed ani jasn\u00e9,\u00a0<\/span>kdo\u00a0<\/span><\/a>de facto\u00a0<\/span><\/a>vl\u00e1dne USA posledn\u00edch p\u00e1r let<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Kdy\u017e vezmeme v \u00favahu v\u0161echny v\u011bci, je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 pop\u0159\u00edt, \u017ee Washington je dnes jedinou a nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hrozbou pro m\u00edr a stabilitu lidstva.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD<\/a>, antropologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed a etnick\u00e9 konflikty<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

AUKUS je op\u011bt v centru pozornosti. Proti\u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed pakt mezi Austr\u00e1li\u00ed, Spojen\u00fdm kr\u00e1lovstv\u00edm a USA…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":60912,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,1222,30,2181,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60911"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60911"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60911\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/60912"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60911"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60911"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60911"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}